1、Designation: F1920 11An American National StandardStandard Test Method forPerformance of Rack Conveyor, Commercial DishwashingMachines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1920; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、 revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method evaluates the energy and water con-sumption of rack conveyor, commercial dishw
3、ashing ma-chines, hereafter referred to as dishwashers. Dishwashers mayhave remote or self-contained booster heater. This proceduredoes not address cleaning or sanitizing performance.1.2 This test method is applicable to both hot water sanitiz-ing and chemical sanitizing rack conveyor machines, whic
4、hinclude both single tank and multiple tank machines. Dish-washer tank heaters are evaluated separately from the boosterheater.1.3 The following procedures are included in this testmethod:1.3.1 Procedures to Confirm Dishwasher is OperatingProperly Prior to Performance Testing:1.3.1.1 Maximum energy
5、input rate of the tank heaters(10.2).1.3.1.2 Maximum energy input rate of the booster heater, ifapplicable (10.3).1.3.1.3 Final sanitizing rinse water consumption calibration(10.4).1.3.1.4 Booster temperature calibration, if applicable (10.5).1.3.1.5 Wash tank temperature calibration (10.6).1.3.1.6
6、Wash tank pump and conveyor motor calibration(10.7).1.3.2 Energy Usage and Cycle Rate Performance Tests:1.3.2.1 Washing energy performance test (10.8).1.3.2.2 Tank heater idle energy rate (10.9).1.3.2.3 Booster idle energy rate, if provided (10.10).1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
7、 regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the
8、 user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3588 Practice for Calculating Heat Value, CompressibilityFactor, and Relative Density of Gaseous FuelsF858
9、Specification for Hot Water Sanitizing CommercialDishwashing Machines, Single Tank, Conveyor Rack TypeF861 Specification for Commercial Dishwashing Racks2.2 NSF Standards:NSF/ANSI 3 Commercial Warewashing Equipment3NSF/ANSI 170 Glossary of Foodservice Terms32.3 ASHRAE Standard:ASHRAE Guideline 21986
10、 (RA90) Engineering Analysisof Experimental Data43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 booster heater, nwater heater for taking supply hotwater (typically 140F) up to 180F+ for sanitizing rinse; thebooster heater may be separate from dishwasher or integral.3.1.2 batc
11、h, na group of five dishloads as described in3.1.4.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe dishracks are grouped into batchesto better simulate typical in-kitchen operation and facilitateconsistent application of the washing energy use test.3.1.3 cycle rate, nmaximum production rate of a dish-washer when washing dish
12、loads in accordance with the CycleRate Performance test.3.1.4 dishload, npeg-type, polypropylene dishrack of aspecified weight, loaded with ten 9-in. plates of a specifiedweight, used to put a thermal load on the dishwasher during thewashing energy test.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of
13、 ASTM Committee F26 on FoodService Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.06 onProductivity and Energy Protocol.Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published July 2011. Originally approvedin 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1920 07. DOI: 10.1520/F1920-11.2F
14、or referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixb
15、oro Rd., AnnArbor, MI 48113-0140, http:/www.nsf.org.4Available from American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA30329, http:/www.ashrae.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consho
16、hocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.5 dishwasher, nfor this test method, a machine thatuniformly washes, rinses, and sanitizes eating and drinkingutensils.3.1.5.1 DiscussionThe machine shall be capable of re-moving physical soil from properly racked and prescrapeditems, and sanitizing multiple-
17、use eating and drinking utensils.3.1.6 empty dish rack, ndish rack without any dishwareplaced in the dish rack.3.1.6.1 DiscussionTwo empty dish racks are run throughthe dishwasher prior to washing the first dishload to conditionthe dishwasher for testing as specified in the Washing EnergyTest (see 1
18、0.8).3.1.7 rated temperature, ndishwashers rated nameplateminimum operating tank temperature as determined by NSF/ANSI 3.3.1.8 recovery time, ntime from the end of washing adishload to until the wash tank heaters have cycled off.3.1.8.1 DiscussionAll tank heaters must cycle off at leastonce for a mu
19、ltiple tank machine.3.1.9 tank heater idle rate, nrate of energy consumed bythe dishwasher while “holding” or maintaining the wash tankwater at the thermostat(s) set point during the time periodspecified.3.1.10 uncertainty, nmeasure of systematic and precisionerrors in specified instrumentation or m
20、easure of repeatabilityof a reported test result.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The maximum energy input rate of the tank heater andthe booster heater, if applicable, is measured to confirm that thedishwasher is operating at the manufacturers rated input. If themeasured input rate is not within 5 % of
21、 the rated input, allfurther testing ceases, and the manufacturer shall be contacted.The manufacturer may make appropriate changes or adjust-ments to the dishwasher.NOTE 1It is the intent of the testing procedure herein to evaluate theperformance of a dishwasher at its rated gas pressure or electric
22、 voltage.If an electrical unit is rated dual voltage, that is, designed to operate ateither 208 or 240 V with no change in component, the voltage selected bythe manufacturer or the tester, or both, shall be reported. If a dishwasheris designed to operate at two voltages without a change in the resis
23、tanceof the heating elements, the performance of the unit, for example, cyclerate, may differ at the two voltages. Therefore the tests must be performedat both voltages and the results reported accordingly.4.2 Wash tank and booster temperatures are retained at themanufacturers factory settings.4.3 W
24、ater consumption is adjusted in accordance withmanufacturers rated water consumption per NSF/ANSI 3. Thepressure regulator valve is adjusted to 20 6 1 psi and the waterconsumption measured. If this is not within 60.15 GPM of theNSF rating or the manufacturers rating if not listed to NSFstandards, th
25、en the manufacturer shall be contacted.4.4 The tank heater energy rate is determine at idle, that is,when the tank temperature is being maintained, but no washingis taking place.4.5 Booster heater idle energy rate is determined.4.6 Dishwasher and booster energy consumption per rack ofdishes is deter
26、mined during a heavy-use scenario by washing atotal of 25 loaded dishracks.4.7 Water consumption (gal/h (L/h) is monitored duringtesting to determine the rate of water usage.5. Significance and Use5.1 The maximum energy input rate test is used to confirmthat the dishwasher is operating at the manufa
27、cturers ratedinput prior to further testing. This test method also will indicateany problems with the electric power supply, gas servicepressure, or steam supply flow or pressure.5.2 Tank and booster temperatures, as well as water con-sumption, are adjusted to NSF specifications to insure that thete
28、st is applied to a properly functioning dishwasher.5.3 Because much of a dishwashers operating period isspent in the idle condition, tank heater and booster idle energyconsumption rate(s) are important parts of predicting dish-washers energy consumption.5.4 The washing energy test determines energy
29、usage perrack. This is useful both as a measure for comparing the energyperformance of one dishwasher to another and as a predictor ofthe dishwashers energy consumption.5.5 Water-consumption characterization is useful for esti-mating water and sewage costs associated with dishwashingmachine operatio
30、n.6. Apparatus6.1 1 or 2 Wh Meters, for measuring the electrical energyconsumption of the tank heaters, pump motor, and boosterheater, if applicable, shall have a resolution of at least 10 Whand a maximum uncertainty no greater than 1.5 % of themeasured value for any demand greater than 100 W. For a
31、nydemand less than 100 W, the meter shall have a resolution of atleast 10 Wh and a maximum uncertainty no greater than 10 %.6.2 1 or 2 Gas Meters, for measuring the gas consumptionof tank heater, or booster heater, if applicable, or both, shallhave a resolution of at least 0.01 ft3(0.0003 m3), and a
32、maximum uncertainty no greater than 1 % of the measuredvalue for any demand greater than 2.2 ft3/h (0.06 m3/h). If themeter is used for measuring the gas consumed by pilot lights,it shall have a resolution of a least 0.01 ft3(0.0003 m3) andhave a maximum uncertainty of at least 0.01 ft3(0.0003 m3)an
33、d have a maximum uncertainty no greater than 2 % of themeasured value.6.3 1 or 2 Steam Flow Meters, for measuring the flow ofsteam to tank heaters and or booster heater, if applicable, shallhave a resolution of 0.01 ft3(0.0003 m3), and a maximumuncertainty of 1 % of the measured value.6.4 Pressure G
34、age, for measuring pressure of steam tosteam coils and steam injector, shall have a resolution of 0.5psig (3.4 kPa), and a maximum uncertainty of 1 % of themeasured value.6.5 Canopy Exhaust Hood or Vent Cowl Exhaust Ducts,measured in agreement with manufacturers requirements. Ventcowl exhaust ducts
35、shall operate at a nominal 200 cfm (94.4L/s) on entrance side of dishwasher and 400 cfm (188.8 L/s) onexit side or in accordance with manufacturers recommenda-tion, if applicable. Canopy exhaust hood shall use a 3-ft by 6-ftconfiguration operating at the dishwashing machine manufac-turers specified
36、ventilation rate. Report the ventilation rate andventilation exhaust type.F1920 1126.6 Pressure Gage, for monitoring natural gas pressure,shall have a range of 0 to 10 in. H2O (zero to 2.5 kPa), aresolution of 0.1 in. H2O (125 Pa), and a maximum uncertaintyof 1 % of the measured value.6.7 Temperatur
37、e Sensor, for measuring natural gas tempera-ture in the range of 50 to 100F (10 to 40C), with a resolutionof 0.5F (0.3C) and an uncertainty of 61 F (0.5C).6.8 Barometer, for measuring absolute atmospheric pres-sure, to be used for adjustment of measured natural gas volumeto standard conditions, shal
38、l have a resolution of 0.2 in. Hg(670 Pa), and an uncertainty of 0.2 in. Hg (670 Pa).6.9 Flow Meter, for measuring water consumption of thedishwasher. Shall have a resolution of 0.01 gal (40 mL), and anuncertainty of 0.01 gal (40 mL), at flow rate as low as 0.2 gpm(13 mL/s).6.10 Stop Watch, with a 0
39、.1-s resolution.6.11 Analytical Balance Scale, or equivalent, for measuringweight of dishes and dish racks used in the dishload energytest. It shall have a resolution of 0.01 lb (5 g) and anuncertainty of 0.01 lb (5 g).6.12 Calibrated Exposed Junction Thermocouple Probes,with a range from -20 to 400
40、F (-30 to 200C), with aresolution of 0.2F (0.1C) and an uncertainty of 1.0F (0.5C),for measuring tank temperature, booster and dishwater inlettemperatures. Calibrated K-type 24-GA thermocouple wirewith stainless steel sheath and ceramic insulation is therecommended choice for measuring the booster a
41、nd dishwaterinlet temperatures. The thermocouple probe can be fed througha compression fitting so as to submerge exposed junction inbooster and dishwasher inlets.6.13 Dishracks, minimum of 12, Metro Mdl P2MO, 20-in.3 20-in., peg-type, commercial or acceptable equivalent. Eachshall weigh 4.6 6 0.1 lb
42、, and be used in the Washing EnergyTest (see 10.8).6.14 Plates, minimum of 250, 9-in., ceramic glazed plates,weighing an average of 1.3 6 0.05 lb each.NOTE 2Inter-Americant mdl #132 are within the specified weightrange and are inexpensive.6.15 Surface Temperature Thermocouple Probe, for measur-ing d
43、ish plates and dishracks temperatures. Resolution anduncertainty shall be the same as in 6.12.7. Sampling7.1 DishwasherA representative production model shallbe selected for performance testing.8. Materials8.1 As specified in 6.13, the dishracks must be made ofpolypropylene. This material is require
44、d because the testmethod assumes a specific heat of 0.39 Btu/lb 3 F. Oneverification that a rack is polypropylene is if it has the recyclingsymbol No. 5 on it (and the letters “PP” below it).9. Preparation of Apparatus9.1 Install the dishwasher in accordance with the dish-washer manufacturers instru
45、ctions under a 3-ft by 6-ft canopyexhaust hood or connect to vent cowl exhaust ducts. Vent cowlexhaust ducts should operate at a nominal 200 cfm (94.4 L/s)on the entrance side of dishwasher and 400 cfm (188.8 L/s) onthe discharge side or in accordance with manufacturersrecommendations, if applicable
46、. Record the ventilation rateused for the testing. The associated heating or cooling systemshall be capable of maintaining an ambient temperature of 756 5F within the testing environment when the exhaustventilation system is working and the appliance is beingoperated.9.2 Install the booster heater,
47、if it is not integral to thedishwasher, in accordance with the manufacturers recommen-dations. The pipe from the booster outlet to the dishwasherinlet shall be minimized and shall be wrapped with12-in.insulation along its entire length.9.3 Connect the booster to a supply of water, which iswithin 62F
48、 of its input temperatures, not to exceed140 6 2F.9.4 Connect the dishwasher (including tank heater, motorsand controls) and booster to calibrated energy test meters. Thedishwasher and booster shall not be monitored as one energyload. Separate monitoring will broaden the usefulness of thedata and en
49、hance the accuracy of the results.9.5 For gas installations, install a pressure regulator (down-stream from the meter) to maintain a constant (manifold)pressure of gas supplied to the dishwasher and booster heater,if applicable, for all tests. Install instrumentation to record boththe pressure and temperature of the gas supplied to thedishwasher and the barometric pressure during each test so thatthe measured gas flow can be corrected to standard conditions.9.6 For electric tank heaters and boosters, confirm, while theelements are
