1、Designation: F476 14Standard Test Methods forSecurity of Swinging Door Assemblies1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F476; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parent
2、heses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover door assemblies of variousmaterials and ty
3、pes of construction for use in wall openings todeter unwanted intruders.1.2 Door assemblies, covered by these test methods, alsoinclude individual components such as the hinge, lock, door,strike, and jamb.1.3 These test methods are designed to measure the capa-bility of a swinging door assembly to r
4、estrain or delay andfrustrate the commission of “break-in” crimes.1.4 These test methods apply primarily to typical entry doorassemblies.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to e
5、stablish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F471 Terminology Relating to Combination Locks (With-drawn 2011)33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 bolt, nany movable projection that
6、 blocks the move-ment of one object relative to another.3.1.2 bolt projection (or bolt throw), ndistance from theedge of the door, at the bolt center line, to the farthest point onthe bolt in the projected position, when subjected to endpressure.3.1.3 component, nas distinguished from a part, a suba
7、s-sembly that combines with other components to make up atotal door assembly.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThe prime components of a door as-sembly include: door, lock, hinges, jamb, strike, and wall.3.1.4 cylinder, ncomplete operating unit that usually con-sists of the plug shell, tumblers, springs, plug retai
8、ner, acam/tailpiece or other actuating device, and all other necessaryoperating parts.3.1.5 cylinder core (or cylinder plug), ncentral part of acylinder, containing the keyway, that is rotated by the key tooperate the lock mechanism.3.1.6 deadbolt, nbolt, which requires a deliberate actionto extend,
9、 and resists end pressure in the unlocking directionwhen fully extended.3.1.7 dead latch (or dead locking latch bolt), nlatchboltwith a deadlocking mechanism.3.1.8 door assembly, nany combination of a door, frame,hardware, and other accessories that is placed in an opening ina wall that is intended
10、primarily for access or for humanentrance or exit.3.1.9 jamb, nvertical members of a door frame (such as,those fixed members to which the door is secured).3.1.10 key-in-knob lockset, nany lockset with a key oper-ated cylinder in one or more knobs.3.1.11 key-in-lever lockset, nany lockset with a key
11、oper-ated cylinder in one or more level handles.3.1.12 latch:3.1.12.1 nmechanical or magnetic door fastener that canautomatically keep a door, gate, and so forth, closed.3.1.12.2 vengagement of a latch when a door, gate, and soforth, is pushed or pulled closed.3.1.13 latch bolt, nspring-actuated bol
12、t, normally withone or more beveled surfaces, that, when aligned with thestrike, engages it automatically.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F12 onSecurity Systems and Equipment and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF12.50 on Locking Devices.Current edition a
13、pproved Feb. 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originallyapproved in 1976 as F476 76 . Last previous edition approved in 2002 asF476 84 (2002) which was withdrawn July 2011 and reinstated February 2014.DOI: 10.1520/F0476-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact
14、 ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
15、Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.14 lock, nany device that prevents access or use byrequiring special knowledge or equipment.3.1.15 lock front, nouter plate through which the lockingbolt projects and which is usually flush with the edge of thedoor.3.1.16 part, nas distin
16、guished from component, a unit (orsubassembly) that combines with other units to make up acomponent.3.1.17 strike, nbolt receptacle typically mounted in thedoor jamb or the floor.3.1.18 swinging door, nstile (side)-hinged door.3.1.19 Type A lock, nlock that uses a single bolt orseparate latch and lo
17、ck bolts that are mechanically intercon-nected.4. Apparatus4.1 Test equipment suitable for use in evaluating the physi-cal security of door assemblies and components is described inthis section. While certain commercial instruments are identi-fied to adequately describe the test equipment, in no cas
18、e doessuch identification imply recommendation or endorsement, nordoes it imply that the material or equipment described isnecessarily the best for the purpose.4.2 Door RamThe door ram is a pendulum system with acylindrical weight capable of delivering horizontal impacts of200 J (148 ftlbf). Fig. 1
19、is a photograph of such a system. Asketch of the ram is shown in Fig. 2. It is a steel cylinder 152.4mm (6 in.) in diameter, 393.7 mm (15.5 in.) long, with ahemispherical impact nose. It weighs 45 kg (99.2 lb). Theimpact nose used in this equipment is made from cast epoxy-polyamide resin; however, a
20、ny durable impact-resistant mate-rial is satisfactory. The suspension system for the door ramconsists of four flexible steel cables providing a swing radius of1.71 m (5.61 ft), as shown in Fig. 3. These cables are adjustedto equal length with turnbuckles such that the ram swings in astraight, true a
21、rc and are attached to a steel frame that can beadjusted to be level. Fig. 1 also includes a diagram of thependulum system when elevated and at rest, and the measure-ments required to calculate the impact energy of the system.Table 1 presents the potential energy of a pendulum systemwith a 45-kg (99
22、.2-lb) weight as a function of various eleva-tions of the weight.4.2.1 The use of a calibrated elevation stand, as shown inFig. 1, is a convenient means of quickly and reproductivelyestablishing the proper ram elevation for each required impact.4.3 Component RamThe component ram is a pendulumsystem
23、capable of delivering impacts of 100 J (74 ftlbf). Asketch of the pendulum system is shown in Fig. 4. Thependulum weight has a diameter of 56 mm (2316 in.), a lengthof 838 mm (33 in.), and weighs 16 kg (35.3 lb). The impactnose is made from a 6-mm (14-in.) carriage bolt with the squareshank removed.
24、 The vacuum release mechanism also shown inFig. 4 is a convenient means of holding the component ram inthe elevated position and releasing it to deliver the requiredimpact.4.3.1 The height of drop of the pendulum for an impact of100 J (74 ftlbf) is 637 mm (2.09 ft).4.3.2 The vertical pendulum system
25、 shall use a steel weightand be capable of delivering vertical (downward) impacts of upto 100 J (74 ftlbf) to a door knob installed in a door assembly.4.4 Vertical ImpactorThe vertical impactor is a rigidpendulum system capable of delivering downward impacts of100 J (74 ftlbf). Fig. 5 shows a photog
26、raph of the system. Theconstruction of the pendulum is shown in Fig. 6, and theconstruction of the pivot assembly is shown in Fig. 7.4.4.1 The effective weight of the flat-nosed steel weight is10 kg (22 lb). An impact of 100 J (74 ftlbf) is provided by adrop height of 1.02 m (3.35 ft).4.4.2 Torque A
27、pplicatorThe portable torque applicatorshall be capable of delivering and measuring up to 160 Nm(118 lbfft) of torque to both door knobs and lock cylinders.The torque loading adapters shall be designed to grip the knobsand cylinders.4.4.3 Tension-Loading DeviceThe tension-loading deviceshall be capa
28、ble of delivering and measuring tensile forces ofup to 18 kN (4000 lbf).4.4.4 Compression-Loading DeviceThe compression-loading device shall be capable of delivering and measuringcompressive forces of up to 900 N (200 lbf).4.4.5 Jamb-Spreading DeviceThe jamb-spreading deviceshall be capable of deliv
29、ering to door jambs and measuringspreading forces of up to 22 kN (4950 lbf) with a means ofmeasuring up to 13 mm (12 in.) of increase in lock-front tostrike distance. The device shall have on each end either a loadFIG. 1 Door Ram Pendulum SystemF476 142bearing plate or pressure foot that provides a
30、minimum contactsurface of 40 by 120 mm (112 by 5 in.).4.4.6 Instrument AccuracyThe tension loading and jamb-spreading devices shall have a combined calibration andreading error no greater than 200 N (45 lbf). The compression-loading device shall have a combined calibration and readingerror of no gre
31、ater than 40 N (9 lbf). The torquemeter shallhave a combined error no greater than 3.4 Nm (2.5 lbfft). Theimpact energy of each pendulum system shall be controlled towithin 61%.5. Construction and Size5.1 The construction and size of the test door assemblies,consisting of single doors, doors in pair
32、s, special-purpose doors(such as Dutch doors), jambs and headers, and all hardwarecomponents shall be representative of the classification orrating that is desired.5.2 The door assembly support fixture shall simulate therigidity normally provided to a door assembly in a building bythe ceiling, floor
33、, and walls. Fig. 8 shows an acceptable fixture.5.3 The test fixture for door, door jamb, hinge, lock, strike,and other components shall consist of a vertical wall sectionconstructed from 2 by 4 wood studs, 410 mm (16 in.) on center,with a rough entry door opening, and shall be covered with13-mm (12
34、-in.) exterior grade plywood sheathing on theexterior and12-in. gypsum board on the interior. It shall beconstructed as shown in Fig. 9 and shall be secured to the wallsupport fixture (at the sides and top) and to the laboratory floor.For tests of door, lock, strike, and hinge components, thefixture
35、 wall section shall also include a door jamb.5.4 The alternative test fixture for lockset components shallconsist of a small door assembly, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11.The frame shall be fabricated from steel angle and plate at least5mm(316 in.) thick. The test panel shall be 600 mm (24 in.)square a
36、nd 45 mm (134 in.) thick, made by bonding threepieces of plywood together or by cutting a section from a45-mm (134-in.) solid wood core door (such as, glued blockcore construction NWMA IS-1). A 50 by 50 by 3-mm (2 by 2by18-in.) steel angle shall be bolted to the hinge edge of thedoor panel, and a re
37、movable steel strike plate shall be bolted tothe frame at the lock position of the door panel. The alternatelockset component test fixture shown in Figs. 10 and 11 may beused in lieu of the lockset component test fixture shown. Theuse of steel plates and expendable wood blocks as shown in thedrawing
38、 may be used on the full size test fixture as describedin 5.3 when testing lock and hinge components.5.5 The test fixture for static bolt load tests (9.2) shallconsist of a vertical panel fabricated from wood attached to astable horizontal base, as shown in Fig. 12. The top edge of thepanel shall be
39、 parallel to the bottom surface of the base. Thepanel shall be about 45 mm (134 in.) thick and the top edgeshall be prepared to permit the lock set which is being tested tobe mounted in the panel in accordance with the manufacturersinstructions.6. Sampling6.1 Specimens shall be representative and ad
40、equately iden-tified for future reference. Complete manufacturer or fabricatorinstallation instructions and full-size templates for all items ofhardware shall be included.FIG. 2 Door RamFIG. 3 Door Ram Suspension SystemTABLE 1 Potential Energy of PendulumAUsed in Door Assemblyand Component TestsPote
41、ntial Energy, J(ftlbf)Height Of Drop (H), mm(ft)BHorizontal SwingDistance (L), mm (ft)60 (44.3) 136 (0.45) 668 (2.19)80 (59.0) 181 (0.59) 765 (2.51)100 (73.8) 227 (0.74) 851 (2.79)120 (88.5) 272 (0.89) 925 (3.04)140 (103.3) 317 (1.04) 992 (3.26)160 (118.0) 363 (1.19) 1053 (3.46)180 (132.8) 408 (1.34
42、) 1108 (3.64)200 (147.5) 454 (1.49) 1160 (3.81)AThe pendulum weighed 45 kg (99.2 lb) and was suspended with a wing radius (R)of 1710 mm (5.61 ft).BHeight of drop.sHd 5 R 2R22 L2F476 1437. Mounting for Test7.1 Swinging doors shall be mounted so as to open awayfrom the working area, except when testin
43、g an out-swingingdoor assembly.7.2 Prepare doors and door jambs for the installation oflocksets and hinges in conformance with the manufacturersinstructions. Follow the manufacturers instructions for fasten-ing the jamb to the support fixture described in 5.2.7.3 Install components such as test door
44、s, door jambs,hinges, and jamb/strikes in the component test fixture de-scribed in 5.3. Except when testing hinges, hinge the door with112 pairs of 115-mm (412-in.) steel butt hinges, and fix it in theclosed-locked position (at the normal lock point) with a real orsimulated latch bolt having suffici
45、ent strength and stiffness toprevent it from failing during test. In the absence of otherconstruction specifications, make the clearances on the lockside, hinge side, and top of the door 3.2 6 0.4 mm (18 6164in.). Clearance at the threshold is not considered critical inthese tests.7.4 To test lockse
46、ts as components, install them in thealternative component test fixture described in 5.4. Fix the testpanel in the closed locked position at the normal locking point.Hinge the test panel with two 115-mm (412-in.) steel butthinges.7.5 To test lock sets for static bolt load, install them in thetest fi
47、xture described in 5.5.8. Procedure8.1 One complete assembly shall be used to conduct thetests. Tests shall be given in the sequence of Sections 9 20.FIG. 4 Vacuum Release MechanismFIG. 5 Vertical ImpactorF476 144Tests under Sections 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15, if conducted inthe test panel, shall no
48、t be repeated in the door assembly beingtested. These tests need not be repeated for successive tests ofother door assemblies where the same lock model is beingused.9. Static Bolt Load Test9.1 To test Type A and B locks and all door assembly locks,mount the lock in the test fixture described in 5.5.
49、 Lock thedoor lock with the dead bolt or dead latch in the fully projectedposition. If the lock incorporates a dead-latch plunger, attach a6.5-mm (14-in.) spacer to the lock front. Allow the dead-latchplunger to project flush with the top of the spacer, and hold itin that position with a piece of tape, or by another suitablemeans.9.2 Place the lock, in the test fixture, in a compressiontesting machine, or mount it on a firm, level surface with thecompression loading device directly above it with the loadingface par
