1、Designation: F 509 86 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Practice for TestingOne-Time Carbonizing Tissue for Pinholes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 509; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the determination of the existenceof pinholes in one-time carbonizing tissues.1.2 This standard doe
3、s not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult andestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.
4、1 ASTM Standards:2D 585 Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot ofPaper, Paperboard, Fiberboard, and Related ProductsF 221 Terminology Relating to Carbon Paper and InkedRibbon Products and Images Made Therefrom3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor other definitions relating to carbonpaper and in
5、ked ribbon products, see Terminology F 221.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 carbonizing bonda white opaque paper that is usedfor one-time carbon ink coatings.3.2.2 control one-time carbon tissuea tissue that is ofknown quality and performance for one-time carbon inkcoatings.3
6、.2.3 one-time carbonizing tissuea tissue that is used forone-time carbon ink coatings.3.2.4 pinholean opening in the carbon tissue that permitsthe coating to penetrate through to the uncoated side.4. Summary of Practice4.1 Across-the-web samples are taken from the outsidewraps of a roll of tissue an
7、d 4.25 by 11.00-in. (107.9 by279.4-mm) test specimens are cut from these samples so thattheir length is parallel to the cross direction. The specimens areidentified and checked for ink penetration using special testink, a draw-down rod instrument and special receptor paper onwhich a lined rectangula
8、r pattern is drawn. The same check isrepeated with an acceptable control tissue and the test resultsfrom the specimens and the control are compared visually,using the rectangular area.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice is to be used to provide a visual means ofdetermining the existence of pinh
9、oles by penetration of a dyesolution through the pinhole into a white receptor paper.5.2 The practice is suitable for manufacturing control andwill give close correlation with the end product.5.3 This practice is suitable for comparative service evalu-ation and development.5.4 The initial appearance
10、 will change with time due tocontinued migration of dye solution into the receptor paper andthe size of the colored areas will not represent the actual sizeof the pinholes through which the solution was exuded.6. Apparatus6.1 Weight, 2-lb (907-g).6.2 Draw-Down Rod Instrument (see Fig. 1).6.3 Paper C
11、utter, 18 by 18-in. (457.2 by 457.2-mm), thathas an attachment for ensuring parallelism of opposite edges.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Test InkThe test ink is a solution of 33 % methylvioletbase “B” in Oleic Acid.7.2 PadA minimum of ten sheets of white forms bondpaper.7.3 Control Carbon Tissue (3.2)
12、, 4.25 by 11.00-in. (107.9by 279.4-mm) sheets, of the same type, grade, and basis weightas the test specimens.7.4 Special Receptor Paper (3.1), 8.5 by 11.0-in. (215.9 by279.4-mm), 12 lb (17 x 22 500 or 45.1 g/m2) white, coated,pigmented carbonizing bond for receiving dye solution trans-ferred throug
13、h tissue.Arectangular-lined area 2.5 by 8 in. (63.5by 203.2 mm) is ruled in the center of the sheet.7.5 Tissue Specimens (See 7.3), 4.25 by 11-in. (107.9 by279.4-mm).1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 on BusinessImaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcomm
14、ittee F05.02 on InkedTransfer Imaging Products.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published December 2004. Originallyapproved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as F 509 86 (2000)e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service
15、 at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.8. Sampling8.1 The material shall be sampled in
16、 accordance withMethods D 585.9. Test Specimens9.1 Representative samples, 4.25 by 11.00-in. (107.9 by279.4-mm) with the 11.0-in. (279.4-mm) side parallel to theNOTE 1The overall weight of the instrument should be 4.00 6 0.25 lb (1.81 6 0.11 kg), and the hook bolt should be long enough to adjust the
17、 handlelevel with the surface.1) Sheet Metal PlateBrass, 3.0 by 6.5 by 3.2 in. (76.2 by 165.1 by 3.2 mm)2) Weight3-lb (1.36-kg) steel block, 2.75 by 4.00 by 0.88 in. (69.9 by 101.6 by 22.2 mm), drilled and tapped to accommodate socket-head and round-head ma-chine screws.3) Right-Angle Bracket, 3.0 b
18、y 0.5 in. (76.2 by 6.4 mm) wide.4) Round-Heat Machine Screws, 25) Round-Head Wood Screws, 4.6) Wooden Handle, 3.00 by 12.25 by 0.50 in. (76.2 by 311.2 by 12.7 mm), shaped as shown.7) Nuts, 2.8) Hook Bolt.9) Stainless Steel Rod,316 in. (4.8 mm) in diameter, by 3.0 in. (76.2 mm) long. Cut to length an
19、d silver-solder to brass plate above.10) Socket-Head Machine Screws, 2.11) Pad of PaperForms bond.FIG. 1 Draw-Down Rod InstrumentFIG. 2 Sample and Test SpecimensF 509 86 (2004)2cross direction, shall be cut from an across-the-web samplingso that they are representative of the full width of the roll
20、oftissue (Fig. 2). The number of specimens taken shall bedetermined by the width of the roll. Avoid folds, creases, orpunctures that would permit the dye solution to penetratethrough the tissue.10. Calibration10.1 No calibration is required.11. Conditioning11.1 It is not necessary to condition the p
21、aper or perform thetest at standard humidity and temperature.12. Procedure12.1 Obtain the specimens as described in 8.1 and 9.1, andidentify them in the position across the web.12.2 Place the pad of forms bond paper on a hard surfaceand place the receptor paper with ruled rectangular pattern sideup,
22、 on top of the pad.12.3 Place the tissue specimen, wire side up, on the receptorpaper so that it covers the 2.5 by 8.0-in. (63.5 by 203.2-mm)ruled pattern and overlaps slightly at the bottom.12.4 Secure the top of the tissue specimen to the receptorpaper with a 2-lb (0.9-kg) weight and insert a shee
23、t of formsbond paper under the portion of the tissue that overlaps thebottom of the test form so as to catch any excess ink.12.5 Place dye solution on the specimen tissue immediatelyabove the ruled pattern outlined on the receptor paper insufficient quantity to be drawn down the full width of the ro
24、dand the length of the paper.12.6 Place the draw-down rod instrument on the tissue withthe rod close to the 2-lb (0.9-kg) weight and hook off the padon the surface of the table. The ink should be in positionbetween the rod and the lined pattern on the receptor paper.12.7 Draw ink down the full lengt
25、h of specimen over thelined pattern using the draw-down rod instrument with asmooth steady motion and then remove the specimen from thetest form to prevent additional bleed-through due to excessivecontact time.12.7.1 Do not apply any downward pressure when usingthe draw-down rod.12.7.2 Make sure the
26、 hook is off the pad of paper, and thehandle is parallel to the pad of paper; if not, adjust the hook toassure parallelism.12.7.3 Total time for draw down shall be 2 s.12.7.4 Remove the tissue from receptor within 1 to 2 s.12.8 Repeat the procedure on the remaining tissue speci-mens and also on the
27、control tissue, using a separate receptorpaper for each tissue.13. Interpretation of Results13.1 Inspect the receptor papers for ink penetration andvisually compare the test results of the specimens with thecontrol. Compare the tissue test specimen to the control tissuewith respect to both pinhole s
28、ize and frequency to determinewhether the specimen has pinholes to a similar, lesser, orgreater degree.13.2 The size, number, and distribution of the dye solutionreceived on the special test paper does not indicate the pinholesin the tissues are the same size as the colored spots. The spotsare an am
29、plification of the actual pinhole diameter caused bymigration of the dye solution on the coated test paper.14. Precision and Bias14.1 Repeatable ranking order is obtained that is reproduc-ible within a laboratory and between laboratories. This test is acomparative test, is subjective, and no quantit
30、ative data areintended.15. Keywords15.1 carbon tissue; carbonizing tissue; pinholesASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the
31、validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your
32、comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments h
33、ave not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 509 86 (2004)3
