1、Designation: F559 05 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forMeasuring Length of Road Test Courses Using a FifthWheel1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F559; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the accu-rate length measurement of road courses used for testing allty
3、pes of pneumatic tires on various associated vehicles.1.2 This test method is intended for use on public highwaysor closed circuit test courses, or both, that cannot be measuredpractically by surveying techniques.1.3 Use of this test method requires that the surface of thetest course to be measured
4、shall be sufficiently smooth topreclude bounce or hop of the fifth wheel, which will affect theaccuracy of the measurement. The normal highway surface isadequate for this test method.1.4 It is not the intent or scope of this test method toencompass distance measurements of test courses whose sur-fac
5、es are irregular, broken up, jagged, and so forth, such asrock courses, Belgian block, “rumble” surfaces, and the like.Snow- and ice-covered surfaces also are excluded.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.6 This st
6、andard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1
7、 ASTM Standards:2F457 Test Method for Speed and Distance Calibration ofFifth Wheel Equipped With Either Analog or DigitalInstrumentationF538 Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Per-formance of TiresF1082 Practice for TiresDetermining Precision for TestMethod Standards33. Terminology3.1 D
8、efinitionsSee Terminology F538 for terminologyused in this test method.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method includes the use of a fifth wheel ofknown accuracy, incorporating a distance counter that isattached to the test vehicle and used to measure distancestraveled by that vehicle.5. Signi
9、ficance and Use5.1 Maps, automobile odometers, and highway and distancemarkers are not sufficiently accurate to describe the length of aroute for tire testing purposes. The proposed procedure de-scribes a test method for measuring the length of a road coursewith sufficient accuracy for tire testing
10、purposes.6. Apparatus6.1 Fifth WheelThe fifth wheel shall meet the require-ments of Test Method F457 and shall incorporate an odometeror distance counter capable of accumulating the distance of thecourse to be measured. Preferably, the distance counter readoutwill be in units of 1 m (3.28 ft) or a m
11、inimum of 0.25revolution of the fifth wheel. In any case, the distance readoutshall meet the requirements of Test Method F457.7. Procedure7.1 Attach the fifth wheel to the rear of the vehicle at a pointnot in line with the vehicle wheelpath but midway between thevehicle wheelpaths.7.2 Adjust the fif
12、th wheel tire inflation pressure to themanufacturers specification.7.3 Warm up the fifth wheel by running a minimum of 3 km(2 miles) at approximately 65 km/h (40 mph).7.4 Calibrate in accordance with Test Method F457.7.5 With the fifth wheel in contact with the road surface,drive the vehicle to the
13、starting point of the test course to be1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F09 on Tiresand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.10 on Equipment, Facilitiesand Calibration.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originallyapproved in 1978.
14、 Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F55905. DOI:10.1520/F0559-05R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe
15、 ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.measured. Set its odometer or counter to zero. If the unit isnon-resettable,
16、 record the reading.7.6 Drive the vehicle from the starting point of the coursecompletely through the course.At the end of the course, recordthe reading on the fifth wheel odometer or counter. If thecounter is non-resettable, subtract the initial reading at the startof the course from the reading at
17、 the end of the course. Thisfigure represents the distance traveled by the vehicle within thetolerances as specified in Test Method F457. If the course issufficiently long that rest or meal breaks are required, thenrecord each “leg” driven between starting and stopping pointbefore turning off the ig
18、nition switch. This operation eliminatesextra counts caused by high-frequency pulses generated by theignition or buzzer system of the vehicle. Compute the total atthe finish of the course.7.7 Repeat measurement of the course a minimum of fourtimes.7.8 While driving the course, take care to drive as
19、consis-tently as is reasonable, with as few lane changes as possible.Take care also to drive at a sufficiently slow speed to precludebounce of the fifth wheel either from road irregularities or fromimbalance of the fifth wheel.7.9 Recalibrate the fifth wheel, within 15 min after com-pleting the cour
20、se.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the arithmetic average, standard deviation,and 95 % confidence interval for the average.8.2 Report the average length and confidence interval.9. Precision and Bias9.1 Three different testing organizations using a state-of-the-art fifth wheel that meets Test Method F457
21、 requirementsmeasured the length of three separate 1-mile (1609.3-m)courses, each course being in its respective locality. Eachtesting organization made six replicate measurements of itsrespective 1-mile course.9.2 Table 1 gives the results of the measurement. Thepooled or overall standard deviation
22、 is 0.11 m (0.35 ft). Bias(expressed as the difference of measured distance in ft5280.0) shows values that range from +0.37 m (+1.2 ft) to0.30 m (1.0 ft).9.3 PrecisionThe precision is expressed as recommendedin Practice F1082 in terms of a repeatability, r, where r = 2.83Sr.9.3.1 RepeatabilityTypica
23、l state-of-the-art fifth wheelsgive a repeatability of 0.30 m (1.0 ft) when measuring a courseof exactly 1609.3 m (5280.0 ft). If the difference between twonominally identical and properly calibrated fifth wheels is lessthan 0.30 m (1.0 ft) (or 0.02 %) when measuring a 1609.3-m(1-mile) course, the t
24、wo fifth wheels may be assumed to beequivalent in precision.9.3.2 BiasThe bias (expressed as mean distance in ft5280.0) of typical state-of-the-art fifth wheels has been foundto vary as to direction, between +0.37 m (+1.2 ft) to 0.30 m(1.0 ft). This is equivalent to a magnitude of 0.02 %, whichmay b
25、e either positive or negative.9.4 The precision and bias as expressed in this sectionpertain to a 1-mile (1609.3-m) course. The precision and biasof the length of courses longer than 1 mile (1609.3 m) may bedifferent, and if simple additivity of precision and bias applies,the precision parameters fo
26、und for a course of n miles shouldbe n times the values found for 1 mile (1609.3 m) (in absoluteunits, ft (m).10. Keywords10.1 automotive; distance measurement; fifth wheel; roadcourse; tire testing; treadwearASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted
27、in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the
28、responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive ca
29、reful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM Internatio
30、nal, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the
31、 ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).TABLE 1 Results of Precision and Bias Evaluation of Fifth WheelMeasurement of a 1609.3-m (5280.0-ft) CourseTestingOrganizationMeasuredLength,ft (m)(Sr) Standar
32、dDeviation, ft (m)ABias, ft (m)B1 5281.2 (1609.7) 0.28 (0.09) +1.2 (0.37)2 5280.0 (1609.3) 0.43 (0.13) 0.0 (0.00)3 5279.0 (1609.0) 0.33 (0.10) 1.0 (0.30)Average orpooled values5280.1 (1609.4) 0.35 (0.11) 0.08 (0.02)AStandard deviation for six replicate measurements of the 1-mile (1609.3-m)course.BBias = measured distance in ft5280.0.F559 05 (2010)2
