1、Designation: F594 091Standard Specification forStainless Steel Nuts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F594; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicate
2、s the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1NOTETable 4 was editorially corrected in January 2011.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the
3、requirements for stainlesssteel nuts 0.25 to 1.50 in., inclusive, in nominal diameter in anumber of alloys in common use and intended for serviceapplications requiring general corrosion resistance.1.2 Seven groups of stainless steel alloys are covered,including ten austenitic, two ferritic, four mar
4、tensitic, and oneprecipitation hardening.Group AlloysAConditionB1 304, 305, 304L384, 189LW, 302HQC(CW) cold workedD2 316, 316L (CW) cold workedD3 321, 347 (CW) cold workedD4 430E(CW) cold workedD5 410F(H) hardened and tempered6 431 (H) hardened and tempered7 630 (AH) aged hardenedAUnless otherwise s
5、pecified on the inquiry and order, the choice of an alloy fromwithin a group shall be at the discretion of the fastener manufacturer (see 6.1).BSee 4.2 for options.CWhen approved by the purchaser, alloys 303, 303Se, or XM1 may befurnished.DSizes 0.75 in. and larger may be hot worked and solution ann
6、ealed.EWhen approved by the purchaser, alloy 430F may be furnished.FWhen approved by the purchaser, alloy 416 or 416Se may be furnished.1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature areprovided, applicable only when agreed upon by the manufac-turer and the purchaser at the time of the inquiry
7、 and order.1.4 Suitable bolts, hex cap screws, and studs for use withnuts included in this specification are covered by SpecificationF593. Unless otherwise specified, all bolts, hex cap screws, andstuds used with these nuts shall conform to the requirements ofSpecification F593 and shall be of the s
8、ame alloy group.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concer
9、ns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibili
10、ty to IntergranularAttack in Austenitic Stainless SteelsA342/A342M Test Methods for Permeability of FeeblyMagnetic MaterialsA380 Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation ofStainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and SystemsA493 Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rodsfor Cold Heading
11、and Cold ForgingA555/A555M Specification for General Requirements forStainless Steel Wire and Wire RodsA564/A564M Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesA582/A582M Specification for Free-Machining StainlessSteel BarsA751 Test Methods, Practices, a
12、nd Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsF593 Specification for Stainless Steel Bolts, Hex CapScrews, and StudsF606 Test Methods for Determining the
13、Mechanical Prop-erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and RivetsE1470 Test Method for Characterization of Proteins byElectrophoretic Mobility2.2 ASME Standards:31This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is
14、 the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.04 on NonferrousFasteners.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published January 2010. Originallyapproved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F594 08. DOI:10.1520/F0594-09E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.a
15、stm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way, EastEnglewood, CO 80112-5704, http:/1*A Summary of Changes
16、 section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.B1.1 Unified Inch Screw ThreadsB18.2.2 Square and Hex NutsNOTE 1The following ASTM standards are noted for informationonly as suitable source
17、s of material for the manufacture of nuts to thisspecification:Specifications A493, A564/A564M, and A582/A582M.3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for nuts under this specification shall include thefollowing:3.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces of each item and size),3.1.2 Name of item,3.1.3 Size (diamete
18、r and threads per inch),3.1.4 Alloy group number (see 6.2.1), and3.1.5 Condition (see 4.2).3.1.6 Orders for nuts under this specification may includethe following optional requirements:3.1.6.1 Forming (see 4.1.1),3.1.6.2 Composition (see 6.2),3.1.6.3 Corrosion resistance (see 8.1),3.1.6.4 Thread cla
19、ss (see 9.2),3.1.6.5 Finish (see 10.3),3.1.6.6 Test report (see 17.2),3.1.6.7 Rejection (see 16.1),3.1.6.8 Test rejection (see 16.1), and3.1.6.9 Special packaging (see 19.2).3.1.7 Supplementary requirements, if any, to be specified onthe order (see S1 through S8), and3.1.8 ASTM specification and dat
20、e of issue. When date ofissue is not specified, fasteners shall be furnished to the latestissue.NOTE 2Example: 10 000 pieces, Hex Nut, 0.250 in. 20,Alloy Group1, Condition CW, Furnish Test Report, Supplementary Requirement S3.4. Manufacture4.1 Manufacture:4.1.1 FormingUnless otherwise specified, the
21、 nuts shallbe hot formed, cold formed, or machined from suitablematerial, at the option of the manufacturer.4.2 ConditionThe fasteners shall be furnished in thefollowing conditions, unless specified to be furnished in one ofthe optional conditions:Alloy GroupCondition FurnishedUnless OtherwiseSpecif
22、iedOptional Conditions(must be specified)1, 2, 3 CW AF, A, SH4C5HHT6H7 AH noneA Machined from annealed or solution annealed stock thus re-taining the properties of the original material; or hot formedand solution annealed.AF Annealed after all threading is completed.AH Solution annealed and age hard
23、ened after forming.CW Annealed and cold worked. Sizes 0.75 in. and larger may behot worked and solution annealed.H Hardened and tempered at 1050F (565C) minimum.HT Hardened and tempered at 525F (274C) minimum.SH Machined from strain hardened stock.5. Heat Treatment5.1 Alloy Groups 1, 2, and 3 (Auste
24、nitic Alloys 303, 303Se,304, 304L, 305, 316, 316L, 321, 347, 384, XM1, 189LW, and302HQ) :5.1.1 Condition AWhen Condition A is specified, theaustenitic alloys shall be heated to 1900 6 50F (1038 628C), at which time the chromium carbide will go into thesolution, be held for a sufficient time, and the
25、n be cooled at arate sufficient to prevent precipitation of the carbide and toprovide the specified properties.5.1.2 Condition CWWhen Condition CW is specified, theaustenitic alloys shall be annealed as specified in 5.1.1 and thencold worked to develop the specified properties.5.1.3 Condition AFWhen
26、 Condition AF is specified, theaustenitic alloys shall be annealed as specified in 5.1.1 after allcold working, including forming and threading.5.2 Alloy Group 4 (Ferritic Alloys 430 and 430F):5.2.1 Condition AThe ferritic alloys shall be heated to atemperature of 1450 6 50F (788 6 28C), held for an
27、appropriate time, and then air cooled to provide the specifiedproperties.5.2.2 Condition CWWhen Condition CW is specified, theferritic alloys shall be annealed in accordance with 5.2.1,generally by the raw material manufacturer, and then coldworked to develop the specified properties.5.3 Alloy Group
28、 5 (Martensitic Alloys 410, 416, and 416Se):5.3.1 Condition HWhen Condition H is specified, themartensitic alloys 410, 416, and 416Se shall be hardened andtempered by heating to 1850 6 50F (1010 6 28C) sufficientfor austenitization, held for at least12 h and rapid air- oroil-quenched, then reheating
29、 to 1050F (565C) minimum forat least 1 h and air cooled to provide the specified properties.5.3.2 Condition HTWhen Condition HT is specified, themartensitic alloys 410, 416, and 416Se shall be hardened andtempered by heating to 1850 6 50F (1010 6 28C) sufficientfor austenitization, held for at least
30、12 h and rapid air- oroil-quenched, then reheating to 525F (274C) minimum for atleast 1 h and air cooled to provide the specified properties.5.4 Alloy Group 6 (Martensitic Alloy 431):5.4.1 Conditions H and HTThe martensitic alloy 431shall be hardened and tempered as specified in 5.3.1 and 5.3.2as ap
31、plicable.5.5 Alloy Group 7 (Precipitation Hardening Alloy 630):5.5.1 Condition AHThe precipitation hardening alloy 630shall be solution annealed and aged by heating to 1900 6 25F(1038 6 14C) for at least12 h and rapid air or oil quenchedto 80F (27C) maximum, then reheating to a temperature of1150 6
32、15F (621 6 8C) for 4 h and air cooled to provide thespecified properties.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Alloy GroupsIt is the intent of this specification thatfasteners shall be ordered by alloy group numbers that includealloys considered to be chemically equivalent for generalpurpose use. The alloy gro
33、upings are as shown below. Whenrequired, however, a specific alloy may be specified as permit-ted by 6.2.2.F594 0912Alloy Group Alloys1 304, 305, 304L384, 189LW, 302HQA2 316, 316L3 321, 3474 430B5 410C6 4317 630AWhen approved by the purchaser, alloys 303, 303Se, or XM1 may befurnished.BWhen approved
34、 by the purchaser, alloy 430F may be furnished.CWhen approved by the purchaser, alloys 416 or 416Se may be furnished.6.2 Chemical Composition Limits:6.2.1 Ordering by Alloy GroupUnless otherwise specifiedon the inquiry and order (see Supplementary Requirement S4),the choice of an alloy from within a
35、 group shall be at thediscretion of the fastener manufacturer as required by hismethod of fastener fabrication and material availability. Thespecific alloy used by the fastener manufacturer shall be clearlyidentified on any certification required by the order and shallhave a chemical composition con
36、forming to the requirementsof Table 1 for the specific alloy.6.2.2 Ordering by Specific AlloyWhen ordered by a spe-cific alloy number, the fasteners shall conform to the chemicalcomposition limits of Table 1 for the specific alloy.6.3 Product Analysis:6.3.1 Product analysis may be made by the purcha
37、ser fromfinished nuts representing each lot. The chemical compositionthus determined shall conform to the requirements of Table 1TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAlloyGroupUNSDesig-nationAlloyComposition, % maximum except as shownCarbonManga-nesePhos-phorusSulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Copper Molybdenu
38、m OthersAustenitic Alloys1 S30300 303 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.15 min 1.00 17.0 to19.08.0 to10.0. . . 0.60 maxA.1 S30323 303Se 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.060 1.00 17.0 to19.08.0 to10.0. . Se0.15min1 S30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0 to20.08.0 to10.51.00 . .1 S30403 304L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0 to20.0
39、8.0 to12.01.00 . .1 S30500 305 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to19.010.5 to13.01.00 . .1 S38400 384 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 15.0 to17.017.0 to19.0. . .1 S20300 XM1 0.08 5.0 to 6.5 0.040 0.18 to0.351.00 16.0 to18.05.0 to6.51.75 to2.250.50 maxA.1 S30430 189LW 0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to19.0
40、8.0 to10.03.0to4.0 . .1 S30433 302HQ 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to19.08.0 to 10.0 3.0 to 4.0 . . . . . .2 S31603 316L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0 to18.010.0 to14.0. . . 2.003.00 . . .2 S31600 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0 to18.010.0 to14.0. . . 2.003.00 . . .3 S32100 321 0.08 2.00 0.0
41、45 0.030 1.00 17.0 to19.09.0 to12.0. . Ti53 Cmin3 S34700 347 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to19.09.0 to13.0. . Cb+Ta10 3 CminFerritic Alloys4 S43000S43020430430F0.120.121.001.250.0400.0600.0300.15 min1.001.0016.0 to18.016.0 to18.0. .0.60 maxA.Martensitic Alloys5 S41000 410 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.
42、00 11.5 to13.5. . . .5 S41600 416 0.15 1.25 0.060 0.15 min 1.00 12.0 to14.0. . . . . . 0.60 maxA.5 S41623 416Se 0.15 1.25 0.060 0.060 1.00 12.0 to14.0. . . Se0.15min6 S43100 431 0.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.0 to17.01.25 to2.50. . .Precipitation Hardening Alloy7 S17400 630 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00
43、 15.0 to17.53.0to5.0 3.0to5.0 . Cb+Ta0.150.45AAt manufacturers option, determined only when intentionally added.Editorially corrected.F594 0913for the specific alloy subject to the Product Analysis Tolerancein Specification A555/A555M.6.3.2 In the event of discrepancy, a referee chemical analy-sis o
44、f samples from each lot shall be made in accordance with14.1.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 The finished fasteners shall meet the applicable me-chanical properties of Table 2 for the specified alloy group andcondition when tested in accordance with the mechanicalproperty requirements as specified herei
45、n (see also Table 3).TABLE 2 Mechanical Property RequirementsAStainless AlloyGroup ConditionBAlloy MechanicalProperty MarkingNominal Diam-eter, in.Proof Stress,Hex Nutsksi, minProof Stress,Heavy Hex Nutsksi, minCRockwellHardnessAustenitic AlloysAF F594A14 to 112 , incl 70 76 B85 max1 A F594B14 to 11
46、2 , incl 75 81 B65 to 95, incl(303, 304, 304L CW1 F594C14 to58 , incl 100 108 B95 to C35, incl305, 384, CW2 F594D34 to 112 , incl 85 92 B80 to C35, inclXM1, 189LW, SH1 F594A14 to58 , incl 120 130 C24 to C36, incl302HQ, 303Se) SH2 F594B34 to 1, incl 110 119 C20 to C32, inclSH3 F594C 118 to 114 , incl
47、 100 108 B95 to C30, inclSH4 F594D 138 to 112 , incl 85 92 B90 to C28, inclAF F594E14 to 112 , incl 70 76 B85 max2 A F594F14 to 112 , incl 75 81 B65 to 95, incl(316) CW1 F594G14 to58 , incl 100 108 B95 to C35, incl316L CW2 F594H34 to 112 , incl 85 92 B80 to C35, inclSH1 F594E14 to58 , incl 120 130 C
48、24 to C36, inclSH2 F594F34 to 1, incl 110 119 C20 to C32, inclSH3 F594G 118 to 114 , incl 100 108 B95 to C30, inclSH4 F594H 138 to 112 , incl 85 92 B90 to C28, inclAF F594J14 to 112 , incl 70 76 B85 max3 A F594K14 to 112 , incl 75 81 B65 to 95, incl(321, 347) CW1 F594L14 to58 , incl 100 108 B95 to C
49、35, inclCW2 F594M34 to 112 , incl 85 92 B80 to C35, inclSH1 F594J14 to58 , incl 120 130 C24 to C36, inclSH2 F594K34 to 1, incl 110 119 C20 to C32, inclSH3 F594L 118 to 114 , incl 100 108 B95 to C30, inclSH4 F594M 138 to 112 , incl 85 92 B90 to C28, inclFerritic Alloys4(430, 430F)ACW1CW2F594NF594VF594W14 to 112 , incl14 to58 , incl34 to 112 , incl55605559655985 maxB75 to 98, inclB65 to 95, inclMartensitic Alloys5(410, 416, 416Se)HHTF594PF594R14 to
