1、Designation: F 710 08Standard Practice forPreparing Concrete Floors to Receive Resilient Flooring1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 710; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the determination of the acceptabil-ity of a concrete floor for the installation of resilient flooring.1.2 Thi
3、s practice includes suggestions for the constructionof a concrete floor to ensure its acceptability for installation ofresilient flooring.1.3 This practice does not cover the adequacy of theconcrete floor to perform its structural requirements.1.4 This practice covers the necessary preparation of co
4、n-crete floors prior to the installation of resilient flooring.1.5 This practice does not supersede in any manner theresilient flooring or adhesive manufacturers written instruc-tions. Consult the individual manufacturer for specific recom-mendations.1.6 Although carpet tiles, carpet, wood flooring,
5、 coatings,films, and paints ae not specifically intended to be included inthe category of resilient floor coverings, the procedures in-cluded in this practice may be useful for preparing concretefloors to receive such finishes.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,
6、if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 5.1, 7.1.1, and7.1.2 for specific warning statements.1.8 The values stated in inch-
7、pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units and are provided for information only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 109/C 109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecime
8、ns)C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC 330 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Struc-tural ConcreteC 332 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Insulat-ing ConcreteC 472 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Gypsum, Gyp-sum Plasters and Gypsum ConcreteD 4259 Practice for
9、Abrading ConcreteD 4263 Test Method for Indicating Moisture in Concrete bythe Plastic Sheet MethodE 631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE 1155 Test Method for Determining FFFloor Flatnessand FLFloor Levelness NumbersE 1486 Test Method for Determining Floor Tolerances Us-ing Waviness, Wheel Path
10、 and Levelness CriteriaE 1643 Practice for Installation of Water Vapor RetardersUsed in Contact with Earth or Granular Fill Under Con-crete SlabsE 1745 Specification for Plastic Water Vapor RetardersUsed in Contact with Soil or Granular Fill under ConcreteSlabsF 141 Terminology Relating to Resilient
11、 Floor CoveringsF 1869 Test Method for Measuring Moisture Vapor Emis-sion Rate of Concrete Subfloor Using Anhydrous CalciumChlorideF 2170 Test Method for Determining Relative Humidity inConcrete Floor Slabs Using in situ ProbesNOTE 1Specifications and test methods for cements and other relatedmateri
12、als are found in ASTM Volume 04.01. Specifications and testmethods for concretes and related materials are found in ASTM Volume04.02.2.2 ACI Guides:3302.1R-06 Guide for Concrete Floor and Slab Construction117R Standard Tolerances for Concrete Construction andMaterials2.3 Resilient Floor Covering Ins
13、titute (RFCI):4Recommended Work Practices for the Removal of ResilientFloor Coverings1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F06 on ResilientFloor Coverings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F06.40 onPractices.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2008. Published January
14、 2008. Originallyapproved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F 710 05.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary
15、 page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Concrete Institute, 19150 Redford Station, Detroit,MI 48219.4Resilient Floor Covering Institute, 966 Hungerford Drive, Rockville, MD20850.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Stat
16、es.2.4 Other Standards:MASTERSPEC Guide Spec Section 03300, “Cast-In-Place Concrete”5SPECTEXT Guide Spec Section 03346, “Concrete FloorFinishing”63. Terminology3.1 Definitions For definitions of terms used in thispractice, see Terminology F 141.3.23.2.1 mat, as in “mat test”a sample of vapor-retarda
17、ntsheet resilient floor finish material or equivalent.3.2.2 moisture vapor emissiona term used by the flooringindustry in the U.S. to measure moisture emission fromconcrete floors in lb/1000 ft2 24 h (56.51 g/(s m2) using theanhydrous calcium chloride test.4. General Guidelines4.1 The installation o
18、f a permanent, effective moisture vaporretarder with a minimum thickness of 0.010 in. and a per-meance of 0.1 y, as described in Specification E 1745 isrequired under all on- or below-grade concrete floors. The useof such a moisture vapor retarder, provided its integrity has notbeen compromised, red
19、uces potential severity of water vaporpenetration. Every concrete floor slab on- or below-grade toreceive resilient flooring shall have a water vapor retarder(often improperly called a vapor barrier) installed directlybelow the slab.4.2 Concrete floors to receive resilient flooring shall bepermanent
20、ly dry, clean, smooth, and structurally sound. Theyshall be free of dust, solvent, paint, wax, oil, grease, residualadhesive, adhesive removers, film-forming curing compounds,silicate penetrating curing compounds, sealing, hardening, orparting compounds, alkaline salts, excessive carbonation orlaite
21、nce, mold, mildew, and other foreign materials that mightprevent adhesive bond.4.3 Surface cracks, grooves, depressions, control joints orother non-moving joints, and other irregularities shall be filledor smoothed with latex patching or underlayment compoundrecommended by the resilient flooring man
22、ufacturer for fillingor smoothing, or both. Patching or underlayment compoundshall be moisture-, mildew-, and alkali-resistant, and, forcommercial installations, shall provide a minimum of 3000 psicompressive strength after 28 days, when tested in accordancewith Test Method C 109 or Test Method C 47
23、2, whichever isappropriate.4.3.1 Joints such as expansion joints, isolation joints, orother moving joints in concrete slabs shall not be filled withpatching compound or covered with resilient flooring. Consultthe resilient flooring manufacturer regarding the use of anexpansion joint covering system.
24、4.4 The surface of the floor shall be cleaned of all loosematerial by scraping, brushing, vacuuming, or other methods,or a combination thereof, as recommended by the resilientflooring manufacturer, immediately before commencing instal-lation of resilient flooring.4.5 Many resilient floorings may not
25、 be installed overconcrete when residual asphalt adhesive residue is present.Consult the resilient flooring manufacturers written recom-mendations concerning use of resilient flooring products inthese situations.4.6 Concrete floors shall be smooth to prevent irregularities,roughness, or other defect
26、s from telegraphing through the newresilient flooring. The surface of concrete floors shall be flat towithin the equivalent of316 in. (3.9 mm) in 10 ft, (as describedin ACI 117R, or as measured by the method described in TestMethod E 1155 or any industry-recognized method specified)and within the eq
27、uivalent of 1/32 in. (0.8 mm) in 12 in. (305mm). See X1.7 for more information regarding flatness mea-surement methods.5. Testing Procedures5.1 Concrete floors to receive resilient flooring shall be freeof dust, solvent, paint, wax, oil, grease, residual adhesive,adhesive removers, sealers, coatings
28、, finishes, dirt, film-forming curing compounds, silicate penetrating curing com-pounds, hardening or parting compounds, alkaline salts, exces-sive carbonation or laitance, mold mildew, and other foreignmaterials which may affect the rate of moisture dissipationfrom the concrete or the adhesion of r
29、esilient flooring to theconcrete. Non-chemical methods for removal, such as abrasivecleaning or bead-blasting, including methods described inPractice D 4259 may be used on existing slabs with deleteriousresidues to achieve an appropriate state for testing. Cleaningshall take place a minimum of 24 h
30、before testing. WarningHydraulic cement used in concrete construction may containtrace amounts of free crystalline silica. Prolonged exposure toairborne free crystalline silica may be a health hazard. Avoidactions that cause dust to become airborne. Use local or generalventilation to control exposur
31、es below applicable exposurelimits.5.2 Moisture TestingAll concrete slabs shall be tested formoisture regardless of age or grade level. For the preferredmoisture testing method and limits, consult the written instruc-tions from the floor covering manufacturer, the adhesivemanufacturer, the patching/
32、underlayment manufacturer, orcombination thereof. In the absence of manufacturers guide-lines, refer to Table 1.5.2.1 Consult the resilient flooring manufacturer, the adhe-sive manufacturer, the underlayment manufacturers writteninstructions, or combination thereof, for their acceptable testmethods.
33、 If these instructions are in conflict, the most stringentrequirements shall apply.5.3 pH TestingConcrete floors shall be tested for pH priorto the installation of resilient flooring. Levels of pH shall not5Available from MASTERSPEC, AIA Master Systems, King Street Station, 225Reinekers Lane, Suite
34、215, Alexandria, VA 22314-2875.6Available from SPECTEXT, National Institute of Building Sciences, 1090Vermont Avenue, NW, Suite 700, Washington, DC 20005-4905.TABLE 1 ASTM Test Methods for Concrete Moisture ReadingTest Method Maximum LimitF 1869 3 lb/1000 ft2(170 g/m2) per 24 hF 2170 75 %F710082exce
35、ed the written recommendations of the resilient flooringmanufacturer or the adhesive manufacturer, or both.5.3.1 To test for pH at the surface of a concrete slab, usewide range pH paper, its associated pH chart, and distilled ordeionized water. Place several drops of water on a cleansurface of concr
36、ete, forming a puddle approximately 1 in. (25mm) in diameter. Allow the puddle to set for 60 6 5 s, then dipthe pH paper into the water. Remove immediately, and com-pare to chart to determine pH reading. Other pH testingmethods such as pH pencils or pH meters, or both, are availableand may be used t
37、o measure pH. Readings below 7.0 and inexcess of 10.0 have been known to affect resilient flooring oradhesives, or both. Refer to resilient flooring manufacturerswritten instructions for guidelines on acceptable testing meth-ods and acceptable pH levels. See X1.4 for more informationabout pH levels
38、in concrete slabs.6. Preparation of New Concrete Floors6.1 New concrete slabs shall be properly cured and dried ortreated before installation of resilient flooring. Drying timebefore slabs are ready for moisture testing will vary dependingon atmospheric conditions and mix design. See X1.3 for morein
39、formation. Floors containing lightweight aggregate or excesswater, and those which are allowed to dry from only one side,such as concrete over a moisture vapor retarder or concrete onmetal deck construction, may need a much longer drying timeand should not be covered with resilient flooring unless t
40、hemoisture vapor emission rate or the percentage of internalrelative humidity meets the manufacturers installation speci-fications.7. Preparation of Existing Concrete Floors7.1 The resilient flooring manufacturer shall be consultedregarding the necessity of removal of old resilient flooring,adhesive
41、 residue, paint, or other surface contaminants. If oldresilient flooring, paint, or adhesive residue is to be removed,follow 7.1.1 and 7.1.2:7.1.1 WarningDo not sand, dry sweep, dry scrape, drill,saw, beadblast, or mechanically chip or pulverize existingresilient flooring, backing, lining felt, pain
42、t, asphaltic cutbackadhesives, or other adhesives. These products may containasbestos fibers or crystalline silica. Avoid creating dust. Inha-lation of such dust is a cancer and respiratory tract hazard.Smoking by individuals exposed to asbestos fibers greatlyincreases the risk of serious bodily har
43、m. Unless positivelycertain that the product is a nonasbestos-containing material,presume that it contains asbestos. Regulations may require thatthe material be tested to determine asbestos content. TheResilient Floor Covering Institutes (RFCIs) recommendedwork practices for removal of existing resi
44、lient floor coveringsshould be consulted for a defined set of instructions addressedto the task of removing all resilient floor covering structures.7.1.2 WarningCertain paints may contain lead. Exposureto excessive amounts of lead dust presents a health hazard.Refer to applicable federal, state, and
45、 local laws and guidelinesfor hazard identification and abatement of lead-based paintpublished by the U.S. Department of Housing and UrbanDevelopment7regarding appropriate methods for identifyinglead-based paint and removing such paint, and any licensing,certification, and training requirements for
46、persons performinglead abatement work.7.2 Adhesive RemoversThere are a number of commercialadhesive removers that will properly remove adhesive residuefrom a subfloor, however, there are concerns that these prod-ucts may adversely effect the new adhesive and new floorcovering. The Resilient Floor Co
47、vering Institutes (RFCIs)recommended work practices for removal of existing resilientfloor coverings and the resilient flooring manufacturers writ-ten instructions should be consulted for a defined set ofinstructions which should be followed if existing adhesivesmust be removed.8. Installation on Ra
48、diant Heated Floors8.1 Most resilient flooring can be installed on radiant heatedslabs providing the maximum temperature of the surface of theslab does not exceed 85F (29C) under any condition of use.Consult the resilient flooring manufacturer for specific recom-mendations.9. Keywords9.1 adhesive re
49、movers; cement; concrete floors; installation;moisture; moisture vapor emissions; pH testing; preparation;resilient flooring; rubber; slabs7Lead-Based Paint: Interim Guidelines for Hazard Identification and Abatementin Public and Indian Housing, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Develop-ment, Washington, DC, 1990.F710083APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. CONCRETE COMPOSITION AND PRACTICESX1.1 GeneralThis brief information on concrete compo-sition and practices is provided to help specifiers, resilientflooring installers, and resilient flooring
