1、Designation: F793 10Standard Classification ofWall Covering by Use Characteristics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F793; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in paren
2、theses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This classification covers the classification of wallcovering by use characteristics, that is, according to itsserviceability in use, recognizing that c
3、ertain wall covering isdesigned primarily for decorative effect, while other wallcovering is also designed to achieve a high degree of service-ability.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that
4、 are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard is used to measure and describe theproperties of materials, products, or assemblies to heat andflame under controlled conditions, but does not by itselfincorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire riskass
5、essment of the materials, products, or assemblies underactual fire conditions.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and deter
6、mine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Productsfor TestingD751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals onClear and Pigmented Organic FinishesD2
7、486 Test Methods for Scrub Resistance of Wall PaintsE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE2404 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting ofTextile, Paper or Polymeric (Including Vinyl) Wall orCeiling Coverings to Assess Surface Burning Characteris-ticsG21 Prac
8、tice for Determining Resistance of Synthetic Poly-meric Materials to Fungi2.2 Federal Standards:3Fed. Std. No. 191A Textile Test Methods (Superseding Fed.Std. No. 191) (Revisions to August 2000)Fed. Spec. CCC-W-408D Wall Covering, Vinyl-Coated(Dated January 1994, Reinstated December 2003)2.3 ICC Cod
9、es:4IBC International Building CodeIFC International Fire Code2.4 NFPA Codes and Standards:5NFPA 101 Life Safety CodeNFPA 265 Methods of Fire Tests for Evaluating Room FireGrowth Contribution of Textile Coverings on Full HeightPanels and WallsNFPA 286 Methods of Fire Tests for Evaluating Contribu-ti
10、on of Wall and Ceiling Interior Finish to Room FireGrowthNFPA 5000 Building Construction and Safety Code2.5 UL Standard:6UL 723 Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Build-ing Materials3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 abrasion resistanceability to withstan
11、d mechanicalaction such as rubbing, scraping, or scrubbing that mayprogressively tend to remove material from the surface of awall covering.3.1.2 blocking resistanceability to resist adhesion orsticking between two surfaces of a wall covering that touchunder uniform loading and temperature condition
12、s for a speci-fied time.3.1.3 breaking strengthability of a wall covering to with-stand a pulling force in the plane of the web.1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.15 onWallcoverings.Current edi
13、tion approved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F793 07. DOI:10.1520/F0793-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStanda
14、rds volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, ATTN: NPODS.4Available from International Code Council (ICC), 5203 Leesburg Pike, Suite600, F
15、alls Church, VA 22041.5Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.6Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, W
16、est Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.4 coating adhesionmeasure of the strength of thebond between the surface coating and the backing or substrateof a wall covering.3.1.5 cold cracking resistanceability to resist cracking ofthe coated or decorative surface when a wall covering is folde
17、dduring exposure to low temperatures.3.1.6 colorfastnessability to resist change or loss of colorresulting from exposure to light.3.1.7 crocking resistanceability to resist transfer of colorfrom a wall covering surface when rubbed.3.1.8 flame spread indexcomparative measure expressedas a dimensionle
18、ss number, derived from visual measurementsof the spread of flame versus time in Test Method E84 (see1.3).3.1.9 heat aging resistanceability to resist deterioration ofthe coated or decorative surface when a wall covering isexposed to elevated temperatures over an extended period.3.1.10 mildew-resist
19、ant wall coveringwall covering thathas been treated to deter the growth of fungi (mildew) on thedecorative surface.3.1.11 peelable wall coveringwall covering from whichthe decorative surface may be dry-peeled from the substrate,leaving a continuous layer of the substrate on the wall, whenthe wall co
20、vering has been installed and peeled in accordancewith the manufacturers instructions.3.1.12 scrubbabilityability of a wall covering to with-stand scrubbing with a brush and a prescribed detergentsolution.3.1.13 shrinkabilitychange in the dimension of the wallcovering after wetting it and drying it.
21、3.1.14 smoke developed indexcomparative measure ex-pressed as a dimensionless number, derived from measure-ments of smoke obscuration versus time in Test Method E84.3.1.15 stain resistanceability of a wall covering to showno appreciable change in appearance after application andremoval of specified
22、reagents.3.1.16 strippable wall coveringwall covering that can bedry-stripped from the wall after having been installed andstripped in accordance with the manufacturers instructions,leaving a minimum of product residue on the wall and withoutdamage to the wall surface.3.1.17 tear strengthability of
23、a wall covering to resist thepropagation of an existing tear.3.1.18 wall coveringflexible product designed to coverwalls and ceilings for decorative or functional purposes, orboth.3.1.19 washabilityability of a wall covering to withstandoccasional sponging with a prescribed detergent solution.4. Sig
24、nificance and Use4.1 This classification provides criteria by which wall cov-ering of appropriate use characteristics can be chosen forparticular residential and commercial decorating applications.5. Basis of Classification5.1 Wall covering is classified based on its performance intests for:Abrasion
25、 resistanceBlocking resistanceBreaking strengthCoating adhesionCold cracking resistanceColorfastnessCrocking resistanceHeat aging resistanceMaximum flame spread indexMaximum shrinkageMaximum smoke developed indexOther flammability characteristicsScrubbabilityStain resistanceTear resistanceWashabilit
26、y5.2 Wall covering shall be classified in accordance with theperformance criteria listed in Table 1 when tested in accor-dance with the appropriate test methods in Section 7.5.2.1 Category I, Decorative OnlyWall covering manu-factured for decorative purposes that can be hung withoutdamage in accorda
27、nce with the manufacturers instructions.5.2.2 Category II, Decorative with Medium ServiceabilityWall covering primarily decorative but more washable andcolorfast than Category I wall covering.5.2.3 Category III, Decorative with High ServiceabilityWall covering manufactured for medium use, where abra
28、sionresistance, stain resistance, scrubbability, and increased color-fastness are necessary. Category III wall covering must alsomeet breaking strength and crocking resistance criteria.5.2.4 Category IV, Type I Commercial ServiceabilityWallcovering manufactured for use where higher abrasion resis-ta
29、nce, stain resistance, and scrubbability are necessary in heavyconsumer and light commercial use. Category IV wall coveringmust also meet crocking resistance, tear resistance, blockingresistance, cold cracking resistance, heat aging resistance, andbreaking strength criteria. Wall covering meets Type
30、 I perfor-mance as defined by Fed. Spec. CCC-W-408D.5.2.5 Category V, Type II Commercial ServiceabilityWallcovering manufactured for use where better wearing qualitiesare required and exposure to wear is greater than normal.Category V wall covering must meet high abrasion resistance,stain resistance
31、, and colorfastness criteria, in addition to highercrocking resistance, tear resistance, and breaking strengthcriteria than Categories I to IV. Blocking resistance, coldcracking resistance, coating adhesion, and heat aging resistancetests also apply. Wall covering meets Type II performance asdefined
32、 by Fed. Spec. CCC-W-408D.5.2.6 Category VI, Type III Commercial ServiceabilityWall covering manufactured for use in heavy traffic areas.Category VI wall covering must meet highest abrasion resis-tance, stain resistance, tear resistance, colorfastness, crockingresistance, and breaking strength crite
33、ria. Blocking resistance,coating adhesion, cold cracking resistance, and heat agingresistance tests also apply. Wall covering meets Type IIIperformance as defined by Fed. Spec. CCC-W-408D.5.3 Wall covering required to exhibit a flammability classi-fication shall be tested and classified as a “Class
34、A, B, or CInterior Finish” in accordance one of the codes below:5.3.1 Chapter 10 of NFPA 101, Life Safety Code,5.3.2 Chapter 10 of NFPA 5000, Building Construction andSafety Code,F793 1025.3.3 Chapter 8 of IBC, International Building Code, and5.3.4 Chapter 8 of IFC, International Fire Code.5.3.5 Tes
35、t Method E84 is suitable for assessing the flamespread index and smoke developed index of a wall covering.When a wall covering is tested using Test Method E84,itisclassified by the codes as follows:5.3.5.1 A Class A material exhibits a flame spread index nogreater than 25 and a smoke developed index
36、 no greater than450,5.3.5.2 A Class B material exhibits a flame spread indexgreater than 25 but no greater 75 and a smoke developed indexno greater than 450, and5.3.5.3 A Class C material exhibits a flame spread indexgreater than 75 but no greater than 200 and a smoke developedindex no greater than
37、450.5.3.6 Tests conducted in accordance with with UL 723 arelikely to produce results that are consistent with those producedfrom tests in accordance with Test Method E84.5.3.7 If textile, paper, or vinyl wall coverings are tested inaccordance with Test Method E84, the tests shall be conductedusing
38、the specimen preparation and mounting methods con-tained in Practice E2404.5.3.8 Tests conducted in accordance with NFPA 286,aroom-corner fire test, and exhibiting pass/fail criteria of heatrelease and smoke release as shown in the codes are permittedto be used wherever wall covering materials are r
39、equired tomeet a classification of Class A, B, or C in accordance withTest Method E84.5.3.9 Tests conducted on textile wall coverings or onexpanded vinyl wall coverings in accordance with NFPA 265,a room-corner fire test, and exhibiting pass/fail criteria of heatrelease and flashover as shown in the
40、 codes are permitted to beused, with some restrictions, wherever such wall coveringmaterials are required to meet a classification of Class A, B, orC, in accordance with Test Method E84.5.3.10 Local authorities having jurisdiction, including trans-portation authorities, are entitled to develop speci
41、fic flamespread index, smoke developed index, or other flammabilitycriteria, different from those in the codes described.5.4 Wall covering described as peelable shall be capable ofhaving the decorative surface removed as a discrete self-supporting film by a dry method defined by the manufacturer,lea
42、ving a surface that is either removable in the conventionalmanner or able to be left on the wall for rehanging.5.5 Wall covering described as strippable shall be capable ofbeing dry-stripped in accordance with the manufacturersinstructions without leaving appreciable residue or otherwisedamaging the
43、 wall.5.6 Wall covering described as mildew-resistant shall beprotected to resist fungi (mildew) growth on the decorativesurface to achieve a rating of 0 or 1 when tested in accordancewith Practice G21.6. Labeling6.1 Either of the following statements is suggested for use inrepresenting products as
44、conforming to all requirements of thisclassification:6.1.1 “This Category _ (descriptive phrase) wall coveringconforms to all requirements established in Standard Classifi-cation of Wall Covering by Use Characteristics ASTM F793.Full responsibility for the conformance of this product to thestandard
45、is assumed by (name and address of manufacturer ordistributor);” or6.1.2 “Conforms to ASTM F793, Category _ (descriptivephrase) (name and address of manufacturer or distributor).”TABLE 1 Classification CriteriaPropertySectionReferenceCategory IDecorativeOnlyCategory IIDecorativewith MediumServiceabi
46、lityCategory IIIDecorativewith HighServiceabilityCategory IVType ICommercialServiceabilityCategory VType IICommercialServiceabilityCategory VIType IIICommercialServiceabilityMinimum colorfastness 7.3 23 h 46 h 200 h 200 h 200 hMinimum washability 7.4 100 cycles 100 cycles 100 cycles 100 cycles 100 c
47、yclesMinimum scrubbability 7.7 50 cycles 200 cycles 300 cycles 500 cyclesMinimum abrasion resistance 7.8 200 cycles(220 grit)300 cycles(220 grit)1000 cycles(220 grit)Minimum breaking strengthMD (machine direction)CMD (cross machine direction)7.9 40 lb30 lb50 lb55 lb100 lb95 lbMinimum crocking resist
48、ance 7.6 good good good goodMinimum stain resistance 7.5 Reagents 1 to 9 Reagents 1 to 9 Reagents 1 to 12 Reagents 1 to 12Minimum tear resistanceA7.10 192 gf 400 gf 800 gfMaximum blocking resistance 7.11 22Minimum coating adhesion 7.12 2 lb/in 3 lb/in. 3 lb/in.Minimum cold cracking resistance 7.13 n
49、o change no change no changeMinimum heat aging resistance 7.14 pass pass passMaximum flame spread index (Class A) 5.2 25 25 25 25 25Maximum smoke developed 5.2 450 450 450 450 450Index (Class A)Other Flammability 5.2 No flashover and heat release and smoke release as required by the codes in accordance withNFPA 286 (any wall covering) or NFPA 265 (textile and expanded vinyl wall coverings)Maximum shrinkageMD (machine direction)CMD (cross machine direction)7.19212121.5AThe “gf” is an abbreviation for gram force, consistent with pounds force as lbf.F793
