1、Designation: F 857 07Standard Specification forHot Water Sanitizing Commercial Dishwashing Machines,Stationary Rack Type1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 857; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers m
3、anually fed, spray-type, sta-tionary rack, automatically controlled, commercial dishwash-ing machines.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not con
4、sidered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 29/A 29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon andAlloy,Hot-Wrought, General Requirements forA 120 Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped,Zinc Coated (Galvanized) Welded and Seamless, for Or-dinary Uses3A 167 Specification for
5、 Stainless and Heat-ResistingChromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and StripA 276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesA 436 Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron CastingsA 554 Specification for Welded Stainless Steel MechanicalTubingA 582/A 582M Specification for Free-Machining Stainless
6、Steel BarsB43 Specification for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, StandardSizesB75 Specification for Seamless Copper TubeB 127 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNSN04400) Plate, Sheet, and StripF 760 Specification for Food Service Equipment ManualsF 861 Specification for Commercial Dishwashing Racks2.2
7、 Federal Regulations:OSHA Title 2942.3 American National Standards:5ANSI S1.4 Specification for Sound Level MetersANSI S1.13 Methods for the Measurement of Sound Pres-sure Levels2.4 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Stan-dards:6NEMA ICS Industrial Controls and SystemsNEMA MG-1 Motors and
8、 Generators2.5 National Fire Protection Association Standards:7NFPA No. 70 National Electrical Code2.6 NSF International Standards, Criteria, and Listings:8NSF/ANSI 3 Commercial Warewashing EquipmentNSF 5 Commercial Hot Water Generating EquipmentNSF 29 Detergent/Chemical Feeders for CommercialSpray-
9、Type Dishwashing MachinesNSF/ANSI 51 Plastic Materials and Components Used inFood EquipmentNSF Food Equipment and Related Products, Components,and Materials2.7 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:9UL 921 Commercial Electric DishwashersUL 1453 Electric Booster and Commercial Storage TankWater Heaters2
10、.8 American Society of Sanitary Engineering Standards:10ASSE 1004 Dishwashers3. Terminology3.1 Definition:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on FoodService Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.01 onCleaning and Sanitation Equipment.Current e
11、dition approved April 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originallyapproved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F 857 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume inform
12、ation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter XVII, Part 1910, available fromSuperintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.5Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St.,
13、13thFloor, New York, NY 10036.6Available from National Electrical ManufacturersAssn., 2101 “L” Street, N.W.,Washington, DC 20037.7Available from National Fire ProtectionAssn., Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA02269.8Available from NSF International, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI48105-9723.9Available
14、 from Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, North-brook, IL 60062.10Available fromAmerican Society of Sanitary Engineering, P. O. Box 9712 BayVillage, OH 44140.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.1 comm
15、ercial dishwashing machines, nmachines thatuniformly wash, rinse, and sanitize eating and drinking uten-sils.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe machines shall be capable of re-moving physical soil from properly racked and pre-scrapeditems and sanitizing multiple-use eating and drinking utensils.The dishwashing m
16、achines shall consist of the followingprincipal parts: legs, wash chamber hood, tank, doors, sprayassemblies, pumps, motors, controls, piping, valves, heatingequipment, and accessories.4. Classification4.1 GeneralDishwashing machines shall be of the follow-ing types, styles, classes, size, and capac
17、ity group as specified.4.2 Types:4.2.1 Type I (Straight-Through Model)This machine isused in line with table on each side.4.2.2 Type II (Corner Model)This machine is used incorner placement forming a 90 side.4.3 Styles and Classes:4.3.1 Style 1 (Steam Heated)Low pressure steam 10 to 15psi (68.9 to 1
18、03.4 kPa) flowing pressure at point of machineconnection.4.3.1.1 Class AInjector.4.3.1.2 Class BHeat exchange coil.4.3.2 Style 2 (Electrically heated).4.3.3 Style 3 (Gas-heated):4.3.3.1 Class CNatural Gas.4.3.3.2 Class DLP Gas.4.4 Size and Capacity,1934 by 1934 in. (nominal) racks atminimum of 50 ra
19、cks per hour. (See Specification F 861).4.5 All dishwashing machines of the same classification,model, or material list designation furnished with similaroptions under a specific purchase order shall be identical to theextent necessary to ensure interchangeability of componentparts, assemblies, acce
20、ssories, and spare parts.5. Ordering Information5.1 Purchasers should select the preferred options permittedin this specification and include the following information inthe procurement document:5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this standard;5.1.2 Type, style, class, and size machine required (see 4
21、.1);5.1.3 Noise level requirements, if other than specified (see11.2);5.1.4 When a service-supply valve is required (see 7.4);5.1.5 When a standard 40F (22C) temperature rise steam,or electric, or gas booster is required, or stipulate if the requiredtemperature rise is more than 40F (22C) (see 7.13)
22、;5.1.6 Electrical power supply characteristics (current, volt-age, phase, frequency) (see Section 8);5.1.7 When a detergent feeder is required (see 7.14);5.1.8 When a rinse agent feeder is required (see 7.15);5.1.9 Accessory equipment, spare and maintenance partsrequired, as suggested by manufacture
23、r,5.1.10 Treatment and painting if other than specified (seeSection 10);5.1.11 When energy consumption profiles, water consump-tion profiles, or productivity profiles are desired (see 12.3); and5.1.12 Manufacturers certification, when required (see Sec-tion 13).6. Materials and Design6.1 All materia
24、ls shall be specified as follows:6.1.1 Materials used shall be free from defects that wouldadversely affect the performance or maintainability of indi-vidual components of the overall assembly. The dishwashingmachines shall meet the material, design, and constructionrequirements of NSF/ANSI 3.6.1.2
25、Corrosion-Resistant SteelCorrosion-resistant steelshall conform to the requirements of any 300 series stainlesssteel specified in 2.1.6.1.3 Corrosion-Resisting MaterialCorrosion-resistingmaterial is other than corrosion resistant steel that is equivalentin the dishwasher application.6.1.4 Nickel-Cop
26、per AlloyNickel-copper alloys shall con-form to the requirements of Specification B 127.6.1.5 PlasticsAll plastic materials and components usedin the dishmachine rinse system shall conform to NSF/ANSI 3or NSF/ANSI 51.7. Construction Requirements Construction Requirements7.1 The dishwashing machine s
27、hall be complete so thatwhen connected to the specified source of power, water supply,heating means (steam, electric, or gas), drainage, detergent,and rinse agent feeder as applicable, the unit can be used for itsintended function. Dishwashers shall be rigid, quiet in opera-tion, free from objection
28、able vibration, and so constructed as toprevent objectionable splashing of water or overflow of waterto the outside of the machine. Parts requiring adjustment shallbe readily accessible. Parts requiring service shall be acces-sible. The machine shall wash dishes by means of a water anddetergent solu
29、tion pumped from a tank, and shall final rinse thedishes with fresh water from an outside source. Provisionsshall be made to fill the wash tank either directly from theregular hot water supply with a hand valve or through thebooster or solenoid, or both. The wash, dwell, and rinse cyclesshall be aut
30、omatically controlled. A light or equivalent shall beprovided to indicate when the machine is in operation. Ma-chines shall be provided with tracks of corrosion-resisting steelnot less than 0.070 in. thick, or other suitable corrosion-resisting material. Dishwashers shall have an inside workingheigh
31、t, including the door opening (or clearance) of not lessthan 16 in.7.2 Piping, Tubing, Fittings, and Valves (Installation)Connections shall be readily accessible to facilitate installationand maintenance. Piping, tubing, and valves shall be located,whenever possible, on the exterior of the machine.
32、SeeSpecificationsA 29/A 29M,A 120,A 167,A 276,A 554, B 43,and B 75.7.3 Piping and FittingsWater, steam piping, and fittingsshall be of corrosion-resisting material. Fresh water supply tothe tank shall be discharged not lower than 2 in. (50.8 mm)above the maximum flood level rim, or an effective air
33、gap orvacuum breaker shall be installed to prevent backflow. Back-flow protection shall be in accordance with ASSE 1004. Thedrain and other plumbing connections shall be standard pipe orF857072tubing connections. Drainage piping shall be corrosion-resisting material, or suitable heat-resisting plast
34、ic material.Drains may be joined into a single trunk line requiring only oneconnection or arranged to permit individual connections to thewaste line.7.4 ValvesSteam valves shall be corrosion-resisting ma-terial designed for steam applications and for a saturated steamworking pressure of 50 psi (344.
35、6 kPa). When specified, aseparately packed service supply valve shall be provided forclosing the supply of water to the dishwasher. The drain valveshall be permanently marked to show “open” and “closed”positions and shall be lever-operated or wheel-operated, rug-gedly designed for foot or hand opera
36、tion except when drainvalve closure is automatic. Fresh water rinse valves shall bereliable and fully automatic and suitable for 210F (98.9C)water. The manually operated valves, when used, shall beidentified.7.5 Spray AssembliesAll spray nozzles and spray armmanifolds shall be of corrosion-resisting
37、 materials (see Speci-fication A 582/A 582M). All spray assemblies shall be remov-able without the use of tools and shall be easily cleanable oreasily cleanable in place.7.6 TankThe tank shall be constructed of not less than0.055 in. corrosion-resistant steel, or other corrosion-resistingmaterial.7.
38、7 OverflowThe dishwashers shall have a readily acces-sible overflow drain in the tank. The overflow unit, or cover,when provided, shall be removable for cleaning.7.8 Scrap Trays (Strainers)Scrap trays of corrosion-resistant steel, not less than 0.044 in. thick, or other corrosion-resisting material
39、shall be provided to prevent insoluble matterand large pieces of food residue from passing into the tank. Theledges on which the scrap trays rest shall be so designed thatsurfaces beneath the ledges are easily accessible for cleaningwhen the trays are removed. Any opening around or betweenscrap tray
40、s shall be held to a minimum, and shall be held asclose as practical to the size of the scrap tray opening.7.9 Access Door(s)Door and door frames shall be con-structed of not less than 0.044 in. corrosion-resistant steel, orother corrosion resisting material, and shall be rigid andstiffened as neces
41、sary. Loading and unloading door(s) shall becounterbalanced and, when in the open position, shall electri-cally interlock the machine so that it cannot operate. Openingthe door during operation shall automatically stop the machine.Door catch(es) shall be provided on inspection door(s) notcounterbala
42、nced. The chain-operated counterbalanced door(s),when provided, shall have the door chain fastened at thecounter-weight by means of an idler pulley. Door(s) shall besplashproof and their exposed edges shall be smooth andformed to prevent canting or warping.7.10 Legs (Feet)The machine shall be rigidl
43、y constructedand have four or more legs (feet) made of corrosion-resistantsteel, or other corrosion-resisting material. Legs shall beadjustable, so that the height of the track may be varied from34 to 35 in. (863.6 to 889 mm) above the floor.7.11 Pump and Motor Assemblies:7.11.1 AssembliesThe pump m
44、otor shall be mounted onthe tank or on a rigid steel base. Rotary seals shall be providedfor pump shafts and shall be removable for servicing.7.11.2 Pump (see Specification A 436)Pump casings shallbe cast iron or corrosion-resisting material and shall have aremovable cover or inspection plate, or be
45、 of such a design asto permit ease of accessibility for inspection and removal offoreign items from the impeller and interior. The pump shalleither be self-draining or equipped with means for draining.The shaft shall be of corrosion-resistant steel, properly alignedand supported. The impeller shall
46、be corrosion-resisting mate-rial or iron alloy and shall be in dynamic balance. The pumpshall have at least two ball or roller bearings, except that whenthe pump and motor are mounted on the same shaft, at leasttwo ball or roller bearings shall be provided for the motor andpump. The pump suction int
47、ake shall be provided with acorrosion-resistant strainer or shroud.7.12 HeatingStyle 1, 2, and 3 machines shall be capableof maintaining required temperature levels in the tank.7.12.1 Style 1Style 1 machines shall be suitable foroperation with a steam supply flow pressure of from 10 to 15psi (68.9 t
48、o 103.4 kPa). Temperature regulators shall beprovided for maintaining the proper water temperature in thetank. Low water protection shall be provided. Steam heat willbe provided by tube type heat exchangers, steam injectors, ora combination of both. The minimum operating pressure shallbe specified b
49、y the manufacturer and the maximum operatingpressure shall not exceed 15 psi (103.4 kPa).7.12.2 Style 2Style 2 machines shall be equipped withelectric heater elements and sheaths of 300 series corrosion-resistant steel or other corrosion resisting material. They shallbe provided with temperature regulators for maintaining theproper water temperature in the tank. Low water protectionshall be provided.7.12.3 Style 3Style 3 machines shall be equipped with agas burner assembly including safety pilots (or equivalent),shut-off valves, and flue suitable
