1、Designation: F 894 07An American National StandardStandard Specification forPolyethylene (PE) Large Diameter Profile Wall Sewer andDrain Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 894; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methodsfor materials, dimensions, workm
3、anship, ring stiffness, flatten-ing, joint systems, and a form of marking for large diameter, 10to 120 in. (250 to 3050 mm), inside diameter based polyeth-ylene (PE) pipe of profile wall construction and with bell andspigot, heat fusion, extrusion welded or elctrofusion joints foruse in gravity flow
4、 applications, such as for sewers and drains.NOTE 1Pipe produced to this specification should be installed inaccordance with Practice D 2321 and with the manufacturers recommen-dations.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values in parentheses are provided
5、 forinformation only.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 8, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establi
6、sh appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2122 Test Method for Determin
7、ing Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD 2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermo-plastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applica-tionsD 2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD 2657 Practice for He
8、at Fusion Joining of Polyolefin Pipeand FittingsD 2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic DesignBasis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure DesignBasis for Thermoplastic Pipe ProductsD 3212 Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer PlasticPipes Using Flexible Elastomeric SealsD 3350 Spe
9、cification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe andFittings MaterialsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF 477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) forJoining Plastic PipeF 585 Practice for Insertion of Flexible Polyethylene PipeInto Existing SewersF 1290 Practice for Electrofusio
10、n Joining Polyolefin Pipeand Fittings2.2 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)32.3 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology F 412 and abbreviations are in accordance
11、with Termi-nology D 1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviationfor polyethylene is PE.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 closed profile (CP)a profile wall pipe wall construc-tion that presents essentially smooth internal and externalsurfaces.3.2.2 extrusion weldinga join
12、ing technique that is accom-plished by extruding a molten polyethylene bead between twoprepared surface ends.3.2.3 gravity flow, nfor the purposes of the specification,gravity flow means a piping system flowing less than full,except during storms or high flow conditions when the systemmay become sur
13、charged in which case, the system is subject totemporary internal hydrostatic pressure that is limited to jointcapabilities. See Section 7.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.26 on OlefinBas
14、ed Pipe.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2007. Published February 2007. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F 894 06.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStan
15、dards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoh
16、ocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.4 open profile (OP)a profile wall pipe wall construc-tion that presents an essentially smooth internal surface with aribbed or corrugated external surface.3.2.5 profile walla pipe wall construction that presents anessentially smooth surface in the waterway but
17、 includes ribs orother shapes, which can be either solid or hollow, that helpbrace the pipe against diametrical deformation (see Fig. 1).3.2.6 ring stiffness constant (RSC)the value obtained bydividing the parallel plate load in pounds per foot of pipelength, by the resulting deflection, in percent,
18、 at 3 % deflection.The ring stiffness constant (RSC) that is used in this specifi-cation to classify pipe is a measure of the pipes deformationresistance to diametrical point loading, such as is experiencedduring handling and installation. A pipe should resist theseloads sufficiently well to allow i
19、ts installation to prescribeddeflection limits.4. Classifications and Uses4.1 UsesThe requirements of this specification are in-tended to provide pipe suitable for underground or overgroundgravity flow drainage of sewage, surface water, and industrialwaste.NOTE 2Industrial waste disposal lines shoul
20、d be installed only uponthe specific approval of the governing code, or other authority, and afterdetermining the suitability of the product under the anticipated environ-ment, temperature, and other end-use conditions. Users should consult themanufacturer for the required product information.4.2 Cl
21、assificationsThis specification covers PE profilewall pipe products made in six standard ring stiffness constant(RSC) classifications, namely 40, 63, 100, and 160, 250 and400. These are referred to as RSC 40, RSC 63, RSC 100, RSC160, RSC 250 and RSC 400.NOTE 3Other RSC classifications may be supplie
22、d, as agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the manufacturer, provided that such productcomplies in every other respect with the applicable dimensional tolerancesand testing requirements of this specification.4.3 Joining Systems:4.3.1 Bell and Spigot, Gasketed TypeSeal is affected by agasket compress
23、ed between the spigot and billed ends of thepipe (see Fig. 2).4.3.2 Bell and Spigot, Extrusion Weld TypeSeal is affectedby extrusion welding (3.2.2) of the bell and spigot pipe ends(see Fig. 2).4.3.3 Heat FusionHeat fusion joints are in accordancewith Practice D 2657. Seal is affected by joining mol
24、ten pipeends under controlled temperature and pressure (see Fig. 3).4.3.4 Plain End Extrusion WeldSeal is effected by extru-sion welding prepared plain ends of the pipe (see Fig. 4).4.3.5 Electrofusion Bell the nominal pipe size, in inches; the legend PEsewer and drain pipe; the RSC classification;
25、either thethermoplastic material designation code or the cell classifica-tion number in accordance with Specification D 3350; theF894076manufacturers name, trade name, or trademark and the manu-facturers production code, identifying plant location, machineand date of manufacture.12. Packaging12.1 Al
26、l pipe, unless otherwise specified, shall be packed orloaded onto a carrier, for standard commercial shipment.13. Quality Assurance13.1 When the product is marked with this designation,F 894, the manufacturer affirms that the product was manufac-tured, inspected, sampled, and tested in accordance wi
27、th thisspecification and has been found to meet the requirements ofthis specification.SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSGOVERNMENT/MILITARY PROCUREMENTThese requirements apply only to Federal/Military procurement, not domestic sales or transfers.S1. Responsibility for InspectionUnless otherwise speci-fied i
28、n the contract or purchase order, the producer is respon-sible for the performance of all inspection and test require-ments specified herein. The producer may use his own or anyother suitable facilities for the performance of the inspectionand test requirements specified herein, unless the purchaser
29、disapproves. The purchaser shall have the right to perform anyof the inspections and tests set forth in this specification wheresuch inspections are deemed necessary to ensure that materialconforms to prescribed requirements.NOTE S1.1In U.S. Federal contracts, the contractor is responsible forinspec
30、tion.S2. Packaging and Marking for U.S. Government Procure-ment:S2.1 PackagingUnless otherwise specified in the contract,the materials shall be packaged in accordance with the suppli-ers standard practice in a manner ensuring arrival at destina-tion in satisfactory condition and which will be accept
31、able tothe carrier at lowest rates. Containers and packing shall complywith Uniform Freight Classification rules or National MotorFreight Classification rules.S2.2 MarkingMarking for shipment shall be in accor-dance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies and MIL-STD-129 for military agencies.NOTE
32、 S2.1The inclusion of U.S. Government procurement require-ments should not be construed as an indication that the U.S. Governmentuses or endorses the products described in this document.APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. RELATION OF RSC TO PIPE PROPERTIES AND PIPE STIFFNESSX1.1 The RSC, as dete
33、rmined by the method specified inthis specification, is related to the pipe materials effectivemodulus of elasticity (E) and moment of inertia (I) of the pipewall by the following equation:RSC 5 6.44 EI/D2(X1.1)where:RSC = experimentally derived value (in units of poundsload per foot of pipe per per
34、cent reduction of pipediameter normal to the applied load) of a parallelplate applied load divided by the resultant relativedecrease in pipe diameter,E = effective modulus of elasticity of pipe materialunder conditions of testing (psi),I = pipe wall moment of inertia (in.4/in.), andD = mean pipe dia
35、meter (in.).X1.1.1 The RSC, as measured by this test, is related to pipestiffness (PS) as derived in accordance with the requirements ofTest Method D 2412 by the following equation:PS 5 C 38.337 RSC!D(X1.2)where:PS = pipe stiffness (psi) at 5 % and at12 in./min,RSC = as defined in X1.2,D = as define
36、d in X1.2, andC = factor to adjust the calculated pipe stiffness tovalues obtainable by testing in accordance with TestMethod D 2412.X1.2 The adjustment factor will vary in accordance withmaterial, pipe size, and geometrical configuration of the pipewall. An approximate value is 0.80. For specific p
37、roducts,consult the manufacturer for the most appropriate adjustmentfactor. Tabulated values for the minimum pipe stiffness for thespecified RSCs are shown in Table X1.1. This table representsminimum values only, and for specific products, consult theF894077manufacturer for the appropriate value.X1.
38、3 It has been demonstrated that pipe stiffness is not acontrolling factor in design of buried polyethylene pipingsystems installed in accordance with Practice D 2321 orequivalent recommended practices (115)5Control of deflec-tion is achieved primarily through control of the earthworksurrounding buri
39、ed systems. Practice D 2321 should be fol-lowed to achieve this control.X1.4 When polyethylene pipe is to be installed by insertioninto older existing pipes or is to be laid where no support fromthe surrounding environment is possible. Practice F 585 shouldbe considered.X1.5 The design factors that
40、are important to the long-termperformance of buried polyethylene pipe and that should beconsidered by the engineer include:X1.5.1 Allowable wall compressive strength,X1.5.2 Buckling resistance,X1.5.3 Allowable strain, andX1.5.4 Allowable long-term deflection.X2. BASE INSIDE DIAMETER FOR CALCULATION
41、OF DEFLECTION LIMITSX2.1 Table X2.1 is provided to establish a uniform numberrepresenting the inside diameter, to be used as a base forcalculation of deflection limits. For the purpose of monitoringthe quality of installation, a specifier may apply a deflectionlimit that he deems appropriate to the
42、base inside diameter toarrive at a minimum acceptable diameter.X2.2 The base inside diameter is not a product qualitycontrol requirement, nor should it be used for flow calculations.X2.3 The base inside diameter is derived by subtracting atolerance package from the pipes average inside diameter,Di(i
43、nches). The tolerance package is defined as follows:Tolerance Package 5 =A21 B2where:A = tolerance on average inside diameter from Table 1, andB = out-of-roundness tolerance = 0.03 Di, in. (mm).X2.4 The minimum acceptable diameter for deflection isobtained by reducing the base inside diameter by the
44、 allowabledeflection. This procedure is demonstrated here for the 712 %recommended limit of Appendix X3 (example: (100 % 7.5 %)/100 %) 3 17.42 = 16.11).5The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis specification.TABLE X1.1 Minimum Pipe Stiffness for Specified
45、 RSCS (psi)APipeDiameterRSC 40 RSC 63 RSC 100 RSC 16010 24.5 38.2 61.3 98.112 19.7 30.7 49.3 78.915 15.2 23.7 38.1 60.918 12.9 20.2 32.2 51.621 11.0 17.4 27.8 44.424 9.8 15.3 24.4 39.027 8.6 13.7 21.7 34.730 7.8 12.3 19.5 31.233 7.1 11.2 17.8 28.436 6.6 10.2 16.2 25.840 5.9 9.3 14.8 23.742 5.6 8.8 1
46、4.1 22.648 4.9 7.7 12.3 19.754 4.3 6.9 11.0 17.760 3.9 6.2 9.8 15.866 3.6 5.6 9.0 14.372 3.3 5.2 8.3 13.378 3.0 4.8 7.7 12.384 2.8 4.4 7.0 11.390 2.6 4.2 6.6 10.696 2.5 3.8 6.2 9.8108 2.2 3.4 5.5 8.8120 2.0 3.1 5.0 7.9AMinimum pipe stiffness will vary by manufacturer based on differences in pipewall
47、 geometry.TABLE X2.1 Base Inside Diameters and Minimum AcceptableDiameter for 7.5 % DeflectionNominalPipe Size,in. (mm)Average InsideDiameter, in.(mm)Base InsideDiameter,in. (mm)Minimum AcceptableDiameter for7.5 % Deflectionin. (mm)10 ( 250) 10.00 ( 254.0) 9.52 ( 241.8) 8.81 ( 223.8)12 ( 300) 12.00
48、( 304.8) 11.48 ( 291.6) 10.62 ( 269.7)15 ( 380) 15.00 ( 381.0) 14.41 ( 366.0) 13.33 ( 338.6)18 ( 460) 18.00 ( 457.2) 17.34 ( 440.4) 16.04 ( 407.4)21 ( 530) 21.00 ( 533.4) 20.26 ( 514.6) 18.74 ( 476.0)24 ( 610) 24.00 ( 609.6) 23.19 ( 589.0) 21.45 ( 544.8)27 ( 690) 27.00 ( 685.8) 26.11 ( 663.2) 24.15
49、( 613.4)30 ( 760) 30.00 ( 762.0) 29.02 ( 737.1) 26.84 ( 681.7)33 ( 840) 33.00 ( 838.2) 31.94 ( 811.3) 29.54 ( 750.3)36 ( 910) 36.00 ( 914.4) 34.86 ( 885.4) 32.25 ( 819.2)40 (1020) 40.00 (1016.0) 38.74 ( 984.0) 35.83 ( 910.1)42 (1070) 42.00 (1066.8) 40.67 (1033.0) 37.62 ( 955.5)48 (1220) 48.00 (1219.2) 46.48 (1180.6) 42.99 (1091.9)54 (1370) 54.00 (1371.6) 52.29 (1328.2) 48.37 (1228.6)60 (1520) 60.00 (1524.0) 58.10 (1475.7) 53.74 (1365.0)66 (1680) 66.00 (1676.4) 63.91 (1623.3) 59.12 (1501.6)72 (1830) 72.00 (1828.8) 69.72 (1770.9) 64.49 (1638.0)78 (198
