1、Designation: F 953 94 (Reapproved 2003)Standard Specification forCommercial Dishwashing Machines (Stationary Rack, DumpType) Chemical Sanitizing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 953; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in t
2、he case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers manually fed, spray-type, sta-tionary rack, automatically
3、controlled, dump type, chemicalsanitizing commercial dishwashing machines.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:A 167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-ResistingChromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip2A 276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes2A 554 Specification for Welded
4、 Stainless Steel MechanicalTubing3A 582/A 582M Specification for Free-Machining StainlessSteel Bars2B 127 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNSNO4400) Plate, Sheet, and Strip4F 760 Specification for Food Service Equipment Manuals52.2 OSHA Standard:6Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), C
5、hapterXVII, Part 19102.3 NSF Standards:7ANSI/NSF 3 Commercial Spray-Type Dishwashing andGlasswashing MachinesANSI/NSF 29 Detergent/Chemical Feeders for CommercialSpray-Type Dishwashing MachinesNSF Listing Food Equipment2.4 UL Standards:8UL 921 Commercial Electric DishwashersUL 969 Marking and Labeli
6、ng Systems2.5 ASSE Standard:9Std. No. 1004 Dishwashers2.6 ANSI Standard:10301 Preferred Diameters of Wire Terminations of Capaci-tors and Resistors3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 commercial dishwashing machinesmachines thatuniformly wash, rinse, and sanitize eating and drinking uten-sils. The ma
7、chines shall be capable of removing physical soiland sanitizing multiple use eating and drinking utensils. Thedishwashing machines normally consist of the following prin-cipal parts: Legs, wash chamber hood, tank, doors, sprayassemblies, pumps, motors, controls, piping, valves, chemicalsanitizing eq
8、uipment, and accessories.4. Classification4.1 Types, Styles, Classes, and Groups Dishwashing ma-chines shall be of the following types, styles, classes, size, andcapacity groups as specified:4.1.1 Type IStraight-through model, 34 in. nominal tableheight. This machine is used in line with table on ea
9、ch side.4.1.1.1 Style ASingle rack.4.1.1.2 Size and Capacity,1934 by 1934-in. (nominal) racksat minimum of 36 racks per hour.4.1.1.3 Style BDouble rack.4.1.1.4 Size and Capacity,1934 by 1934-in. (nominal) racksat minimum of 72 racks per hour.4.1.2 Type IICorner model, 34 in. nominal table height.Thi
10、s machine is used in corner placement forming a 90 tableon each side.4.1.2.1 Style ASingle rack.4.1.2.2 Size and Capacity,1934 by 1934-in. (nominal) racksat minimum of 36 racks per hour.4.1.2.3 Style BDouble rack.4.1.2.4 Size and Capacity,1934 by 1934-in. (nominal) racksat minimum of 72 racks per ho
11、ur.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on FoodService Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.01 onCleaning and Sanitation Equipment.Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2003. Published Sept. 2003. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition
12、 approved in 1998 as F 953 94 (1998).2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.08.6Available from Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402.7A
13、vailable from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., AnnArbor, MI 48113-0140.8Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.9Available from American Society of Sanitary Engineering, P. O. Box 9712, BayVillage, OH 44140.10Av
14、ailable from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.3 Type IIIUnder counter, front load. This machinemay be installed under count
15、ers.4.1.3.1 Style ASingle rack.4.1.3.2 Size and Capacity,1934 by 1934-in. (nominal) racksat minimum of 21 racks per hour.5. Ordering Data5.1 Purchasers should select the preferred options permittedherein and include the following information in the procure-ment document:5.1.1 Title, number, and date
16、 of this specification.5.1.2 Type I or II straight through, corner machine, or TypeIII under counter (see 4.1).5.1.3 Noise level requirements, if other than specified (see6.2).5.1.4 When a service-supply valve is required (see 9.3.3).5.1.5 Special electrical power supply characteristics.Specify curr
17、ent, voltage, phase, frequency (see 9.4). Standardelectrical characteristics are 115 V, single phase, 60 Hz.5.1.6 When detergent feeder is required.5.1.7 When rinse agent feeder is required.5.1.8 When energy consumption profiles, water consump-tion profiles, or productivity profiles are desired (see
18、 7.3).5.1.9 Manufacturers certification, when required (see Sec-tion 10).6. Performance Requirements6.1 Performance Standards Compliance Dishwashingmachines shall conform to the requirements of OSHA Title 29,UL 921, and ANSI/NSF 3, and the detergent, rinse agent, andsanitizer feeders shall comply wi
19、th ANSI/NSF 29.6.2 Noise LevelUnless otherwise specified, the noise levelof the dishwasher, when operating, exclusive of loading,unloading, and servicing, shall not exceed 80 dBa at loadingand unloading stations, measured at 5 ft above floor level, and2 ft from the machine.7. Test Methods7.1 Operati
20、onalEach machine shall be thoroughly testedin accordance with the manufacturers instructions to deter-mine compliance with the requirements of ANSI/NSF 3 andUL 921.7.2 External LeakageNo leakage shall occur when testedat pressures up to 125 % of the manufacturers recommendedsupply line pressure.7.3
21、Performance ProfilesA new standard is to be devel-oped for energy consumption, water consumption, and produc-tivity profiles.8. Quality Assurance8.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the manufacturer is responsible for the performance ofall requirements as specified herein
22、. Except as otherwisespecified in the contract or order, the manufacturer may use hisown or any other facilities suitable for the testing of themachine requirements specified herein.9. Physical Requirements9.1 MaterialsAll materials shall be specified herein.Whenever specific materials are reference
23、d, it is understoodthat the use of materials and material thickness demonstrated tobe equally satisfactory for their intended purpose are accept-able. Materials used shall be free from defects that wouldadversely affect the performance or maintainability of indi-vidual components of the overall asse
24、mbly. The dishwashingmachines shall meet the material requirements of ANSI/NSF 3.9.1.1 Corrosion-Resistant SteelCorrosion-resistant steelshall conform to the requirements of ANSI 301 specified in 2.6.9.1.2 Corrosion-Resisting MaterialCorrosion-resistingmaterial is other than corrosion-resistant stee
25、l that is equivalentin the dishwasher application.9.1.3 Nickel-Copper AlloyNickel-copper alloys shall con-form to the requirements of Specifications B 127, A 582, A 554,A 276, and A 167.9.2 ConstructionThe dishwasher shall conform to thedesign and construction requirements of ANSI/NSF 3. Thedishwash
26、ing machine shall be complete so that when con-nected to the specified source of power, water supply, drain anddetergent, sanitizer, and rinse agent feeders, as applicable, theunit can be used for its intended function. Dishwashers shall berigid, quiet in operation, free from objectionable vibration
27、, andso constructed as to prevent objectionable splashing of water oroverflow of water to the outside of the machine. Parts requiringadjustment or service, or both, shall be readily accessible. Themachine shall wash dishes by means of a water and detergentsolution pumped from the tank, and shall rin
28、se the dishes witha pumped, recirculated fresh water sanitizer solution. Provi-sions shall be made to automatically fill the tank directly fromthe regular hot water supply. The wash, dwell, and sanitizingrinse cycles shall be automatically controlled. A light shall beprovided to indicate when the ma
29、chine is in operation. Ma-chines shall be provided with tracks of corrosion-resistant steelor other corrosion-resisting material not less than 14 gage(0.070 in. (1.78 mm). Dishwashers shall have an insideworking height, including the door height, of not less than 16in. (406.4 mm) above the track.9.3
30、 Operation CycleAt the beginning of the wash cycle, adetergent dispenser shall be activated to supply a measuredamount of detergent into the tank. The machine will automati-cally start the wash cycle, after which, the drain automaticallyopens to “dump” the wash water to a holding tank or to a drain.
31、Before the drain closes, the water fill solenoid is actuated,creating a flush cycle, after which the drain closes. At this time,water, rinse additive, if applicable, and sanitizing solution aresupplied to the tank. The machine automatically completes therinse cycle and then shuts down. The rinse tan
32、k fill thenbecomes the water for the next wash cycle or automatically fillsthe machine with water at the start of the next cycle.9.3.1 Piping, Tubing, Fittings, and Valves (Installation)Connections shall be readily accessible to facilitate installationand maintenance. Piping, tubing, and valves shal
33、l be located,whenever possible, on the exterior of the machine.9.3.2 Piping and FittingsWater piping and fittings shallbe of corrosion-resisting material. Fresh water supply to thetank shall be discharged not lower than 2 in. (50.8 mm) aboveF 953 94 (2003)2the maximum flood level rim, or an effectiv
34、e air gap or vacuumbreaker shall be installed to prevent backflow. Backflowprevention shall be in accordance with ASSE Standard No.1004. The drain and other plumbing connections shall bestandard pipe or tubing connections. Drainage piping shall becorrosion-resisting material, or suitable heat-resist
35、ing plasticmaterial. Drains may be joined into a single trunk linerequiring only one connection or arranged to permit individualconnections to the waste line.9.3.3 ValvesWhen specified, a separately packed, hotwater service supply valve shall be provided for closing thesupply of water to the dishwas
36、her. Fresh water fill valve shallbe reliable and fully automatic and suitable for 160F (70C)water. The drain or dump valve shall be automatically oper-ated.9.3.4 Spray AssembliesAll spray nozzles and spray armmanifolds shall be of corrosion-resisting materials. All sprayassemblies shall be removable
37、 without the use of tools andshall be easy to clean.9.3.5 TankThe tank and chamber shall be constructed of acorrosion-resistant or corrosion-resisting material and shallhave a rigidity equal to, or better than, 0.055-in. (1.4-mm)steel.9.3.6 OverflowThe dishwashers shall have a readily ac-cessible an
38、d cleanable overflow or suitable drain in the tank.9.3.7 Access Door(s)Door and door frames shall beconstructed of a corrosion resistant or corrosion-resistingmaterial and shall have a rigidity equal to or better than0.043-in. (1.09-mm) steel. Loading and unloading door(s) shallbe counterbalanced an
39、d, when in the open position, shallelectrically interlock the machine so that it cannot operate.Opening the door during operation shall automatically stop themachine. A means shall be provided to hold the door(s) openthat are not counterbalanced. Door(s) shall be splashproof andtheir exposed edges s
40、hall be smooth and formed to preventcanting or warping.9.3.8 Legs (Feet)The machines shall be rigidly con-structed and have legs (feet) made of corrosion-resistant steel,or other corrosion-resisting material. Type I and II dishwasherfeet shall be adjustable so that the height of the track may bevari
41、ed from 34 in. (863.6 mm) to 35 in. (889 mm) above thefloor. Feet of Type III machine shall be adjustable so the top ofthe dishwasher may be varied from 34 in. (863.6 mm) to 35 in.(889 mm) above the floor.9.3.9 Pump and Motor Assemblies:9.3.9.1 AssembliesThe pump motor shall be mounted onthe tank or
42、 on a rigid steel base. Rotary seals shall be providedfor pump shafts and shall be removable for servicing.9.3.9.2 PumpPump casings shall be cast iron orcorrosion-resisting material and shall have a removable coveror inspection plate, or be of such a design as to permit ease ofaccessibility for insp
43、ection and removal of foreign items fromthe impeller and interior. The pump shall either be self-drainingor equipped with means for draining. The shaft shall be ofcorrosion-resistant steel, properly aligned and supported. Theimpeller shall be corrosion-resisting material or gray iron alloyand shall
44、be in dynamic balance. The motor and pump shallhave at least two ball or roller bearings. The pump suctionintake shall be provided with a corrosion-resistant strainer orshroud.9.3.9.3 Detergent FeederWhen specified, an electric au-tomatic detergent feeder, conforming to ANSI/NSF 29, shall beseparate
45、ly packed with the dishwasher. The reservoir of thefeeder shall be capable of holding a supply of dishwashingdetergent adequate in normal dishwashing operation for a onemeal period.9.3.9.4 Rinse Agent FeederWhen specified, a separatelypacked rinse agent feeder, conforming to requirements ofANSI/NSF
46、29, shall be supplied with the dishwasher.9.3.9.5 Sanitizing Agent FeederAn automatic sanitizerfeeder shall be supplied with the machine and conform withANSI/NSF 29.9.4 Electrical EquipmentThe electrical equipment shallmeet the requirements of UL 921. The dishwasher shall operateon the power charact
47、eristics (current, voltage, phase, fre-quency) specified.9.4.1 MotorsMotors shall comply with applicable re-quirements of UL 921. The horsepower ratings of the motorsshall be adequate to meet the pump requirements of ANSI/NSF3.9.4.2 ControlsAll control equipment shall conform to UL921 and be capable
48、 of operation in an ambient temperature of115 6 9F (46 6 5C) min.9.4.3 Wiring and Circuit Safety Devices All wiring andcircuit safety devices shall be in conformance with UL 921. Allwiring of the dishwashing machine components shall providefor a single connection at a recognized junction on themachi
49、ne.9.5 LubricationMeans for effective and adequate lubrica-tion shall be provided when required. Lubricating points shallbe readily accessible and the dishwasher shall be lubricatedwith the proper amount of lubricant prior to delivery.9.6 Treatment and CoatingUnless otherwise specified, thedishwashers shall be treated and coated in accordance with themanufacturers standard practice. All surfaces of the machine,other than corrosion-resisting materials, shall be protectedagainst corrosion in the use environment and shall present
