1、Designation: F959 15F959/F959M 17Standard Specification forCompressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators forUse with Structural FastenersFasteners, Inch and MetricSeries1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F959;F959/F959M; the number immediately following the designation indicat
2、es theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the requirements f
3、or compressible-washer-type direct tension indicators, (DTIs) capable ofindicating the achievement of a specified minimum bolt tension in a structural bolt. bolting assembly.1.2 Eight types of DTIs in nominal diameter sizes 12 through 1 12 in. as well as M16 through M36 are covered:1.2.1 Type 325-1D
4、TIs for use with Specification F3125 Grade A325 Type 1 bolts or F or Grade F1852 assemblies.1.2.2 Type 3253DTIs for use with Specification F3125 Grade A325 Type 3 bolts or Grade F1852 Type 3 assemblies.1.2.3 Type 4901DTIs for use with Specification F3125 Grade A490 Type 1 bolts or Grade F2280 assemb
5、lies.1.2.4 Type 4903DTIs for use with Specification F3125 Grade A490 Type 3 bolts Grade F2280 Type 3 assemblies.1.2.5 Type 8.8-1DTIs for use with Specification F3125 Grade A325M Type 1 bolts.1.2.6 Type 8.8-3DTIs for use with Specification F3125 Grade A325M Type 3 bolts.1.2.7 Type 10.9-1DTIs for use
6、with Specification F3125 Grade A490M Type 1 bolts.1.2.8 Type 10.9-3DTIs for use with Specification F3125 Grade A490M Type 3 bolts.1.3 DTIs are intended for installation under either a bolt head with the protrusions against a hardened surface such as a bolthead, a hardened nut, or a hardened washer.
7、(See Research Council on Structural Connections: Specification for Structural JointsUsing HighStrength Bolts.)1.4 This specification provides for furnishing Type 3 DTIs to a Chemical Composition Requirement or a Corrosion ResistanceIndex (CRI) at the manufacturers discretion.1.5 Terms used in this s
8、pecification are defined in Terminology F1789 unless otherwise specified.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the oth
9、er. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.7 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Section 10 and Appendix X1 of thisspecification:This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
10、associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized princip
11、les on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A325 Specification for Structural Bo
12、lts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength (Withdrawn 2016)3A325M Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated 830 MPa Minimum Tensile Strength (Metric) (Withdrawn 2016)31 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fasteners and is the direct
13、 responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Nuts, Rivetsand Washers.Current edition approved May 1, 2015April 15, 2017. Published October 2015May 2017. Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 20132015 asF959 13.F959 15. DOI: 10.1520/F0959-15.10.1520/F0959-17.2 For r
14、eferencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is reference
15、d on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users
16、 consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoho
17、cken, PA 19428-2959. United States1A490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength (Withdrawn 2016)3A490M Specification for High-Strength Steel Bolts, Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural Steel Joints (Metric) (Withdrawn2016)3A1059 Specificatio
18、n for Zinc Alloy Thermo-Diffusion Coatings (TDC) on Steel Fasteners, Hardware, and Other ProductsB695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically Deposited on Iron and SteelF436F436/F436M Specification for Hardened Steel Washers (Metric) F0436_F0436M Inch and Metric DimensionsF436M Specification
19、 for Hardened Steel Washers (Metric) (Withdrawn 2016)3F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and RivetsF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performan
20、ce InspectionF1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical FastenersF1852 Specification for “Twist Off” Type Tension Control Structural Bolt/Nut/WasherAssemblies, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105ksi Minimum Tensile Strength (Withdrawn 2016)3F2280 Specification for “Twist Off” Type Tension Control Structural Bolt
21、/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksiMinimum Tensile Strength (Withdrawn 2016)3F3125 Specification for High Strength Structural Bolts, Steel and Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 120 ksi (830 MPa) and 150 ksi(1040 MPa) Minimum Tensile Strength, Inch and Metric DimensionsG101 Guide for Estima
22、ting the Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels2.2 Research Council on Structural Connections:4Specification for Structural Joints Using HighStrength Bolts2.3 ASME Standard:5ASME B18.2.6 Fasteners for Use in Structural ApplicationsASME B18.2.6M Fasteners for Use in Structural Applicati
23、ons3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for DTIs under this specification shall include the following:3.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces);3.1.2 Name of product (DTI);3.1.3 Size, that is, nominal diameter;3.1.4 ASTM designation and year of issue (if not specified, current issue shall be used);3.1.5 Type r
24、equired, 325-1, 325-3, 490-1, 490-3, 8.8-1, 8.8-3, 10.9-1, 10.9-3 (see 1.2);3.1.6 Coating type, if required (4.4);3.1.7 Source inspection, if required (Section 11);3.1.8 Certificates of compliance or test Test reports, if required (Section 13); and3.1.9 Any special requirements.4. Materials and Manu
25、facture4.1 Steel used in the manufacture of DTIs shall be produced by the basic-oxygen or electric-furnace process.4.2 Design:4.2.1 DTIs shall have a configuration produced by extrusion, punching, pressing, or similar forming, to permit a measurabledecrease in thickness when placed in compression.4.
26、2.2 The design shall be such that the degree of plastic deformation shall indicate the tension in a tightened structural bolt.Supplementary indications of tension are permissible.4.3 Heat Treatment:4.3.1 The heat treatment of DTIs is optional at the manufacturers discretion, provided the DTIs meet a
27、ll of the mechanical andperformance requirements.4.3.2 If heat treatment is performed, the process shall be through-hardening by heating to a temperature above the uppertransformation temperature, quenching in a liquid medium, and tempering by heating to a suitable temperature.reheating to not lesst
28、han 800F/427C.4.4 Protective Coatings:4.4.1 Unless otherwise specified, the DTIs shall be furnished “plain” with the “as fabricated” surface finish without protectivecoatings.4 Available from Research Council on Structural Connections at www.boltcouncil.org.5 Available from American Society of Mecha
29、nical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.F959/F959M 1724.4.2 When zinc coated “zinc coated” or “galvanized” is specified, the DTIs shall be zinc coated by the mechanical depositionprocess in accordance with the requirements
30、 of Class 55 of Specification B695, or the DTIs shall be zinc coated by the thermaldiffusion process in accordance with the requirements of Class 25 of Specification A1059.4.4.3 Other coatings are to be used only when approved by the DTI manufacturer.5. Chemical Composition5.1 DTIs shall conform to
31、the full Heat Analysis specified in Table 1 or the requirements of 5.2.5.1.1 For all types furnished to the chemical compositions in Table 1, Product Analysis may be made by the purchaser fromfinished DTIs representing each lot. The chemical composition shall conform to the requirements given in Tab
32、le 1, ProductAnalysis.5.2 Type 3 products having Copper, Phosphorus, and Sulfur conforming to Table 1 and a Corrosion Resistance Index of 6 orhigher calculated on the basis of the Heat Analysis as described in Guide G101 shall be considered acceptable. See Note 1.NOTE 1The user is cautioned that the
33、 Guide G101 predictive equation for calculation of an atmospheric corrosion index has been verified only forthe composition limits stated in that guide.5.2.1 Product Analyses are not applicable to Type 3 indicators furnished to a CRI of 6 or higher. Acceptance shall be based onthe CRI of 6 or higher
34、 calculated from the Heat Analysis. Other specified Type 3 Steels with Copper, Phosphorus, and Sulfurconforming to the specified limits and a Corrosion Resistance of 6 or higher, are acceptable in lieu of compliance with the fullspecified Chemical Compositions.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Compress
35、ion LoadsWhen the gap of inch series DTIs are compressed to 0.015 in. or metric series DTIs to 0.4 mm, thecompression load shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 2.6.2 HardnessWhen DTIs are heat-treated in accordance with 4.3.2, the maximum hardness shall be HRC37.7. Dimensions7.1 Exce
36、pt as permitted by 7.1.1 and 7.1.2 the DTIs shall conform to the dimensional and related requirements ofASME B18.2.6 for inch series and ASME B18.2.6M for metric series products.7.1.1 At the manufactures discretion, the number of protrusions may be altered provided there are no fewer than fourprotru
37、sions and the performance requirements of Section 6 are maintained.7.1.2 The minimum outside diameter of the DTIs may alternatively match the minimum outside diameter requirements of thematching nominal size ASTM F436F436/F436M washerwasher.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 The DTIs shall be
38、 commercially smooth and free of injurious material or manufacturing defects that would affect theirperformance.9. Number of Tests and Retests9.1 Responsibility:9.1.1 The DTI manufacturer shall inspect each lot of DTIs prior to shipment in accordance with the quality assurance proceduresdescribed in
39、 9.2.9.1.2 The purchaser is required to maintain the identification and integrity of each lot following delivery until the product isinstalled in its service application.TABLE 1 Chemical Composition RequirementsElementComposition, %HeatAnalysisProductAnalysisType 1 Series Type 3 SeriesA Type 1 Serie
40、s Type 3 SeriesACarbon 0.300.55 . 0.270.58 .Manganese 0.500.90 . 0.470.93 .Phosphorus, Max 0.04 0.040 0.048 0.045Sulfur, Max 0.045 0.050 0.053 0.055Silicon 0.150.35 0.150.35 0.130.37 0.130.37Chromium . 0.450.65 . 0.420.68Nickel . 0.250.45 . 0.220.48Copper . 0.250.45 . 0.220.48A Type 3 DTIs are also
41、permitted to be manufactured from any of the Type 3 steels in the chemical composition sections of SpecificationsSpecification A325F3125 andF436 or A325M and F436M.F959/F959M 1739.2 Production Lot Method:9.2.1 All DTIs shall be processed in accordance with a lot identification controlquality assuran
42、ce plan. The manufacturer shallidentify and maintain the integrity of each production lot of DTIs from raw material selection through all processing operationsand treatments to final packing and shipment. Each lot shall be assigned its own lot-identification number, each lot shall be tested,and the
43、inspection test reports for each lot shall be retained.9.2.2 The minimum number of samples to be tested to determine compression loads and coating thickness (when applicable)shall be in accordance with the requirements specified in Guide F1470.9.3 Number of Tests After AlterationsIf DTIs are heat tr
44、eated, coated, or otherwise altered by a subcontractor or manufacturersubsequent to testing, they shall be tested in accordance with 9.2 prior to shipment to the purchaser after all alterations have beencompleted.9.4 When Type 3 products are furnished to a Corrosion Resistance Index, the CRI number
45、shall be calculated for each lot.10. Test Methods10.1 Compression load tests shall be conducted in accordance with Test Methods F606/F606M.10.1.1 All test specimens shall conform to the values given in Table 2, regardless of surface coating (lubricants included).10.2 DTIs for tests shall be tested f
46、ull size “as received” without any special preparation.10.3 Results from routine hardness tests performed during production of heat-treated DTIs satisfy the requirement forverification that product hardness does not exceed HRC37.10.4 The Corrosion Resistance Index shall be calculated for the Heat An
47、alysis in accordance with Guide G101 PredictiveMethod based on the data of Larabee and Coburn.11. Inspection11.1 If the inspection described in 11.2 is required by the purchaser, it shall be specified in the inquiry and contract or order.11.2 The purchasers quality assurance representative shall hav
48、e free entry to all parts of the manufacturers works that concernthe manufacture of the DTIs ordered. The manufacturer shall afford the quality assurance representative all reasonable facilitiesto satisfy him that the DTIs are being furnished in accordance with this specification. All tests and insp
49、ections required by thisspecification that are requested by the purchasers representative shall be made before shipment and shall be conducted so as notto interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the plant.12. Rejection12.1 DTIs that fail to conform to the requirements of this specification shall be rejected. Rejection should be reported to theproducer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer or supplier maymake claim for a rehearing.TABLE 2 Acceptable Range of Com
