1、Designation: F959 13F959 15Standard Specification forCompressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators forUse with Structural Fasteners1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F959; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the requirements for compressible-washer-type direct tension indicators
3、 indicators, (DTIs) capableof indicating the achievement of a specified minimum bolt tension in a structural bolt.1.2 FourEight types of direct tension indicators DTIs in nominal diameter sizes 12 through 112 in. as well as M16 through M36are covered:1.2.1 Type 325325-1direct tension indicators DTIs
4、 for use with Specification A325 Type 1 bolts or F or F1852 assemblies.1.2.2 Type 3253direct tension indicators DTIs for use with Specification A325 Type 3 bolts or F1852 Type 3 assemblies.1.2.3 Type 4904901direct tension indicators DTIs for use with Specification A490 Type 1 bolts or F2280 assembli
5、es.1.2.4 Type 4903direct tension indicators DTIs for use with Specification A490 Type 3 F2280 Type 3 assemblies.1.2.5 Type 8.8-1DTIs for use with Specification A325M Type 1 bolts.1.2.6 Type 8.8-3DTIs for use with Specification A325M Type 3 bolts.1.2.7 Type 10.9-1DTIs for use with Specification A490M
6、 Type 1 bolts.1.2.8 Type 10.9-3DTIs for use with Specification A490M Type 3 bolts.1.3 Direct tension indicators DTIs are intended for installation under either a bolt head or a hardened washer. (See ResearchCouncil on Structural Connections: Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTMHighStrength
7、 A325 or A490Bolts.)1.4 This specification provides for furnishing Types 3253 and 4903 Type 3 DTIs to a Chemical Composition Requirementor a Corrosion Resistance Index (CRI) at the suppliers option.manufacturers discretion.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No
8、other units of measurement are included inthisTerms used in this specification are defined in Terminology F1789standard. unless otherwise specified.1.6 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Section 1210 and Appendix X1 of thisspecification:This standard doe
9、s not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standa
10、rds:2A325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA325M Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated 830 MPa Minimum Tensile Strength (Metric)A490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile St
11、rengthA490M Specification for High-Strength Steel Bolts, Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural Steel Joints (Metric)B695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically Deposited on Iron and SteelD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingF436 Specification for Hardened Steel WashersF436M Specificatio
12、n for Hardened Steel Washers (Metric)1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Nuts, Rivetsand Washers.Current edition approved March 1, 2013May 1, 2015. Published March 2013October 2015.
13、Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 20092013 asF959 09.F959 13. DOI: 10.1520/F0959-13.10.1520/F0959-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume informati
14、on, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict
15、 all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International
16、, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1F606F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, and Rivets (Metric) F0606_F0606M Direct Tension Indicators, and RivetsF1470 Practice fo
17、r Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance InspectionF1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical FastenersF1852 Specification for “Twist Off” Type Tension Control Structural Bolt/Nut/WasherAssemblies, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthF2280 Specification f
18、or “Twist Off” Type Tension Control Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksiMinimum Tensile StrengthG101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels2.2 Research Council on Structural Connections:3Specification for Structural Joints Using A
19、STMHighStrength A325 or A490Bolts2.3 ASME Standard:4ASME B18.2.6 Fasteners for Use in Structural ApplicationsASME B18.2.6M Fasteners for Use in Structural Applications3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 compressible-washer-type direct tension indicator, nwasher-typ
20、e element inserted under the bolt head or hardenedwasher, having the capability of indicating the achievement of a required minimum bolt tension by the degree of direct tensionindicator plastic deformation. Hereafter referred to as direct tension indicator.3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for direc
21、t tension indicators DTIs under this specification shall include the following:3.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces);3.1.2 Name of product (direct tension indicator); (DTI);3.1.3 Size, that is, nominal diameter;3.1.4 ASTM designation and year of issue (if not specified, current issue shall be used);3.1.
22、5 Type required, 325, 325-3, 490, 490-3 325-1, 325-3, 490-1, 490-3, 8.8-1, 8.8-3, 10.9-1, 10.9-3 (see 1.2);3.1.6 Coating type, if required (5.44.4);3.1.7 Source inspection, if required (Section 1311);3.1.8 Certificates of compliance or test reports, if required (Section 1513); and3.1.9 Any special r
23、equirements.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Steel used in the manufacture of direct tension indicators DTIs shall be produced by the basic-oxygen or electric-furnaceprocess.4.2 Design:4.2.1 Direct tension indicators DTIs shall have a configuration produced by extrusion, punching, pressing, or simila
24、r forming,to permit a measurable decrease in thickness when placed in compression.4.2.2 The design shall be such that the degree of plastic deformation shall indicate the tension in a tightened structural bolt.4.3 Heat Treatment:4.3.1 The heat treatment of DTIs is optional at the manufacturers discr
25、etion, provided the DTIs meet all of the mechanical andperformance requirements.4.3.2 If heat treatment is performed, the process shall be through-hardening by heating to a temperature above the uppertransformation temperature, quenching in a liquid medium, and tempering by heating to a suitable tem
26、perature.4.4 Protective Coatings:4.4.1 Unless otherwise specified, the direct tension indicators DTIs shall be furnished “plain” with the “as fabricated” surfacefinish without protective coatings.4.4.2 When “zinc coated”zinc coated is specified, the direct tension indicators DTIs shall be zinc coate
27、d by the mechanicaldeposition process in accordance with the requirements of Class 55 of Specification B695.5.4.3 When “baked epoxy” is specified, the epoxy shall be 0.001 to 0.002 in. thick applied over the zinc coating specified in5.4.2. The epoxy shall not flake off exposed surfaces during instal
28、lation.4.4.3 Other coatings are to be used only when approved by the direct tension indicator DTI manufacturer.3 Available from Research Council on Structural Connections at www.boltcouncil.org.4 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three P
29、ark Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.F959 1525. Chemical Composition5.1 Direct tension indicators furnished to Chemical Composition Requirements DTIs shall conform to the full Heat Analysisspecified in Table 1 or the requirements of 5.2.5.1.1 For all types furnished to the chemical
30、compositions in Table 1, Product Analysis may be made by the purchaser fromfinished DTIs representing each lot. The chemical composition shall conform to the requirements given in Table 1, ProductAnalysis.5.2 In addition to the compositions in Table 1, weathering steels type 3253 and Type 4903 Type
31、3 products having Copper,Phosphorus, and Sulfur conforming to Table 1 and a Corrosion Resistance Index of 6 or higher calculated on the basis of the HeatAnalysis as described in Guide G101 Predictive Method based on the data of Larabee and Coburn shall be considered acceptable.See Note 1.NOTE 1The u
32、ser is cautioned that the Guide G101 predictive equation (Predictive Method Based on the Data of Larabee and Coburn) for calculationof an atmospheric corrosion index has been verified only for the composition limits stated in that guide.5.2.1 Product Analyses are not applicable to Type 3 indicators
33、furnished to a CRI of 6 or higher. Acceptance shall be based onthe CRI of 6 or higher calculated from the Heat Analysis. Other specified Type 3 Steels with Copper, Phosphorus, and Sulfurconforming to the specified limits and a Corrosion Resistance of 6 or higher, are acceptable in lieu of compliance
34、 with the fullspecified Chemical Compositions.6.3 For all types furnished to the chemical compositions in Table 1, Product Analysis may be made by the purchaser fromfinished direct tension indicators representing each lot. The chemical composition shall conform to the requirements given in Table1, P
35、roduct Analysis.6.4 ProductAnalyses are not applicable to Type 3253 and Type 4903 indicators furnished to a CRI of 6 or higher.Acceptanceshall be based on the CRI of 6 or higher calculated from the HeatAnalysis. Other weathering Steels with Copper, Phosphorus, andSulfur conforming to the specified l
36、imits and a Corrosion Resistance of 6 or higher, are acceptable in lieu of compliance with thefull specified Chemical Compositions.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Compression LoadsWhen compressed to the gap specified inof inch Table 2, series DTIs are compressed to 0.015 in. ormetric series DTIs to 0
37、.4 mm, the compression load shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 32.7. Dimensions7.1 The direct tension indicatorsExcept as permitted by 7.1.1 and 7.1.2 the DTIs shall conform to the dimensional and relatedrequirements of ASME B18.2.6. ASME B18.2.6 for inch series and ASME B18.2.6M f
38、or metric series products.7.1.1 At the manufactures discretion, the number of protrusions may be altered provided the performance requirements ofSection 6 are maintained.7.1.2 The minimum outside diameter of the DTIs may alternatively match the minimum outside diameter requirements of thematching no
39、minal size ASTM F436 washer8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 The direct tension indicators DTIs shall be commercially smooth and free of injurious material or manufacturing defects thatwould affect their performance.TABLE 1 Chemical Composition RequirementsElementComposition, %HeatAnalysisPr
40、oductAnalysisType 325 and1SeriesType 490Type 325-3 and 3SeriesType 490-3AType 325 and1SeriesType 490Type 325-3 and3SeriesType 490-3ACarbon 0.300.55 0.270.58Manganese 0.500.90 0.470.93Phosphorus, Max 0.04 0.040 0.048 0.045Sulfur, Max 0.045 0.050 0.053 0.055Silicon 0.150.35 0.150.35 0.130.37 0.130.37C
41、hromium 0.450.65 0.420.68Nickel 0.250.45 0.220.48Copper 0.250.45 0.220.48A Weathering steel Type 3 DTIs are also permitted to be manufactured from any of the Type 3 steels in the chemical composition sections of Specifications A325 and F436or A325M and F436M.F959 1539. Number of Tests and Retests9.1
42、 Responsibility:9.1.1 The direct tension indicator DTI manufacturer shall inspect each lot of direct tension indicators DTIs prior to shipmentin accordance with the quality assurance procedures described in 10.29.2.9.1.2 The purpose of a lot inspection testing program is to ensure that each lot conf
43、orms to the requirements of this specification.For such a plan to be fully effective, it is essential that the purchaser continue to purchaser is required to maintain the identificationand integrity of each lot following delivery until the product is installed in its service application.9.2 Producti
44、on Lot Method:9.2.1 All direct tension indicators DTIs shall be processed in accordance with a lot identification controlquality assurance plan.The manufacturer shall identify and maintain the integrity of each production lot of direct tension indicators DTIs from rawmaterial selection through all p
45、rocessing operations and treatments to final packing and shipment. Each lot shall be assigned itsown lot-identification number, each lot shall be tested, and the inspection test reports for each lot shall be retained.10.2.2 For purposes of assigning an identification number and from which test sampl
46、es shall be selected, a production lot shallconsist of all direct tension indicators processed essentially together through all operations to placing in the shipping container thatare of the same nominal size, produced from the same mill heat of steel, and heat treated in the same heat treatment cyc
47、le.9.2.2 The minimum number of samples to be tested to determine compression loads and coating thickness (when applicable)shall be in accordance with the requirements specified in Guide F1470.9.3 Number of Tests After AlterationsIf direct tension indicators DTIs are heat treated, coated, or otherwis
48、e altered by asubcontractor or manufacturer subsequent to testing, they shall be tested in accordance with 10.29.2 prior to shipment to thepurchaser after all alterations have been completed.9.4 When weathering steels Type 3 products are furnished to a Corrosion Resistance Index, the CRI number shal
49、l be calculatedfor each heat.lot.11. Specimen Preparation11.1 Indicators for tests shall be tested full size “as received” without any special preparation.10. Test Methods10.1 Compression load tests shall be conducted in accordance with Test Methods F606F606/F606M.10.1.1 All test specimens shall conform to the values given in Table 2, regardless of surface coating (lubricants included).10.2 DTIs for tests shall be tested full size “as received” without any special preparation.10.3 The Corrosion Resistance Index shall be calculated
