1、Designation: F974 06 (Reapproved 2011)1Standard Practice forDetermination of Color Response of Electrostatic CopyingSystem, Black and White Output1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F974; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in
2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTERevised the units presentation and added a units statement editorially in October 2011.1. S
3、cope1.1 This practice covers the determination of the colorresponse of an electrostatic copy system, black and whiteoutput.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for informatio
4、n onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult andestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of re
5、gulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E97 Method of Test for Directional Reflectance Factor,45-Deg 0-Deg, of Opaque Specimens by Broad-BandFilter Reflectometry3F335 Terminology Relating to Electrostatic ImagingF360 Practice for Image Evaluation of Electrostatic
6、 Busi-ness Copies3. Significance and Use3.1 This practice is for determining the color response of anelectrostatic copy system by examining the black and whitecopies obtained from an electrostatic copier. This practicecovers the capability of a copy system to reproduce varioussolid colors in varying
7、 shades of grey or black and white.4. Interferences4.1 This practice can be used to measure the color responsefor different copy system conditions (machine adjustments,machine configuration, supplies, environment, and so forth).These conditions should be noted so that comparison tests canbe made.4.2
8、 In liquid developed copiers, the system color response isstrongly dependent on the condition (that is, age, concentra-tion, and so forth) of the toner bath. As a liquid toner is cycledthrough depletion and replenishment, color response may showwide fluctuations even though fluctuations in other cop
9、yquality criteria (for example, background, edge effect, resolu-tion, and density) may not be altered. (See Terminology F335.)4.3 In dry toned copiers, the system color response isstrongly dependent on the age and condition of the photocon-ductor and developer and may also show wide fluctuations inc
10、olor response even though some of the copy quality criterialisted in 4.2 may not be altered.4.4 Copy systems that circulate the original to be copiedthrough the copier may not be capable of handling a consumerprepared test target.5. Apparatus5.1 Reflectometer, operated and standardized according tot
11、he manufacturers instructions and in accordance with TestMethod E97. Spectral response shall be for measuring thedaylight luminous reflectance factor, as described under theTerminology section of Test Method E97.6. Materials6.1 Copy paper, toning supplies, photoreceptor, and so forthshould be approv
12、ed materials currently used by the evaluator.Any change of supplies from one manufacturer to those ofanother may alter the test results.7. Procedure7.1 Prepare a test target in accordance with the Test Originalsection described in Practice F360. Select Munsell Color Chipsappropriate to their copying
13、 needs and adhere by any suitablemethod those selected chips on a suitable paper substrate1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 on BusinessImaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.04 onElectrostatic Imaging Products.Current edition approved Oct.
14、1, 2011. Published March 2012. Originallyapproved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F97406. DOI:10.1520/F0974-06R11e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume inf
15、ormation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.(starting in the
16、 center of the substrate) allowing spatial inter-vals between the chips of at least 112 in. (3.8 cm).7.1.1 Alternate commercially available color composite tar-gets can be selected and used as a target.7.1.2 If the customers color is not on the target, the resultsmay be misleading results, particula
17、rly if saturated inks areused.7.2 Use test target in accordance with the Procedure sectiondescribed in Practice F360.7.3 Adjust the exposure dial or controls of the copyingmachine to optimize color reproduction for the selected target.This can affect other imaging functions.7.4 When comparative test
18、s are being made by the user(equipment, supplies, test conditions, etc.), use the same target,paper, etc. in each case.7.5 The user can also include a run-up and run-down of theexposure setting as a test for grey scale response.8. Results and Calculations8.1 Method AObserve the imaged copies under n
19、ormalillumination. Identify the colors that have been clearly repro-duced (and separated if appropriate). Record all pertinentinformation regarding the test structure, that is, copier systemmodel number, supplies lot number (if one is present), supplierby name of each supply item, environmental cond
20、itions, etc.Record all data on the imaged copy.8.2 Alternate Method B:8.2.1 Using the reflectometer (in accordance with the manu-facturers instructions), determine the reflectance for eachimaged color patch, taking a minimum of three separatereadings near the center of the color patch. Record theref
21、lectance readings adjacent to each reproduced color patch onthe imaged copy.8.2.2 Calculate the average image reflectance value, Rn, foreach color patch as follows:Rn5TN(1)where:T = the total sum of the reflectance units recorded, andN = the total number of readings.8.2.3 For every color under consi
22、deration, there is an Indexof Color Reproduction (IC) defined by the following equation(optional calculation):IC 5 100 2100 Rn2 Bn!Bb2 Bn(2)where:Bn= reflectance of the copied image of a solid black patch.Bb= reflectance of the copied image of a solid white patch.Rn= reflectance of the copied image
23、of the solid colorpatch under test (this is the same as expressed in8.2.2).9. Keywords9.1 color copiers; copiers; electrostatic imagingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this stand
24、ard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andi
25、f not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, wh
26、ich you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
27、United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).F974 06 (2011)12
