1、Designation: F 976 02Standard Specification forPortable Kerosine and Diesel Containers for Consumer Use1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 976; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last rev
2、ision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes nationally recognized per-formance requirements common to both kerosine and dieselportable con
3、tainers for reuse by the consumer. Only color andmarking are differentiated. The test medium specified forchemical resistance is kerosine due to the more aggressivenature of kerosine on elastomers and other materials ofconstruction.1.2 This specification does not include single-trip pre-packaged con
4、tainers.1.3 This standard is not a fire risk assessment standard, or afire test standard, but a specification for portable kerosinecontainers for consumer use.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 7, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purpo
5、rt to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use. Additional precautionary information isgiven in
6、Section 6.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusD 471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 794 Practice for Determining Permanent Effect of Heaton PlasticsD 975 Specification f
7、or Diesel Fuel OilsD 999 Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Contain-ersD 2561 Test Method for Environmental Stress-Crack Resis-tance of Blow-Molded Polyethylene ContainersD 2565 Practice for Xenon Arc Exposure of Plastics In-tended for Outdoor ApplicationsD 3435 Specification for Plastic Cont
8、ainers (Jerry Cans) forPetroleum ProductsD 3699 Specification for KerosineF 926 Specification for Cautionary Labeling of PortableKerosine Containers for Consumer UseG23 Practice for Operating Light-Exposure Apparatus(Carbon-Arc Type) with and without Water for Exposureof Nonmetallic Materials2.2 ANS
9、I Standard:B71.1b1977 Supplement to Safety Specifications for PowerLawn Mowers, Lawn and Garden Tractors, and LawnTractors33. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 diesel, na hydrocarbon mixture obtained from pe-troleum distillation with variations in pour point dependi
10、ngupon make up as specifiedin Specification D 975.3.1.2 kerosine, na hydrocarbon mixture obtained frompetroleum distillation as specified in Specification D 3699.3.1.3 portable kerosine/diesel containers, nvessels de-signed to be carried by hand and used to transport fuels fromdistribution point to
11、use point.3.1.4 pouring vent, nthe part of the container enablingfree entry of air to replace the liquid being poured out.3.1.5 rated capacity, nthe volume indicated on the con-tainer. It may also be termed nominal capacity or maximumfilling level.3.1.6 spout, na component through which the contents
12、 ofthe container can be dispensed.3.1.7 total volume, nrated capacity plus any remainingspace within the container.4. Requirements4.1 The container shall evidence good workmanship andmeet the following requirements:4.2 ColorKerosine containers shall be predominately me-dium blue in color. Diesel con
13、tainers shall be predominantlymedium yellow in color. Pigments, coatings, or other meansused to impart color shall not be affected by kerosine.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.10 onSafety Stan
14、dards for Flammable Liquid Containers.Current edition approved May 10, 2002. Published June 2002. Originallypublished as ES 8 84. Last previous edition F 97699.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of
15、 ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Co
16、nshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.3 CapacityThe maximum rated capacity shall be 25 L(6.6 gal).4.3.1 The total volume of a container shall exceed its ratedcapacity by at least 5 %.4.3.2 Capacity shall be determined with the container andits contents at 23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F).4.4 StabilityEach c
17、ontainer shall not upset when tested inaccordance with 7.1.4.5 HandleEach container shall be provided with ahandle. The container shall not leak or evidence any handledetachment when tested in accordance with 7.2.4.6 Drop StrengthContainers shall show no evidence ofrupture, cracks, or leakage when t
18、ested in accordance with 7.3.4.7 Internal PressureContainers shall show no evidenceof leakage when tested in accordance with 7.4.4.8 Durability:4.8.1 AgingThis requirement applies only to nonmetalliccontainers. The material for the container shall retain at least70 % of its original tensile strength
19、 when tested in accordancewith 7.5.1 and 7.5.2.4.8.2 PermeabilityThis requirement applies only to non-metallic containers. The filled container shall not have a weightloss greater than 1 % when tested in accordance with 7.6.4.8.3 Kerosine ResistanceThis requirement applies onlyto nonmetallic contain
20、ers.The container material shall show nopitting, crazing, softening, bubbling, cracking, tackiness, ordecomposition when tested in accordance with 7.7.1. Thematerial shall retain at least 60 % of its tensile yield strengthwhen tested in accordance with 7.7.2.4.8.4 Stress CrackingThis requirement app
21、lies only tocontainers molded of polyethylene. The container shall notcrack in 120 h when tested in accordance with 7.8.4.8.5 Corrosion ResistanceThis requirement applies onlyto metal containers and/or metal components of containers. Noleakage shall be evident when tested in accordance with 7.9.4.8.
22、6 Heat ResistanceThis requirement applies only tononmetallic containers. The container shall not leak whentested in accordance with 7.10.4.9 OpeningsOpenings in containers shall be providedwith a means of closure.4.9.1 PouringThe opening intended for pouring shallhave an integral pouring spout, or i
23、t shall accept a pouringspout supplied with the container. The pouring spout shall bedesigned to permit kerosine to be poured without leakage.4.9.2 Pouring VentThe container shall be provided with avented pouring spout or other means for venting the containerduring pouring.4.9.3 FillingThe opening i
24、ntended for filling the con-tainer shall have a minimum inside diameter of 31.7 mm (1.25in.).4.9.4 Kerosine ResistanceThis requirement applies onlyto nonmetallic components. Closures, pouring spout, ventingdevices, and gaskets shall be resistant to aging and the actionof kerosine when tested in acco
25、rdance with 7.11.4.10 ClosuresClosures on the containers shall not leakwhen tested in accordance with 7.12.5. Retest and Rejection5.1 If any failure occurs, an additional container may betested if the failure is judged to be nonrepresentative ofproduction.6. Precautions6.1 Kerosine is used in some o
26、f the following tests. Cau-tionary standards for handling and disposal of hazardousmaterials should be observed. Containers containing kerosineshould not be opened in the presence of open flame or othersources of ignition.7. Test Methods7.1 StabilityFill a sample container with water at 236 2C (75 6
27、 3.6F) to its rated capacity by volume. Secure theclosures as in transportation and storage. Place the containerwith its base on an inclined plane forming an angle of 20 withthe horizontal. During the test, rotate the container about itsvertical axis so that stability can be checked with the samplef
28、acing any direction.7.2 Handle StrengthFill a sample container with anequivalent weight of water at 23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F) to itsrated kerosine capacity. Secure the closures as in transportationand storage. Secure one end of a 9.5-mm (0.375-in.) diametermanila rope about 2 m (6.5 ft) long to a rigid po
29、int ofsuspension and attach the other end so as to distribute the loadacross the container handle. Suspend the container from therope for 1 min, then raise 305 mm (12 in.) from the suspendedposition and allow to fall freely.7.3 Drop Strength TestFill the container to its nominalcapacity with water a
30、t 23 6 2C(756 5 F) and secure theclosures. Drop it, free fall, onto a flat, solid surface. Makedrops in the following sequence: one drop on the bottom, onedrop on a bottom corner, and one drop on a side. The distanceof fall shall be 1.8 m (6 ft). Make the same tests with anothercontainer filled with
31、 a blend of 50 % glycol and 50 % waterand with both the container and its contents cooled to18 6 1C(06 2 F). For these latter tests, the distance of fallshall be 1.2 m (4 ft).NOTE 1The location of the spout is considered to be the front of thecontainer. The side is considered to be approximately 90
32、to either left orright of the nozzle area.7.4 Internal Pressure Test:7.4.1 Hydrostatic Pressure TestFill the container to itstotal volume with water at 23 6 2C (75 6 5F) and secure theclosures. Increase the internal pressure to a gage pressure of138 kPa (20 psi) and maintain for 2 min. Conduct the s
33、ame testwith a container filled to its total volume with water at60 6 3C (140 6 5F). For plastic containers, apply thepressure by inserting and securing an adapter through a drilledhole in a flat, heavy section of the container wall, and not on apinch-off or parting line. For metal containers, the p
34、ressure canbe applied through the fill or pour closure.7.5 Aging TestPerform the following two tests. In bothtests, determine tensile strength in accordance with TestMethod D 638 using five specimens and Speed C.7.5.1 Test 1Test the specimens for 2000 h in accordancewith Procedure B of Recommended P
35、ractice D 2565 usingF976022Type B or BH apparatus or for 1400 h in accordance withPractice G23using a Type E carbon-arc weathering device(see Note 2). The test cycle for each method shall consist of102 min of light followed by 18 min of light and spray. IfPractice G23 is used, the blackbody temperat
36、ure shall be62.8C (145F). In cases of disagreement, RecommendedPractice D 2565 shall be the referee method.NOTE 2Limited data indicate that carbon-arc exposure is much moresevere than xenon-arc exposure; therefore, less exposure time is requiredwhen using the carbon-arc equipment.7.5.2 Test 2Test th
37、e specimens for 60 days in accordancewith Recommended Practice D 794, except that the oventemperature shall be 87 6 2C (189 6 3.6F).7.6 Permeability TestFill the container to its rated capac-ity with Specification D 3699 No. 1K Kerosine and secure theclosures. Weigh the container accurately. After s
38、toragefor 30 days at 23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F), reweigh the containerand calculate the weight loss.7.7 Kerosine Resistance Test:7.7.1 Visual TestUpon completion of the permeability testin 7.6, empty the container and cut apart in a manner to allowvisual inspection of all interior surfaces.7.7.2 Immersion
39、TestCondition at least 20 specimens,taken from untested container, measuring about 125 mm (5 in.)by 16 mm (0.625 in.) at 23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F) for 18 h.Immerse specimen in Specification D 3699 No. 1K Kerosine.Use the remaining ten specimens as a control. Followingexposure for 30 days, remove ten speci
40、mens from the solutionand test to determine tensile yield strength in accordance withTest Method D 638 using Speed C.7.8 Stress Cracking TestTest two containers in accordancewith Procedure B ofTest Method D 2561, except do not exposethe outside of the containers to the stress cracking agent.7.9 Corr
41、osion Resistance TestSix container samples shallbe filled to their nominal capacity with water. The closuresshall be secured as in transportation and storage. The contain-ers shall be tested in accordance with Practice B117. Thecontainers shall be exposed to a spray of 5% salt solution for21 days, a
42、fter which they shall be allowed to dry for4hatroom temperature.7.10 Container Material Heat Resistance TestDeterminethe resistance of the container filled with water to a momentaryexposure to heat and flame in accordance with 7.10.1 and7.10.2. These test methods should be used to measure anddescrib
43、e the properties of materials, products, or assemblies inresponse to heat and flame under controlled laboratory con-ditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the firehazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies underactual fire conditions.7.10.1 Test 1Fill a container compl
44、etely with water at23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F). Adjust a 9.5-mm (38-in.) diameterbunsen burner, using natural gas having a calorific value ofapproximately 37 MJm3(1000 Btu/ft3) so that the outer blueflame is 25 mm (1 in.) in length and the inner blue cone is 9.5mm (38 in.) long. The temperature of the flame
45、 just above theinner cone shall be a minimum of 930C (1700F) and thetemperature of the flame, 19 mm (34 in.) above the burner shallbe a minimum of 288C (550F). Tilt the burner about 18from the normal 90 impingement and hold the tip of theburner 19 mm (34 in.) away from the container for 75 s. Testth
46、e container on the side, bottom, and any corner and examinefor leaks. If the design of the container is such that it cannot befilled completely with water, apply the flame only to thoseareas that are water backed.7.10.2 Test 2Fill a container completely with water at23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F). Heat a 12.7-
47、mm (12-in.) diameter steelrod, 150 mm (6 in.) long, to 260 6 6C (500 6 10.8F) andimmediately place on the bottom of an inverted container andallow it to cool to 23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F). Repeat thisprocedure, except place the heated rod on a side wall of thecontainer. Examine the container for leaks.7.11
48、 Kerosine Resistance Tests:7.11.1 A part made of an elastomer that may be affected byaging shall not crack or show visible evidence of deteriorationfollowing exposure for70 h in an air oven at a temperature of100 6 2C (212 6 3.6f.)7.11.2 A nonmetallic part other than an elastomer that maybe affected
49、 by aging shall not crack or show visible evidence ofdeterioration following exposure for 168 h in an air oven at atemperature of 100 6 2C (212 6 3.6F).7.11.3 A nonmetallic part in contact with kerosine shall notshow excessive volume change or loss of weight, whenconsidered on the basis of its intended function, followingimmersion in Specification D 3699 No. 1K Kerosine in accor-dance with Test Method D 471 at 23 6 2C (75 6 3.6F) for70 h.7.11.4 A change in volume of not more than 25 % swelli
