1、Designation: F 2145 09An American National StandardStandard Specification forPolyamide 11 (PA 11) and Polyamide 12 (PA12) MechanicalFittings for Use on Outside Diameter Controlled Polyamide11 and Polyamide 12 Pipe and Tubing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2145; the number imme
2、diately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 Thi
3、s specification describes requirements and test meth-ods for the qualification of Polyamide 11 (PA 11) and Polya-mide 12 (PA12) bodied mechanical fittings for use with outsidediameter controlled Polyamide 11 (PA 11) and Polyamide 12(PA12) pipe, nominal 2 pipe size (IPS), and smaller complyingwith Sp
4、ecification D 2513. In addition, it specifies generalrequirements of the material from which these fittings aremade.1.2 The test methods described in this specification are notintended to be used as routine quality tests.1.3 This specification covers the types of mechanical fittingscovered in 3.2.1.
5、1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the
6、 safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory require-ments prior to use.1.6 The text of this specification references notes andfootnotes, which
7、provide explanatory material. These notes andfootnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not beconsidered as requirements of this specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic
8、 PipeUnder Constant Internal PressureD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2513 Specification for Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe,Tubing, and FittingsD 2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic DesignBasis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure DesignBasis for Thermopl
9、astic Pipe ProductsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF 1588 Test Method for Constant Tensile Load Joint Test(CTLJT)2.2 ASME Standard:ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution PipingSystems32.3 Federal Standard:CFR, Title 49, Part 192 Pipeline Safety Regulations42.4 Plastic Pipe
10、Institute Standard:PPI TR-4 PPI Listing of Hydrostatic Design Bases (HDB),Pressure Design Bases (PDB), and Minimum RequiredStrength (MRS) Ratings for Thermoplastic Piping Mate-rials or Pipe53. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of the terms used in this speci-fication are in accordance with Termi
11、nology F 412 unlessotherwise specified. Abbreviations are in accordance withTerminology D 1600 unless otherwise specified.3.1.1 The Gas Industry Terminology is in accordance withASME B31.8 or CFR, Title 49, Part 192 unless otherwisespecified.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Comm
12、ittee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.60 on Gas.Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F 214501(2007).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website,
13、 www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., Ne
14、w York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.4Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington D.C. 20402.5Available from Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI), 105 Decker Court, Suite 825,Irving, TX 75062, http:/www.plasticpipe.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears a
15、t the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.2 The term “pipe” refers to both “pipe” and “tubing”.The term “fitting” refers to a mechanical connecting device asdescribed in 3.1.4 and 3.1.6.3.1.3 joint
16、, nthe location at which two pieces of pipe anda fitting are connected together. For example, an installedcoupling has two joints.3.1.4 joint, mechanical, na connection between pipingcomponents and employing physical force to develop a seal orproduce alignment.3.1.5 long-term-strength (LTS), nthe es
17、timated tensilestress that when applied continuously will cause failure at100 000 h. This is the intercept of the stress regression line withthe 100 000 h coordinate.3.1.6 mechanical fitting, nfitting for making a mechanicaljoint to provide for pressure integrity, leak tightness, andresistance to en
18、d loads.3.1.6.1 category 1 mechanical fitting, nfitting for assem-bling pipes, which includes a compression zone to provide forpressure integrity, leak tightness, and resistance to end loadssufficient to cause no less than 25 % elongation of the PA 11 orPA 12 piping as described in this specificatio
19、n.3.1.7 MAOP, nThe Maximum Allowable Operating Pres-sure of the fuel gas piping system in psig as determined inaccordance with CFR, Title 49, Part 192 and as represented inthe following:MAOP 5 P 5 2 3 S/DR21! 3 fD(1)where:S = the PA 11 or PA 12 materials HDB as published inPPI TR-4,DR = the pipes di
20、mension ratio determined by dividing thepipes specified nominal outside diameter by thepipes specified wall thickness; and,fD= the design factor for thermoplastic fuel gas piping asset by the authority having jurisdiction. In the UnitedStates, the design factor is cited in CFR, Title 49, Part192.121
21、.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 Types of Mechanical Fittings:3.2.2 in-line fitting, nmechanical fitting used to make amechanical joint where the bore axis of compression andsealing zones of the fitting is essentially the same as theconnected pipe, for example, couplings, el
22、ls, and tees.3.2.3 mechanical saddle fitting, nmechanical fitting usedto make a mechanical joint that allows a lateral connection toan exiting main in which a portion of the fitting is contoured tomatch the O.D. of the pipe to which it is attached. Hereinreferred to as the saddle fitting mating pipe
23、 or main pipe size.4. Materials and Manufacture Requirements4.1 Polyamide 11 (PA 11) and Polyamide 12 (PA12) pres-sure containing materials subject to continuous stress, eitherhoop or axial, shall meet the requirements of SpecificationD 2513, Annex A5, have an ASTM material specification, andthe mat
24、erials long-term strength, such as the long-term hydro-static strength, determined in accordance with Test MethodD 2837, excepting that failure data can be obtained fromspecimens such as the following: tensile bars, plane strain, oractual fitting samples.4.2 The physical properties of the PA 11 and
25、PA 12 materialused to produce the fitting shall be available from the fittingmanufacturer upon request.4.3 Specifications outlining all the physical properties andeffects of environmental conditions for the PA 11 and PA 12material used to produce the fitting shall be available from thefitting manufa
26、cturer upon request.NOTE 1Materials in long term contact with natural gas of line qualityand LP gas vapor should be demonstrated not to adversely affect theperformance of the fitting.NOTE 2Materials should have demonstrated resistance to environ-mental stress cracking when exposed, under stress to c
27、hemical compoundsencountered in, or external gas piping systems, and a demonstratedresistance to bacteriological decomposition. Such compounds include icethawing chemicals, fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides, leak detectionfluids, acids, bases, and, antifreeze solutions used to thaw frozen lines.
28、 Theeffects of liquid environments such as antifreeze agents, odorants, andhydrocarbons are known to be deleterious to some plastics, particularlyunder service conditions.5. Dimensions5.1 The dimensions and tolerance shall be determined bythe manufacturer.6. Qualification Requirements6.1 GeneralUnle
29、ss otherwise specified, each nominal sizeof fitting shall be tested. Testing of the thickest wall pipe thatthe fitting is designed to be used with qualifies it with use oflesser wall thickness.6.1.1 Mechanical joint qualifications shall be performed onassembled joints using the fitting manufacturers
30、 joining proce-dure. All mechanical fitting offered by the manufacturer shallbe capable of meeting the requirements of this standard whenconnecting Polyamide 11 or Polyamide 12 gas piping comply-ing with Specification D 2513. To verify the structural integrityof the fitting body, representative samp
31、les shall be subjected tothe requirements of 6.2.1. It is not the intent of the specificationto require testing of all fitting configurations, that is, tees, ells,etc., but each mechanical joint design in each size.6.1.2 All mechanical fitting described in 3.2.1 shall have aninternal pipe reinforcin
32、g tubular insert stiffener that extends atleast under the seal and gripping device, where used. Thesaddle portion of saddle-type fittings do not require an internaltubular stiffener due to the nature of the connection.6.2 Performance Requirements:6.2.1 Elevated Temperature Sustained PressureThe fitt
33、ingjoint or pipe in the area affected by the fitting shall not fail asdefined in Test Method D 1598, when tested in accordancewith 7.2. The fitting or joint meets this requirement when testedin accordance with any one of the two conditions (A or B)listed in 7.2.6.2.2 Tensile StrengthThe pipe joint s
34、hall accommodatethe tensile loading when tested in accordance with 7.3.6.2.2.1 In-Line Fitting, Category 1The joint shall provideresistance to a force on the pipe equal to or greater than thatwhich will cause no less than 25 % elongation of pipe, or thepipe fails outside the joint area when tested i
35、n accordance with7.3.F21450926.2.2.2 Mechanical Saddle FittingsThe joint between thesaddle and mating pipe shall not fail by rotation or leakagewhen tested in accordance with 7.6.6.2.2.3 Joint restrain capabilities less than as defined aboveshall constitute failure of the test.6.2.3 Temperature Cycl
36、ing TestThe mechanical joint shallprovide a pressure seal after 10 cycles of the temperaturecycling test when tested in accordance with 7.4.6.2.4 Constant Tensile Load Joint TestThe joint shall notfail leakage or pullout when loaded to an axial tensile stress of1320 psi (9.1 Mpa) and tested in accor
37、dance with 7.5.7. Test Methods7.1 GeneralThe test methods of the specification coversthe mechanical joint designs. Test methods that are applicablefrom other specifications will be referenced in the sectionpertaining to that particular test.7.1.1 ConditioningCondition the specimen prior to join-ing
38、at 73.4 6 3.6F for not less than 16 h.7.1.2 Test ConditionsConduct the tests at the standard labtemperature of 73.4 6 3.6F.7.1.3 Test SpecimensTests joints shall be prepared withthe appropriate size PA 11 and PA 12 pipe, complying with thedimensional requirements of Specification D 2513, in accor-da
39、nce with the manufacturers joining procedure.7.2 Elevated Temperature Sustained Pressure Test:7.2.1 The apparatus and report shall be specified in TestMethod D 1598. Test six joints assembled in accordance with6.1.1.7.2.2 The assembled joints shall be tested in accordancewith Test Method D 1598 with
40、 the exception that it is notrequired that 12 in. or five times the nominal outside diameterof the pipe used in conducting the test be placed on each sideof the fitting being tested. The test shall be conducted at one ofthe time/temperature/hoop stress combinations shown in Table1 with the test pres
41、sure calculated using Eq 2. If ductile failureoccurs in the pipe at 176F (80C) /1600 psi (9.4 MPa) hoopstress, retest at 176F (80C)/1250 psi (12.6 MPa) hoop stress.P 5 2S/DR 1! (2)where:P = test pressure, psig,S = hoop stress from Table 1, andDR = dimension ratio (OD/wall).7.2.3 Failure of two of th
42、e six specimens tested shallconstitute failure in the test. Failure of one of the six specimenstested is cause for retest of six additional specimens. Failure ofone of the six specimens in retest shall constitute failure of thetest. Evidence of failure of the pipe shall be defined in TestMethod D 15
43、98.7.3 Tensile Strength Test:7.3.1 Test specimens shall be prepared so that the minimumlength of unreinforced pipe is equal to five times the nominaloutside diameter of the pipe being tested. It is permissible totest multiple joints together provided that minimum length ofunreinforced pipe exists on
44、 at least one joint.7.3.2 In-line fittings shall be tested with the apparatus asspecified in Test Method D 638 and reported as specified inTest Method D 638. Test six joints.7.3.3 The test shall be conducted at 73.4 6 3.6F.7.3.4 The speed of the testing shall be .2 in./min 6 25 %.7.3.5 Failure of tw
45、o of the six specimens tested shallconstitute failure of the test. Failure of one of the six specimensis cause of retest of six additional specimens. Failure of one ofthe six specimens in retest shall constitute failure of the test.7.4 Thermal Cycling Test:7.4.1 Test shall be conducted on six of the
46、 smallest and sixof the largest nominal pipe sizes of each mechanical jointdesign and assembled in accordance with 6.1.1.7.4.2 Leak test specimens at ambient at 7 6 3 psig and aminimum of 1.5 3 MAOP.7.4.3 Cool specimens to a temperature of -20 6 3.6F andmaintain for a minimum of 2.5 h.7.4.4 Conditio
47、n specimens to a temp of 140 6 3.6F andmaintain for a minimum of 2.5 h.7.4.5 Repeat 7.4.3 and 7.4.4 for a total of 10 cycles.7.4.6 Pressurize 50 % of the specimens of each size at 7 63 psig and the remaining 50 % of each size at 1.5 3 MAOP ofthe piping material and SDR that the fittings are designed
48、 to beused with. Leak test first at 140 6 3.6F and then at -20 63.6F.NOTE 3If immersion is used for leak testing, and the design of thejoint is such that air can be trapped within the joint assembly, allowadequate time for all air trapped within the joint to escape prior toobserving for leaks.7.5 Co
49、nstant Tensile Load Joint Tests (In-Line Joints Only):7.5.1 One specimen of each nominal pipe size shall betested in accordance with Test Method F 1588 for a minimumof 1000 h at an internal pressure between 4 psig (27.6 kPa) andthe pipe MAOP.7.5.2 Failure of the specimen shall constitute failure of thetest.7.6 Rotation Test (Mechanical Saddle Fittings Only):7.6.1 Test shall be conducted on six of the smallest andlargest nominal pipe sizes of each mechanical joint design andassembly assembled in accordance with 6.1.1.7.6.2 The test shall be c
