1、Designation: F2168 02 (Reapproved 2008)F2168 13 An American National StandardStandard Specification forPacking Material, Graphitic, Corrugated Ribbon or TexturedTape, and Die-Formed Ring1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2168; the number immediately following the designation indic
2、ates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 ScopeThis specification covers various type
3、s, classes, and grades of flexible graphite material in which valve mediatemperatures are limited to a maximum of 1050F (966C). 966C. Where this specification is invoked as ASTM F2168, Sections1 18 apply. Where this specification is invoked as ASTM/DoD F2168, Sections 1 18 and the Supplementary Requ
4、irements areapplicable. apply.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C559 Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articl
5、esC561 Test Method for Ash in a Graphite SampleC816 Test Method for Sulfur in Graphite by Combustion-Iodometric Titration MethodC889 Test Methods for Chemical and Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Nuclear-Grade Gadolinium Oxide (Gd2O3) PowderD129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General Hi
6、gh Pressure Decomposition Device Method)D512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion In WaterD1179 Test Methods for Fluoride Ion in WaterD1246 Test Method for Bromide Ion in WaterD3178 Test Methods for Carbon and Hydrogen in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke (Withdrawn 2007)3D3684 Test Method for Total Mer
7、cury in Coal by the Oxygen BombCombustion/Atomic Absorption MethodD3761 Test Method for Total Fluorine in Coal by the Oxygen Bomb Combustion/Ion Selective Electrode MethodD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingD4239 Test Method for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke Using High-Temperatur
8、e Tube Furnace Combustion3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 accordion crease, nbecause of the method of construction of die-formed rings, an accordion-like linear indication(crease) may appear singularly or in multiple locations around the inside and outside diameter surface.3.1.2 corrosion inhibit
9、ors, nadditives to the products to function in a passive or sacrificial manner to reduce galvaniccorrosion. These additives are typically embedded zinc powder, phosphorus, or barium molybdate.3.1.3 corrugated ribbon, ngraphite ribbon or tape that is subjected to mechanical pressure in a consistent m
10、anner to applysurface indentations to the tape or ribbon.3.1.4 density, nthe mass per unit volume at a specified temperature.3.1.5 detrimental materials, nabrasive or chemically active constituents such as ash particles (in high ash content foils) orelemental materials that can cause galvanic action
11、 or corrosion in long-term storage or service environments.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.02 onInsulation/Processes.Current edition approved May 1, 2008Oct. 1, 2013. Published Ju
12、ly 2008October 2013. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 asF2168 - 02.F2168 - 02(2008). DOI: 10.1520/F2168-02R08.10.1520/F2168-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Bo
13、ok of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indicat
14、ion of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be cons
15、idered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.6 die-formed ring, na packing ring made by mechanically compacting winds of graphite ribbon or braided packing in adie or fixture.3.1.7 lot, nall finishe
16、d packing of one size, type, class, and grade produced in a continuous run or at the same time underessentially the same conditions.3.1.8 set, nthe packing components required to pack one valve.3.1.9 size, nrefers to the physical dimensions of the packing material.4. Classification4.1 Classification
17、The material shall be of the following types, classes, and grades as specified (see Section 5).4.1.1 Type ICorrugated ribbon or textured tape.4.1.2 Type IIDie-formed ring.4.1.3 Class 1For use where detrimental material content of the packing need not be controlled beyond normal manufacturinglimit (c
18、ommercial grade).4.1.4 Class 2For use where detrimental material content mustshall be controlled to the limits specified herein.4.1.5 Grade ATreated with corrosion inhibitor.4.1.6 Grade BNo corrosion inhibitor.5. Ordering Information5.1 Contracts or orders for the units under this specification shal
19、l include the following information:5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this specification.5.1.2 Type, class, and grade.5.1.3 Type of corrosion inhibitor (see 6.1.3 and Supplementary Requirements).5.1.4 Specify density of die-formed rings.5.1.5 Inspection, testing, and certification of the material sho
20、uldshall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier aspart of the purchase contract (see Sections 14 and 16).5.1.6 When die-formed (Type II) packing rings are desired, the ring height, inside diameter, outside diameter, number of cuts,and number of packing rings required per set (see 9.2
21、and 9.3).5.1.7 Marking requirements (see Section 17 and Supplementary Requirements).5.1.8 Packaging requirements (see Section 18 and Supplementary Requirements).5.1.9 Application data (to include operating pressure, operating temperature, and media).5.1.10 Specify thickness of Type I.6. Materials an
22、d Manufacture6.1 MaterialRequirements specified herein apply to Class 1 and Class 2 and Grade A and Grade B packing, except wherenoted.6.1.1 Type IThe packing shall be made entirely of flexible graphitic material having no binders and meeting the requirementsof Tables 1 and 2.6.1.2 Type IIDie-formed
23、 packing rings shall be manufactured from flexible graphitic material conforming to the requirementsof Tables 1 and 2.6.1.3 Coating and Corrosion-Inhibiting Treatments:6.1.3.1 Grade AGrade A packing shall be provided with a powdered zinc active corrosion-inhibiting treatment or a passiveinhibiting t
24、reatment such as phosphorous or barium molybdate, as specified (see Section 5). IfWhen the use of inhibitors isrequired, both passive and active inhibitors shall be permitted to be used.6.1.3.2 Grade BGrade B packing shall not contain corrosion-inhibiting additives.6.1.4 Mercury ExclusionDuring manu
25、facturing, fabrication, handling, packaging, and packing, the packing material shall notcome in contact with mercury or mercury containing compounds.7. Properties7.1 Chemical and Physical PropertiesUnless otherwise specified, the properties of the finished packing shall conform to therequirements of
26、 Table 1. Class 2 also requires compliance with Table 2.TABLE 1 Chemical and Physical PropertiesProperty Value Unit TestDensity, bulk as specified kg/m3 13.5Ash 1 % by mass, max 13.3Graphite purity 99 %, min 13.4F2168 1327.2 Prohibited AdditionsThere shall be no intentional additions of any of the d
27、etrimental materials of Table 2 or antimony(Sb), arsenic (As), bismuth (Bi), cadmium (Cd), gallium (Ga), indium (In), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), silver (Ag), or tin (Sn) duringthe manufacturing, fabrication, handling, packaging, and packing of the product.8. Other Requirements8.1 No other requirements
28、 noted.9. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations9.1 Type I Ribbon PackingUnless otherwise specified (see Section 5), the packing shall be uniformly coiled, spooled, or reeledin accordance with Table 3.9.2 Type II Die-Formed PackingUnless otherwise specified (see Section 5), the tolerances for
29、Type II packing shall be inaccordance with Table 4. The tolerance applies to finished rings before any cutting operations.9.3 Split RingsThe number of cuts (zero, one, or two) shall be as specified (see Section 5). Cuts shall be made atapproximately a 45 angle such that an overlapping joint is forme
30、d in the compressed state. When two cuts are required (separatingthe ring into two parts), the resulting parts shall be approximately the same dimension. IfWhen the number of cuts is not specified,single-cut rings shall be provided.10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance10.1 WorkmanshipThe packing s
31、hall be free from extraneous material and visual defects that may affect its serviceability, asdefined in Table 5.11. Quality Assurance11.1 Quality SystemsManufacturers shall be prepared to document use of a quality system such as compliance with an ISO9000 series program or similar program.12. Spec
32、imen Preparation12.1 Specimen PreparationBuyer and seller shall agree on specimen preparation.13. Test Methods13.1 TestsIn the event When tests are required as part of the purchasing requirements (see 5.1.5), tests shall be made inaccordance with the following testsmethods or by way of alternate met
33、hods of analysis with equal to or improved accuracy andprecision. The use of an alternate analytical method requires the prior written consent of the purchasing party before acceptanceTABLE 2 Detrimental Materials (Class 2 Only (See 13.6)ElementMaximum TotalAllowable ImpurityLevels in Parts perMilli
34、on (ppm)Mercury (Hg) 10Sulfur (S) 750Total halogens (chlorine, bromine, andfluorine) 500Chlorine (Cl) 250Bromine (Br) 250Fluorine (F) 250TABLE 3 Dimensions for Type IWidth Length, min0.25 0.030 in (6 0.075 mm) 25 ft (7.62 m)0.50 0.030 in (12 0.075 mm) 25 ft (7.62 m)0.75 0.030 in (18 0.075 mm) 50 ft
35、(15.24 m)1.00 0.030 in (25 0.075 mm) 50 ft (15.24 m)TABLE 3 Dimensions for Type IWidth Length, min6 0.075 mm 7.62 m12 0.075 mm 7.62 m18 0.075 mm 15.24 m25 0.075 mm 15.24 mF2168 133will be allowed. Except for the corrosion-inhibiting treatment exceptions of 13.3 and 13.4, all testing shall be perform
36、ed on finalproduct after completion of all processing, including application of any binders and, if required, corrosion inhibitors.13.2 SizeThe size shall be determined by measuring each sample selected for visual examination (see Table 4).13.3 Ash ContentThe ash content shall be determined in accor
37、dance with Test Method C561 (see Table 1). For Grade Apacking only, the test shall be conducted before the corrosion-inhibiting treatment or the added mass of the corrosion inhibitor shallbe determined and subtracted from the base mass of the sample.13.4 Graphite PurityThe sample shall be dried to a
38、 constant mass at 300 6 5F (149 6 3C) 149 6 3C before testing. ForGrade A packing only, the test shall be conducted before the corrosion-inhibiting treatment or the added mass of the corrosioninhibitor shall be determined and subtracted from the base mass of the sample. The percent carbon shall be b
39、ased upon mass ofthe dried sample. This determination shall be made in accordance with Test Methods D3178 or an alternate method of analysis withequal or improved accuracy and precision (see Table 1).13.5 Bulk DensityThe bulk density of the Type I and Type II materials shall be determined in accorda
40、nce with Test MethodC559.13.6 Detrimental Material TestsFor determination of the detrimental materials listed in Table 2 for Class 2 only, the testmethods of Table 6 or alternate methods of equal or improved accuracy and precision shall be used.14. Inspection and Testing14.1 Inspection and testing o
41、f the material shouldshall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier as part of thepurchase contract (see 5.1.5).15. Rejection15.1 Materials that fail to conform to the requirements of this specification shall be rejected. Rejection shall be reported to theproducer or supplier promptly a
42、nd in writing. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of testing, the producer shall make claimfor a rehearing or provide for third party testing.TABLE 4 Tolerances for Type II PackingInside Diameter (i.d.) Outside Diameter (o.d.) Thicknessto 1 in. (25 mm) o.d. +0.010 in. (0.25 mm) +0.000 in. (
43、0.000 mm) 0.020 in. (0.50 mm)-0.000 in. (0.000 mm) -0.010 in. (0.25 mm)1 in. (25 mm) and aboveo.d.+0.015 in. (0.38 mm) +0.000 in. (0.000 mm) 0.030 in. (0.75 mm)-0.000 in. (0.000 mm) -0.015 in. (0.38 mm)TABLE 4 Tolerances for Type II PackingInside Diameter (i.d.) Outside Diameter (o.d.) Thicknessto 2
44、5 mm o.d. +0.25 mm +0.000 mm 0.50 mm-0.000 mm -0.25 mm25 mm and above o.d. +0.38 mm +0.000 mm 0.75 mm-0.000 mm -0.38 mmTABLE 5 Classification of Visual DefectsItem CategoryMajorType I corrugated ribbon or textured tape Void.Type I corrugated ribbon or textured tape Void.Rip or tear in ribbon.Particu
45、late or extraneous matter on surface that is not easily removed without damaging the packing.Noncontinuous length (no joints).Lack of corrugation or textured surface area.Creasing or crimping.Type II die-formed rings Holes or voids.Particulate or extraneous matter on surface that is not easily remov
46、ed without damaging the packing.Delaminations (laminated rings).Gouges (minor indentations less than 0.005 in. in depth resulting from normal production and handling areacceptable).Gouges (minor indentations less than 0.12 mm in depth resulting from normal production and handling areacceptable).Spli
47、t rings not cut cleanly.Lack of corrosion inhibitor (Grade A only).Wrong corrosion inhibitor (Grade A only).Presence of corrosion inhibitor (Grade B only).Cracking (crevices of no appreciable width associated with folds (accordion creases), ply terminations, or plies ofdie molded ribbon packing ring
48、s are acceptable.)F2168 13416. Certification16.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, the purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples representingeach lot have been tested and the requirements have been met. When specified in the purchase order or contract, a report of thete
49、st results shall be furnished.16.2 Detrimental Materials ControlFor Class 2 material only, the vendor shall provide certification that the limits of Table2 have been met and that low melting metals (Sb,As, Bi, Cd, Pb, Sn, Ga, In,Ag, Hg and Zn Zn for Grade B only) have not beenadded as intentional constituents. In lieu of specific test results for the lot to be delivered, certifications shall be based on tests ofboth raw materials and production lots of similar finished packing material over an exten
