1、Designation: F2170 17F2170 18Standard Test Method forDetermining Relative Humidity in Concrete Floor SlabsUsing in situ Probes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisio
2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of percent relative humidity in concrete slabs f
3、or field or laboratorytests.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of th
4、e safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.Specific warnings are given in Section 7, 10.3.2, and 10
5、.4.4.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers
6、to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E104 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidity by Means of Aqueous SolutionsE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsF710 Practice for Preparing Concrete Floors to Receive Resilient Floorin
7、g2.2 OSHA Standard:31926.1153 Respirable crystalline silica3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 relative humidity, nratio of the amount of water vapor actually in the air compared to the amount of water vapor requiredfor saturation at that particular temperature and pressure, expressed as a percentag
8、e.3.1.2 service temperature and relative humidity, naverage ambient air temperature and relative humidity that typically will befound in a buildings occupied spaces during normal use.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method comprises two procedures for forming holes in concrete into which a rel
9、ative humidity probe is placed.ProcedureAfor hardened concrete involves drilling a cylindrical hole in concrete with a rotary hammerdrill, then placing a hollowsleeve to line the hole. Procedure B is an alternative procedure for fresh concrete, which involves forming a cylindrical hole inconcrete by
10、 placing a hollow cylindrical tube in the formwork, then placing and consolidating concrete around the tube. The lineror tube permits measurement of RH at a specific, well-defined depth in the concrete.4.2 Methods of probe calibration and factors affecting equilibration are described in Section 8.1
11、This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F06 on Resilient Floor Coverings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F06.40 on Practices.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017Jan. 1, 2018. Published October 2017February 2018. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous editi
12、on approved in 20162017 asF2170-16b.-17. DOI: 10.1520/F2170-17.10.1520/F2170-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page o
13、n the ASTM website.3 Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 200 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20210, http:/www.osha.gov.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been mad
14、e to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copy
15、right ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Significance and Use5.1 Excessive moisture in floor slabs after floor covering has been installed can cause floor covering system failures such asdebonding, peaking and deterioration of f
16、inish flooring and coatings and microbial growth.5.2 Manufacturers of such systems generally require moisture testing to be performed before installation on concrete. Internalrelative humidity testing is one such method.5.3 Moisture test results indicate the moisture condition of the slab only at th
17、e time of the test and in the specific locations tested.6. Apparatus6.1 Hole Liner, made of plastic or non-corroding metal. The liner shall have the shape of a hollow right circular cylinder andshall be between 0.37 to 0.75-in. (10 to 20 mm) outside diameter.6.1.1 The liner shall have a solid sidewa
18、ll that is open only at the bottom and at the top. Slots, holes, or other penetrations inthe sidewall of the liner are not permitted. Two or more deformable circumferential fins located around the exterior circumferencenear the bottom of the liner shall be provided to create a positive seal against
19、the concrete. The liner shall be of sufficient lengthto extend from the bottom diameter of the hole to the surface of the concrete. See Fig. 1.NOTE 1The purpose of the liner is to isolate the probe from the sidewall of the hole so that moisture only enters into the sensor from a specific depthat the
20、 bottom of the hole. The specified diameter range will usually permit the hole to intersect a sufficient volume of cement paste to provide adequatemoisture interaction with the sensor for accurate measurement. Smaller diameter holes may intersect only a single aggregate particle at the bottom of the
21、hole and therefore produce inaccurate results. If the user observes that the bottom of the hole is occupied by a single aggregate particle, do not use thathole.6.2 Humidity Probe and Digital MeterRelative humidity and temperature sensors in cylindrical probe, designed such thatwhen the probe is inst
22、alled to its full depth within the hole liner, the following geometrical considerations shall be met:6.2.1 The sensing elements of the probe shall be located within 0.625 6 0.125 in. (15.9 6 3 mm) of the base of the liner andthe probe sealed or gasketed within itself and the liner such that the volu
23、me of air being measured cannot escape upward beyond0.625 6 0.125 in. (15.9 6 3 mm) within the probe itself or the liner. See Fig. 2.6.2.2 Obtain probes from a manufacturer with NIST traceable calibration equal to or better than 62 % relative humidity at 50% relative humidity and 62 % relative humid
24、ity at 90 % relative humidity.NOTE 2Calibration by end-users using saturated salt solutions in accordance with Practice E104 is not recommended due to the technical difficultiesof maintaining sufficiently accurate reference standards. Checking with salt solutions is an acceptable method of assessing
25、 probe performance.7. Hazards7.1 Silica and Asbestos WarningDo not sand, dry sweep, dry scrape, drill, saw, beadblast, or mechanically chip or pulverizeexisting resilient flooring, backing, lining felt, paint, asphaltic cutback adhesives, or other adhesives. These products may containasbestos fibers
26、 or crystalline silica. (See OSHA 1926.1153 for latest OSHA requirements). Avoid creating dust. Use of dustcollection equipment and appropriate personal protective equipment such as an approved respirator may be required to controlworker exposure to respirable crystalline silica produced from drilli
27、ng concrete. Inhalation of such dust is a cancer and respiratorytract hazard. Smoking by individuals exposed to asbestos fibers greatly increases the risk of serious bodily harm. Unless positivelycertain that the product is a nonasbestos-containing material, presume that it contain asbestos. Regulat
28、ions may require that thematerial be tested to determine asbestos content. The Resilient Floor Covering Institutes (RFCI) recommended work practices forremoval of existing resilient floor coverings should be consulted for a defined set of instructions addressed to the task of removingall resilient f
29、loor covering structures.47.2 Lead WarningCertain paints may contain lead. Exposure to excessive amounts of lead dust presents a health hazard. Referto applicable federal, state, and local laws and guidelines for hazard identification and abatement of lead-based paint published by4 Recommended Work
30、Practices for Removal of Resilient Floor Coverings, Resilient Floor Covering Institute, 401 East Jefferson St., Suite 102, Rockville, MD 20850.115Broad St., Suite 201, La Grange, GA 30240, .FIG. 1 Example Hole with LinerF2170 182the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development regarding appropri
31、ate methods for identifying lead-based paint andremoving such paint, and any licensing, certification, and training requirements for persons performing lead abatement work.57.3 Wet Concrete WarningContact with wet (unhardened) concrete, mortar, cement, or cement mixtures can cause skinirritation, se
32、vere chemical burns, or serious eye damage. Wear waterproof gloves, a long-sleeved shirt, full-length trousers, andproper eye protection when working with these materials. If you have to stand in wet concrete, use waterproof boots that are highenough to keep concrete from flowing into them. Wash wet
33、 concrete, mortar, cement, or cement mixtures from your skinimmediately after contact. Indirect contact through clothing can be as serious as direct contact, so promptly rinse out wet concrete,mortar, cement, or cement mixtures from clothing. Seek immediate medical attention if you have persistent o
34、r severe discomfort.8. Calibration8.1 Recalibrate probes at least annually or more frequently if exposed to environmental conditions that affect measurementaccuracy.8.2 Check probe calibration within 30 days before use by the following procedure:8.2.1 Calibration Check Procedure, Saturated Salt Solu
35、tionsPrepare saturated salt solutions in accordance with PracticeE104. Follow probe manufacturers recommended procedure for exposing probes. Check probes at relative humidity (RH) equalto or greater than 75 % RH. Record the as-found relative humidity of the probe and the nominal relative humidity of
36、 the saltsolutions. If the as-found relative humidity differs from the nominal relative humidity by more than 2 % RH (below 90 % relativehumidity) or by more than 3 % RH (from 90 to 100 % relative humidity), recalibrate the probe before use or discard.9. Conditioning9.1 Concrete floor slabs shall be
37、 at service temperature and the occupied air space above the floor slab shall be at servicetemperature and service relative humidity for at least 48 h before making relative humidity measurements in the concrete slab.5 Lead-Based Paint: Interim Guidelines for Hazard Identification and Abatement in P
38、ublic and Indian Housing, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development,NTIS Order Number PB91-144311. Available online from www.fedworld.gov.FIG. 2 Example % RH - Probe Element PositionF2170 18310. Procedure10.1 Number of Tests and Locations:10.1.1 Perform three tests for the first 1000 ft2 (100
39、 m2) and at least one additional test for each additional 1000 ft2 (100 m2).10.1.2 Select test locations to provide information about moisture distribution across the entire concrete floor slab, especiallyareas of potential high moisture. Include a test location within 1 m (3 ft)3 ft (1 m) of each e
40、xterior wall.10.2 Determine the appropriate depth for probe holes from the following table:Drying Conditions Drill-to Depth from Top of SlabSlab drying from top only(Example: slab on ground withvapor retarder below, or slabon metal deck)40 %(Example: 1.6 in. (41 mm) deep in4-in. (100-mm) thick slab)
41、Slab drying from top only(Example: slab on ground withvapor retarder below, or slabon metal deck)40 %(Example: 1.6 in. (41 mm) deep in4-in. (102-mm) thick slab)Slab drying from top andbottom(Example: elevated structuralslab not in metal deck)20 %(Example: 0.8 in. (20 mm) deep in4-in. (100-mm) thick
42、slab)Slab drying from top andbottom(Example: elevated structuralslab not in metal deck)20 %(Example: 0.8 in. (20 mm) deep in4-in. (102-mm) thick slab)Fluted Metal Deck(Composite)40 % of maximum slab thickness(Example: 2.4 in. (61 mm) deep ina 3-6 in. (76-152 mm) thick fluteddeck slab)NOTE 3Testing a
43、t these depths will indicate the potential equilibrium relative humidity that will be established within the concrete slab after alow-permeability floor covering is applied.10.2.1 Drilled hole depth shall be calculated using the established concrete slab thickness of the concrete slab.10.3 Procedure
44、 ADrilled Holes:10.3.1 Use a rotary hammerdrill with a carbide-tipped drill bit to drill holes to required depth. Drill bit diameter shall not exceed0.04 in. (1 mm) larger than the external diameter of the hole liner. Hole shall be drilled dry. Do not use water for cooling orlubrication; do not wet-
45、core test hole.10.3.2 Remove dust from the hole using a vacuum cleaner. (WarningAvoid blowing dust from the hole that might becomerespirable. Wear respiratory protection if necessary to avoid breathing concrete dust while drilling and cleaning holes.)10.3.2.1 After cleaning, measure drilled hole dep
46、th at bottom outside edge (circumference) to ensure appropriate depth has beenreached in accordance with 10.2. Drilled hole depth shall not be less than the appropriate calculated value as listed in the table in10.2.10.3.3 Record drilled hole depth measured at the bottom outside edge (circumference)
47、 after cleaning.10.3.4 Insert hole liner to bottom of hole. Place rubber stopper into upper Cap or seal open end of hole liner and seal aroundliner to concrete at concrete surface with joint sealant, caulk, or gasketed cover.any open gaps at the top of the liner permanufacturers instructions.10.3.5
48、Allow 7224 h to achieve moisture equilibrium within the hole before making relative humidity measurements.10.3.6 Continue the determination of relative humidity in accordance with 10.5.NOTE 4Measurement of relative humidity on concrete powder collected from a drilled hole does not produce results of
49、 sufficient accuracy to meetthe purposes described in Significance and Use.10.4 Alternative Procedure BCast Holes:10.4.1 Before placing concrete, secure liner tube to formwork or steel reinforcement to avoid displacement of tubes duringconcrete placement, consolidation, and finishing.10.4.2 Secure a solid rod slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the liner into the liner so that the bottom end of the rodis flush with the bottom end of the liner at measurement depth and the top end protrudes above the top of the liner. This rod willexclude fresh c
