1、Designation: F 2207 06An American National StandardStandard Specification forCured-in-Place Pipe Lining System for Rehabilitation ofMetallic Gas Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2207; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or
2、, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers requirements and method oftesting for materials, dim
3、ensions, hydrostatic burst strength,chemical resistance, adhesion strength and tensile strengthproperties for cured-in-place (CIP) pipe liners installed intoexisting metallic gas pipes,34 to 48 in. nominal pipe size, forrenewal purposes. The maximum allowable operating pressure(MAOP) of such renewed
4、 gas pipe shall not exceed a pressureof 300 psig (2060 kPa). The cured-in-place pipe liners coveredby this specification are intended for use in pipelines transport-ing natural gas, petroleum fuels (propane-air and propane-butane vapor mixtures), and manufactured and mixed gases,where resistance to
5、gas permeation, ground movement, internalcorrosion, leaking joints, pinholes, and chemical attack arerequired.1.2 The medium pressure (up to 100 psig) cured-in-placepipe liners (Section A) covered by this specification areintended for use in existing structurally sound or partiallydeteriorated metal
6、lic gas pipe as defined in 3.2.10. The highpressure (over 100 psig up to 300 psig) cured-in-place pipeliners (Section B) covered by this specification are intended foruse only in existing structurally sound steel gas pipe as definedin 3.2.10. CIP liners are installed with limited excavation usingan
7、inversion method (air or water) and are considered to be atrenchless pipeline rehabilitation technology. The inverted lineris bonded to the inside wall of the host pipe using a compatibleadhesive (usually an adhesive or polyurethane) in order toprevent gas migration between the host pipe wall and th
8、e CIPliner and, also, to keep the liner from collapsing under its ownweight.1.2.1 Continued growth of external corrosion, if undetectedand unmitigated, could result in loss of the host pipe structuralintegrity to such an extent that the liner becomes the solepressure bearing element in the rehabilit
9、ated pipeline structure.The CIP liner is not intended to be a stand-alone pipe and relieson the structural strength of the host pipe. The operator mustmaintain the structural integrity of the host pipe so that the linerdoes not become free standing.1.3 MPL CIP liners (Section A) can be installed in
10、partiallydeteriorated pipe as defined in 3.2.10. Even for low pressuregas distribution systems, which typically operate at less than 1psig, MPL CIP liners are not intended for use as a stand-alonegas carrier pipe but rely on the structural integrity of the hostpipe. Therefore, the safe use of cured-
11、in-place pipe liningtechnology for the rehabilitation of existing cast iron, steel, orother metallic gas piping systems, operating at pressures up to100 psig, is contingent on a technical assessment of theprojected operating condition of the pipe for the expected 30 to50 year life of the CIP liner.
12、Cured-in-place pipe liners areintended to repair/rehabilitate structurally sound pipelineshaving relatively small, localized defects such as localizedcorrosion, welds that are weaker than required for service, orloose joints (cast iron pipe), where leaks might occur.1.3.1 HPL CIP liners (Section B)
13、are intended for use onlyin existing structurally sound steel gas pipe as defined in3.2.10. HPL CIP liners are not intended for use as a stand-alonegas carrier pipe but rely on the structural integrity of the hostpipe. Therefore, the safe use of cured-in-place pipe liningtechnology for the rehabilit
14、ation of existing steel gas pipingsystems, operating at pressures up to 300 psig, is contingent ona technical assessment of the projected operating condition ofthe pipe for the expected 30 to 50 year life of the CIP liner.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if an
15、y, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 543 Pract
16、ices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics toChemical ReagentsD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic PipeUnder Constant Internal Pressure1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct
17、 responsibility of Subcommittee F17.60 on Gas.Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2006. Published December 2006 Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F 2207 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at servi
18、ceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlas
19、ticsD 1763 Specification for Epoxy ResinsD 2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometerHardnessD 2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic DesignBasis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure DesignBasis for Thermoplastic Pipe ProductsD 3167 Test Method for Floating Roller Peel Resistance ofAd
20、hesivesD 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD 4848 Terminology of Force, Deformation and RelatedProperties of TextilesD 4850 Terminology Relating to FabricF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems2.2 Other Standards:CFR 49 Part 1923. Terminology3.1 GeneralDefinitions are in ac
21、cordance with those setforth in Terminologies D 123, D 883, D 4848, D 4850, andF 412. Abbreviations are in accordance with TerminologyD 1600, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 adhesive systemthe adhesive system is typically atwo-part adhesive or poly
22、urethane consisting of a resin and ahardener. The flexible tubing, after wet-out, is inserted into thepipeline to be rehabilitated using an inversion method. Afterthe inversion is complete, the adhesive is cured using eitherambient or thermal processes.3.2.2 cleaned pipepipe whose inside wall, that
23、which isbonded to the CIP pipe liner, has been cleaned down to baremetal and is free of tars, pipeline liquids, oils, corrosionby-products, and other materials that could impair the bondingof the liner to the pipe wall.3.2.3 compositethe composite is the combination of thecured adhesive system, the
24、elastomer skin, and the jacket.3.2.4 elastomer skinthe elastomer skin is a membrane,typically made of polyurethane or polyester, allowing for bothinversion of the liner during the installation process andpressure tight in-service operation. When the flexible tubing isinverted into the pipeline to be
25、 rehabilitated, the elastomer skinbecomes the inside surface of the newly rehabilitated pipeline,directly exposed to the gas being transported.3.2.5 expansion ratio tablea table of measured diametersof the flexible tubing at increments of pressure, supplied by themanufacturer. The expansion ratio is
26、 used to calculate thepressure required to fit the flexible tubing against the pipe walland to determine the applicable range of pipe I.D. for a givendiameter flexible tubing.3.2.6 flexible tubingthe flexible tube is the tubing materialinverted into the host pipe and is used to carry and distributet
27、he adhesive. For a two-component system, the flexible tubingconsists of a cylindrical jacket coated with an elastomer skin.For a three-component system, it is the same as the elastomerskin.3.2.7 high-pressure liner (HPL)a CIP liner only intendedfor structurally sound steel pipe in sizes 4 in. and la
28、rger with anMAOP greater than 100 psig up to 300 psig. High pressureliners (HPL) are only intended for steel pipe that has amaintained cathodic protection system with annual reads perlocal codes, such as CFR 49 Part 192, and other mandatedmaintenance, such as leak surveys. The PDB testing conductedo
29、n high pressure liners is intended for the extreme case if holesoccur in the steel pipe that are not detected by the cathodicprotection maintenance system. Corrosion monitoring perCFR 49 Part 192 shall be conducted annually to track changesin required readings and confirm there is no active corrosio
30、n3.2.8 jacketthe jacket is a textile product that is manufac-tured into a cylindrical form. It is made of synthetic materials,typically polyester, and provides the tensile strength andflexibility necessary to resist the specified sustained pressurewhen installed in partially deteriorated pipe as def
31、ined in3.2.10.3.2.9 medium-pressure liner (MPL) a CIP liner intendedfor all types of structurally sound or partly deteriorated metalpipes and for all applicable sizes of pipe with an MAOP of 100psig or less. MPL liners are relatively flexible.3.2.10 partially deteriorated metallic pipepipe that hase
32、ither been weakened or is leaking because of localizedcorrosion, welds that are weaker than required for service,deteriorated joints (cast iron), etc. Partially deteriorated pipecan support the soil and internal pressure throughout the designlife of the composite except at the relatively small local
33、 pointsidentified above.3.2.11 three-component systema CIP pipe lining systemcomprised of three separate components, which are the elas-tomer skin, the jacket, and the adhesive.3.2.12 two-component systema CIP pipe lining systemcomprised of two separate components, which are the flexibletube and the
34、 adhesive.3.2.13 wet-outthe process of placing the adhesive systeminto the flexible tubing and uniformly distributing it prior to theinversion process.4. Materials4.1 The materials shall consist of the flexible tubing, jacket,and the adhesive system. The combination of materials used inboth the flex
35、ible tubing and the adhesive system shall dependon the desired design characteristics of the composite. Allmaterials shall be compatible for natural gas service. BecauseCIP pipe liners are both multi-component and multi-materialsystems, it becomes necessary to specify minimum materialperformance req
36、uirements for the liner composite rather thanspecific material testing requirements for the individual com-ponents. These requirements are outlined in Section 5.4.1.1 Flexible TubingFor a two-component system, theflexible tubing consists of a jacket with an elastomer skin thatfunctions as a gas barr
37、ier. For a three-component system, theelastomer skin is the flexible tubing. The elastomer skin in bothsystems is typically made of polyurethane or polyester. Theflexible tubing is fit tightly against the inner surface of theexisting pipe by diametrical expansion using air or waterpressure and bonde
38、d to the inner pipe wall with an adhesive.4.1.2 JacketThe jacket is made of polyester or othersynthetic materials compatible with the application. The jacketprovides the necessary strength to the composite to meet therequired design characteristics, for example, resistance toF2207062internal and ext
39、ernal pressure, resistance to earth movement,and diametrical expandability.4.1.3 Elastomer SkinThe elastomer skin holds the adhe-sive system inside the flexible tubing during the wet-out,inversion, and curing. During the inversion and curing, theelastomer skin holds the air, water, or steam pressure
40、 inside theflexible tubing. When the flexible tubing is inverted into theexisting pipe, the elastomer skin becomes the inside surface ofthe lined pipe. Upon completion of the installation, theelastomer skin is directly exposed to the gas being transportedand forms a gas barrier. The elastomer skin s
41、hall have a highchemical resistance to the materials it is in contact with asdefined in 5.1.3. For two-component systems, the elastomerskin is extruded or otherwise placed on the outside of the jacketduring the manufacture of the flexible tubing.4.1.4 Adhesive SystemThe adhesive is a two-part system
42、composed of a resin and a hardener. The adhesive formulationcan be modified as necessary to meet the curing time, strength,and application requirements specified for the lining installa-tion. The cured adhesive system, in combination with theflexible tubing, forms the composite. Either ambient or th
43、ermalcuring of the adhesive system may be used.5. Requirements5.1 Jacket and Elastomer Skin (Pre-Installation):5.1.1 WorkmanshipBoth the jacket and the elastomer skinshall be free from defects such as tears, bubbles, cracks, andscratches that could cause the liner to not be able to holdinversion and
44、 expansion pressures and, therefore, fail duringinstallation. For two-component systems, the flexible tubingshall be rolled onto a reel designed to provide protection duringshipping and handling. For three-component systems, theelastomer skin shall be rolled onto reels designed to provideprotection
45、during shipping and handling. The jacket may eitherbe rolled onto reels or folded into boxes.5.1.2 DimensionsAn expansion ratio table, as defined in3.2.5, including nominal size and length, shall be attached toeach roll of flexible tubing or jacket and elastomer skin prior toshipment from the manufa
46、cturer. All material dimensions andphysical properties must at least meet the minimum specifica-tions, requirements, or tolerances assumed in establishing thestrength tests under Section 6.5.1.3 Chemical ResistanceThe jacket and the elastomerskin materials shall be compatible with the liquids listed
47、 inTable 1 and tested in accordance with Practice D 543, PracticeA, Procedure I. Neither tensile strength nor elongation of anyof the components shall change more than 20 %. Weight of thetest specimen after testing shall not have increased by morethan 14 % or decreased by more than 3 %. This test sh
48、all be aqualification test to be performed once for each class orpressure rating of installed pipe liner.NOTE 1These tests are only an indication of what will happen as aresult of short-term exposure to these chemicals. For long-term results,additional testing is required.5.1.4 Elastomeric Peeling S
49、trengthThe peeling strengthbetween the jacket and the elastomer skin shall meet or exceed7.0 lb/in. (1.2 kg/cm) when measured in accordance with TestMethod D 3167.5.1.5 Physical PropertiesFor two-component systems,the design pressure of the flexible tubing shall be sufficient towithstand the required installation, testing, and operatingpressures and to form the required composite. For three-component systems, the design pressure of the elastomer skinor flexible tube shall be sufficient to withstand the installationinversion pressure and the design pressure o
