1、Designation: F2217 02 (Reapproved 2012)F2217/F2217M 13Standard Practice forCoating/Adhesive Weight Determination1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2217;F2217/F2217M; the number immediately following the designation indicatesthe year of original adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers a procedure for determining the amount of coating applied to a substrate, (for exam
3、ple, film, paper,nonwoven). The amount of coating is expressed as a weight per given area, (for example, g/m2, lb/ream).1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eac
4、h system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to e
5、stablish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1898E171/E171M Practice for Sampling of PlasticsConditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Packaging (Withdrawn 1998)D4332 Practice for Co
6、nditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing3. Terminology3.1 coatinga material applied to enhance the characteristics of the base substrates. For this practice, the coating must besoluble in the chosen solvent.3.2 ream500 sheets of 609.6 by 914.4 mm (24 by 36 in.) equal to 2
7、78.7 m2 (3000 ft2).NOTE 1Other ream sizes may be in use. If using a ream size other than 278.7 m2 (3000 ft2), the conversion factor K (located in the appendix) mustbe recalculated if reporting results as lb/ream.4. Summary of Practice4.1 Representative samples of coated material are weighed, coating
8、 is removed using a solvent appropriate for the coating,samples are dried and weighed again. The differential obtained is the coating weight.4.2 Typical methodology is as follows:4.2.1 Cut representative samples using a cutting device and a template of known unit area “A” mm2 (in. 2), for example, 2
9、03.2by 50.8 mm (8 by 2 in.) template.4.2.2 Weigh each sample on the analytical balance to the nearest 0.0001 g and record the value “W1.” Samples may be foldedand placed on to the analytical balance.NOTE 2If sample is conditioned weigh immediately.4.2.3 Using solvent in which the coating is soluble
10、and the substrate is insoluble, remove coating from substrate. Typicalmethods are wiping with solvent saturated cloth, immersing samples in solvent to soften, then wiping with cloth or brush, ifneeded, or immersing sample, agitating to soften, then wiping with cloth or brush. For specific recommenda
11、tions contact the coatedsubstrate supplier.NOTE 3Accumulated coating in solvent, cloth or brush can reduce the ability to clean sample properly and may affect test results.1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on Flexible Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility o
12、f Subcommittee F02.20 on PhysicalProperties.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012April 1, 2013. Published November 2012June 2013. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20072012 asF2217 02 (2007).(2012). DOI: 10.1520/F2217-02R12.10.1520/F2217-13.2 For referencedASTM standards
13、, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM s
14、tandard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by
15、ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.2.4 Thoroughly dry the substrate with a drying appliance.Atimer should be used to ensure consistency in immersion, cleaningand drying tim
16、e. Drying of hygroscopic materials should be consistent with conditioning parameters.4.2.5 Re-weigh each sample on the analytical balance to the nearest 0.0001 g and record the value “W2.”4.2.6 Calculate and report the adhesive coat weight using the following equation:Adhesive Coat Weight5SK W12W2!A
17、P D (1)where:W1 = weight of coated substrate, g,W2 = weight of uncoated substrate, g,A = area of substrate, mm2 (in.2),P = fraction of substrate that is coated (P = 1 except for zone coated materials), andK = constant (see below).4.2.7 When coat weight is expressed in g/m2:K 513106 mm2/m2 (2)4.2.8 W
18、hen coat weight is expressed in lb/ream:K 5952.4 Sin.2lbreamgD (3)NOTE 4For explanation of how K is determined, see Appendix X1.5. Significance and Use5.1 Coating weight is an indicator of certain functional characteristics of coated substrates (for example, sealability, peelability,appearance). The
19、 methodology described in this practice is a means of determining coat weight.5.2 This practice does not address acceptability criteria. These need to be jointly determined by the user and producer of theproduct.5.3 The methodology described in this practice includes operator assessment of effective
20、 coating removal. This is a subjectiveassessment and requires operator training for consistent results.5.4 This practice is applicable to coated substrates in which only the coating is soluble in the chosen solvent. The solvent usedis critical to the success of the coating removal process. The coate
21、d substrate manufacturer must provide guidance in choice ofsolvent.6. Apparatus6.1 Analytical Balance, capable of reading to 0.0001 g is recommended. Balances of different degrees of precision may be usedif the result meets the required level of accuracy.6.2 SolventThe chemical composition of the co
22、ating and the substrate determine the solvent to use. The coating must bereadily soluble in the solvent while the substrate remains insoluble. Consult with your supplier for guidance on the solventselection.6.3 Fume Hood, is desirable.6.4 Container, appropriate for holding solvent.6.5 Clean Soft Clo
23、th, Brush, or Other Tool, for removing softened coating from the substrate surface.6.6 Solvent-resistant Gloves.6.7 Appliance, for drying substrate.6.8 Timer, for reference.6.9 Cutting Device, for example, a safety cutter or utility knife with retractable blade.6.10 Template Die, of known area for c
24、utting standard size coated web samples. Template should be part of a regular calibrationcheck to prevent loss in wear.7. Hazards7.1 Solvents may be toxic. When using solvents, work in a fume hood. Wear gloves when handling. Solvents may be flammable.Do not allow solvent to touch hot surfaces and en
25、sure vapors are vented away. See solvent Material Safety Data Sheet foradditional information.F2217/F2217M 1328. Sampling8.1 The number of samples tested should be adequate to be predictive of coating weight.8.2 Caution should be taken when eliminating samples with defects as this can bias results.8
26、.3 See Practice D1898 for guidance on standard sampling practices.9. Conditioning9.1 Conditioning of the samples to be tested will depend upon the material under evaluation. Hygroscopic substrates such aspaper should be dried immediately before testing. Typical drying parameters are 5 min at 54 to 6
27、0C (130 to 140F).9.2 See Refer to Practice D4332E171/E171M for guidance on standard conditioning practices.10. Report10.1 Apparatus used including degree of precision of analytical balance.10.2 Lot number and source of material, date, time, location, operator of test, and complete identification of
28、materials beingtested.10.3 Any conditioning of the materials.10.4 Any and all deviations from standard methodology.10.5 Number and identification of samples tested and coat weight values. Data may be reported as individual or average values.10.6 Type of solvent used, cleaning time and technique for
29、removal of coating.10.7 Drying time, temperature and method used for drying.11. Keywords11.1 adhesive weight; coat weight; flexible package; medical packageAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. Determination of KX1.1 Determination of K when reporting weight measurement in g/m2:X1.1.1 The adhesive co
30、at weight is to be reported in g/m2. However the formula W12W2AP will yield units of g/mm2: the weights,W1 and W2, are in units of grams, the area is in units of square millimeters, and the P is unitless. K is used to convert from unitsof g/mm2 to units of g/m2.K 5S1000 mmm D251106 mm2m2 (X1.1)X1.2
31、Determination of K when reporting weight measurement in lb/ream:X1.2.1 The adhesive coat weight is to be reported in lb/ream. However the formula W12W2AP will yield units of g/in.2: the weights,W1 and W2, are in units of grams, the area is in units of square inches, and P is unitless. K is used to c
32、onvert from units of g/in.2to units of lb/ream. Therefore:K 5S lb453.59 gDS432000 in.2ream D5952.4 in.2 lbgream (X1.2)F2217/F2217M 133ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standa
33、rd are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif
34、 not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, whic
35、h you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,Un
36、ited States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.F2217/F2217M 134
