1、Designation: F 2232 09Standard Test Method forDetermining the Longitudinal Load Required to Detach HighHeels from Footwear1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2232; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the forcerequired to detach the heel from footwear through th
3、e appli-cation of longitudinal tensile force at a constant displacementrate. The longitudinal test force simulates the most commonheel failure mode. Heel height of 20 mm (1316 in.) or larger isneeded to perform this test method properly. Most womensmedium and high heeled footwear meets this requirem
4、ent.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish
5、 appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE 105 Practice for Probability Sampling Of Ma
6、terialsE 122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristicof a Lot or ProcessE 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics2.2 European Standard:EN 12785 Footwear, Test Method for Whole ShoesHeelAttachment33. Terminology3.1 Definiti
7、ons:3.1.1 forefootthe portion of the shoe extending forwardfrom the break of the joint to the toe, also called forepart.3.1.2 heel attachment strengththe force in pounds mea-sured under the testing conditions of Test Method F 2232required to detach the heel from the sole/insole assembly.3.1.3 heel b
8、reastthe front face of the shoe heel.3.1.4 heel heightthe vertical distance from the top backedge of the heel to the plane of the tread (wear) surface of theheel.3.1.5 insolethe part of the shoe that is a structural anchorto which the upper and heel are fastened during manufacture.It may or may not
9、be covered on the foot side by materialreferred to as a socklining.3.1.6 outsolethe bottom (sole) of the shoe: including thesurface which is exposed to wear.3.1.7 seatboarda reinforcement (if used) of the insolewhere the heel is attached.3.1.8 shanka reinforcement in the arch (instep) of theshoe bet
10、ween the insole and outsole made from steel, wood,fiberboard or plastic (individually or in combination).3.1.9 shankboardthe back part of the insole which isfabricated from a firm fiberboard. It is contoured to the arch ofthe foot for support.3.1.10 top piece (toplift)the bottom layer of a heel (wea
11、rsurface) usually made of leather, rubber, plastic, steel, orelastomers.3.2 For definitions of other terms relating to footwear, referto the Footwear Products Glossary.44. Significance and Use4.1 Since the heel is an integral support element of the shoe,the heel-attaching strength is a significant f
12、actor in ensuring thewearers safety, as well as the longevity and serviceability ofthe shoe.4.2 This test should be performed on each new style shoeand when any changes are made in the design, material ormethod of shank or heel area of the shoe, or both, or in theattachment of the heel in an existin
13、g shoe.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F13 onPedestrian/Walkway Safety and Footwear and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F13.30 on Footwear.Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approvedin 2003. Last previous edition approved
14、in 2003 as F 2232 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Orders for all BSI, International and f
15、oreign standards publications should beaddressed to Customer Service.4Available from American Apparel adhe-sive, nails, screws, nailing pattern, and so forth.10.1.5 Shank board and insole, including thickness, etc.10.1.6 Shank, including dimension of fork holes and theirlocation, as well as the loca
16、tion of the shank relative to theattaching nails and original heel location.10.2 Force required for complete heel separation.10.3 Type of failure observed.10.3.1 Number of nails, screws, staples, and so forth pulledfrom the heel.10.3.2 Number of nails, screws, staples pulled throughinsole.10.3.3 Did
17、 the shank board bend, crack or break?10.3.4 Type of adhesive failure, if applicable.10.3.5 Details of any deviation from the standard procedure.10.3.6 Tensile testing machine make, model, serial #, andcalibration date.11. Precision and Bias11.1 There is insufficient data from testing at this time t
18、oaccurately establish the precision and bias. The precision andbias will be established at the completion of the laboratorytesting program.12. Keywords12.1 footwear comfort; footwear construction; footwear de-sign; footwear manufacturing; footwear performance; footwearsafety; heel attaching strength
19、 quality controlFIG. 3 Test AlignmentFIG. 4 Test AlignmentF2232093APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. RELATED TESTSX1.1 BSEN 12785:2000, Footwear Test Methods forWhole ShoeHeel Attachment.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with
20、 any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible techni
21、cal committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideratio
22、n at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harb
23、or Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 5 Detached HeelF2232094
