1、Designation: F 2262 05An American National StandardStandard Specification forCrosslinked Polyethylene/Aluminum/CrosslinkedPolyethylene Tubing OD Controlled SDR91This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2262; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers establishes requirements forcoextruded cr
3、osslinked polyethylene multi-layer pressure tub-ing with a continuously welded aluminum tube constructionbetween inner and outer layers of plastic. The inner and outercrosslinked polyethylene layers are bonded to the aluminum bya melt adhesive. The tubing is outside diameter controlled andmade in on
4、e standard dimension ratio, SDR9 and is intended tobe used for hot and cold water conveyance in applications upto 180F (82.2C). Included in this specification is a system ofnomenclature for crosslinked polyethylene-aluminum-crosslinked polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) tubes, and the re-quirements and test
5、methods for materials, dimensions ofcomponent layers and the finished tubing, layer adhesion test,weld strength, short-term burst pressure, long-term sustainedpressure and marking requirements. The tubing covered by thisspecification is intended for use in potable water distributionsystems for resid
6、ential and commercial applications, waterservice, hydronic radiant heating (HRH), radiant panel heating,baseboard, and snow melt systems.1.2 This specification covers only plastic-metal-plasticmulti-layer tubes incorporating a continuous welded aluminumtube. Tubing consisting of metallic layers not
7、welded togetheris outside the scope of this specification.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units which are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.4 Specification
8、s for connectors for use with pipe meetingthe requirements of this specification are given in Annex A1.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 9, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associa
9、ted with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory require-ments prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and ElectricalInsula
10、ting Materials for TestingD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1598 Test Method for Time-To-Failure of Plastic PipeUnder Constant Internal PressureD 1599 Test Method for Short-Time, Hydraulic FailurePressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
11、PlasticsD 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD 2765 Test Methods for Determination of Gel Content andSwell Ratio of Crosslinked Ethylene PlasticsD 3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe andFittings MaterialsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic
12、Piping Systems2.2 NSF International Standards:NSF/ANSI 14 for Plastic Piping Components and RelatedMaterials3NSF/ANSI 61 for Drinking Water System Components-Health Effects32.3 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (CivilAgencies)42.4 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Ship
13、ment and Storage42.5 Uniform Classification and Committee Standard:Uniform Freight Classification52.6 National Motor Freight Traffc Association Standard:National Motor Freight Classification61This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direc
14、t responsibility of Subcommittee F17.11 onComposites.Current edition approved August 15, 2005. Published November 2005. Origi-nally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F 2262 04.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Serv
15、ice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the NSF International, 789 Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48105.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins
16、 Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.5Available from the Uniform Classification Committee, Suite 1106, 222 SouthRiverside Plaza, Chicago, IL 60606.6Available from the National Motor Freight Traffic Association, Inc., NationalMotor Freight Classification, American Tracking Associations, In
17、c., Traffic Dept.,1616 P St., NW, Washington, DC 20036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F 412and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D 1600,
18、unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 tubing, PEX-AL-PEX , nmulti-layer tubing pro-duced by coextrusion or extrusion of layers of polyethylene/aluminum/ polyethylene bonded together with a melt adhesiveand crosslinked by irradiation or chemical means in
19、combina-tion with applied heat and moisture, or any combinationthereof.3.2.2 tubing hoop stress, n a value of hoop stress based onthe assumption of a homogeneous wall cross-section.3.2.2.1 DiscussionThick walled plastic tubes producedfrom one material have hoop stresses that vary through the wallthi
20、ckness, and are usually described by the Lame Theory. Themulti-layer nature of PEX-AL-PEX tubing, composed ofmaterials with very different Youngs Modulus values, will, onpressurization, not have uniform stress distribution through thethickness of the wall of the tube. PEX-AL-PEX tubes have ahoop str
21、ess distribution that differs substantially from boththick and thin walled tubing cases.3.2.3 unaided eye, nobservable without visual enhance-ment beyond correction for normal vision.4. Classification4.1 GeneralThis specification covers one type of PEX-AL-PEX tubing with outside diameters correspond
22、ing to theoutside diameter of the same nominal size as copper tubing(CTS).4.2 Tubing Outside DiameterThe PEX-AL-PEX tubesspecified in this standard are classified by the outside diameterin one standard dimension ratio, SDR9.5. Materials5.1 GeneralPEX-AL-PEX tubing is comprised of onemetallic layer,
23、two layers of polymeric adhesive and two-layersof crosslinked polyethylene. For tubing made to this specifi-cation, the constituent materials shall meet the respectiverequirements of 5.2-5.5.5.2 AluminumThe aluminum shall have a minimum thick-ness as specified in Table 1. The material shall have a m
24、inimumelongation and tensile strength of 20 % and 13 000 psi (90MPa), respectively. The tests for these properties shall beconducted in accordance with ASTM E 8.5.3 Crosslinked Polyethylene:5.3.1 Polyethylene plastics used to make the PEX layers ofthe PEX-AL-PEX tubing shall be virgin resin having a
25、 mini-mum density of 0.941 g/cm3. The outer layer of polyethyleneshall be of color code B, C, or E in accordance withSpecification D 3350. Color code B compounds shall havesufficient ultraviolet (UV) stabilization to protect the tubingfrom deleterious effects due to outdoor exposure during storagean
26、d shipping. The inner layer of polyethylene shall be of colorcode A, B, or C.5.3.2 The polyethylene, in the final finished state in thetubing, shall be crosslinked as defined in Terminology D 883.The polyethylene layers may be crosslinked by peroxides, Azocompounds, or silane compounds in extrusion,
27、 or by electronbeam irradiation after extrusion, or by other means such thatthe tubing meets the performance requirements of Section 6.5.4 Melt AdhesiveThe material shall have a density cell of1, 2, or 3; a melt index cell of 1, 2, or 3; and a color code ofA or B, in accordance with Specification D
28、3350.5.5 Rework MaterialThe use of reclaimed, recycled, orre-work plastics is not permitted.6. Requirements6.1 GeneralThe requirements and test methods in thisspecification cover PEX-AL-PEX tubing. Tests on the indi-vidual layers that comprise the final multi-layer tubing areoutside the scope of thi
29、s specification. The raw materials used,however, shall conform to the requirements of Section 5.6.2 Dimensions and Tolerances:6.2.1 The dimensions of the tubing and layers shall be inaccordance with Tables 1 and 2 when measured in accordancewith 9.1.6.2.1.1 Out-of-RoundnessMaximum out-of-roundnessto
30、lerances apply only to measurements made on pipe prior tocoiling.6.2.1.2 Pipe Wall ThicknessThe minimum wall thicknessat any point of measurement around the pipe circumferenceshall not be less than the value specified in Table 2.6.2.1.3 Outer and Inner PEX Layer ThicknessThe thick-ness of the PEX la
31、yers shall have a minimum value andtolerance as specified in Table 2, except for the polyethyleneTABLE 1 Outside Diameters, Tolerances, and Aluminum Thickness for PEX-AL-PEXNominal TubingSize, in.Average OutsideDiameter, in. (mm)Tolerance on Avg,in. (mm)Maximum Out-of-Roundness,in. (mm)Aluminum Thic
32、kness Minimum,in. (mm)12 0.625 (15.88) 6 0.004 (0.10) 0.010 (0.25) 0.0095 (0.24 )34 0.875 (22.22) 6 0.004 (0.10) 0.010 (0.25) 0.0095 (0.24)1 1.125 (28.58) 6 0.005 (0.12) 0.010 (0.25) 0.0115 (0.29)TABLE 2 Wall Thickness for PEX-AL-PEXNominal TubingSize, in.Total Wall Thickness,min, in. (mm)Tolerance
33、on Total Wall,in. (mm)Outer PEX Layer Thicknessmin, in. (mm)Inner PEX Layer Thicknessmin, in. (mm)12 0.070 (1.78) + 0.010 (0.25) 0.012 (0.30) 0.043 (1.09)34 0.097 (2.47) + 0.010 (0.25) 0.013 (0.33) 0.069 (1.75)1 0.125 (3.18) + 0.013 (0.33) 0.014 (0.36) 0.097 (2.46)F2262052material overlaying the wel
34、d, which shall allow half theminimum specified in Table 2.6.3 AdhesionThere shall be no visible delamination orseparation of the PEX and aluminum layers, either on the boreside or the outside (see Fig. 1), when examined with theunaided eye in accordance with 9.2.6.4 Burst PressureTubing shall meet o
35、r exceed the mini-mum burst pressure requirements shown in Table 3 when testedin accordance with 9.3.NOTE 1Burst pressure testing, is intended to be a test which candetect mechanical and material flaws from the construction of the tube.Minimum Burst pressure requirments are generally selected based
36、uponthe mechanical strength properties of the materials of construction at thespecific temperatures to be tested without regard to the ductile character-istics of the polymer.6.5 Sustained PressureTubing shall not fail, balloon,burst, or weep, as defined in Test Method D 1598 when testedfor 1000 h a
37、t the temperature and pressure listed in Table 3when tested in accordance with 9.4.NOTE 2Sustained pressure testing, in thermoplastic pipe and tubingstandards relates generally to a short-term validation of the long-termhydrostatic properties that have been previously determined by a mini-mum of 10
38、000 h of hydrostatic testing. Generally the sustained hydro-static pressure selected for the shorter term testing is based upon a lowerhoop stress selection than one which would otherwise be expected togenerate a rupture failure.6.6 Gel ContentThe inner and outer layers of crosslinkedpolyethylene, w
39、hen tested in accordance with 9.5, shall bewithin the range from 65 to 89 % inclusive. Depending on theprocess used, the following minimum percentage crosslinkingvalues shall be achieved: 70 % by peroxides, 65 % by Azocompounds, 65 % by electron beam, or 65 % by silane com-pounds.6.7 Apparent Ring T
40、ensile StrengthThe pipe rings, whentested in accordance with 9.6, shall meet the minimum strengthspecifications defined in Table 4.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The tubing shall be free of visible cracks, blisters, holes,foreign inclusions and other known injurious defects. Thetubing sha
41、ll be as uniform as practical in color, opacity, densityand other physical properties.8. Sampling and Conditioning8.1 SamplingCollect a sample of the PEX-AL-PEX tub-ing sufficient to determine conformance with this specification.8.2 Conditioning:8.2.1 For referee purposes, condition the specimens at
42、 73.46 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity for notless than 40 h prior to testing in accordance with Procedure Aof Practice D 618, for those tests where conditioning is(a) Good pipe showing no delamination.(b) Delamination between the inner layer and the aluminum(c) Delamination between th
43、e outer layer and the aluminumFIG. 1 Detection of DelaminationF2262053required. In cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be 61.8F (6 1C) and 6 2 % relative humidity.8.2.2 For routine quality control testing, condition the speci-mens at the temperature and humidity of the manufacturerstesting f
44、acility for not less than1horuntil the specimens areat the room temperature.8.3 Test Conditions:8.3.1 For referee purposes, conduct the tests in the standardlaboratory atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 65 % relative humidity, unless otherwise specified. In cases ofdisagreement, the toleranc
45、es shall be 6 1.8F (6 1C) and 62 % relative humidity.8.3.2 For routine control testing, conduct tests at the roomtemperature and humidity of the manufacturers testing area.9. Test Methods9.1 Dimensions:9.1.1 Any length of tubing selected at random is suitable todetermine dimensions.9.1.2 Outside Dia
46、meterMeasure the outside diameter oftubing in accordance with Test Method D 2122.9.1.3 Total Wall ThicknessMake measurements of thetotal wall thickness in accordance with Test Method D 2122.Measure the total wall thickness at each end of the sample tothe nearest 0.001 in (0.02 mm).9.1.4 Inner and Ou
47、ter Crosslinked Polyethylene LayerThickness:9.1.4.1 Sample PreparationCut the tubing with a suitablesharp cutter ensuring that the tubing at the point of the cut andafter cutting is no more than 10 % out-of-round.9.1.4.2 Thickness DeterminationUsing a visual magnify-ing instrument with sufficient ma
48、gnification to render a mea-suring resolution of 0.001 in. (0.02 mm) with a graduatedreticle, measure the thickness of both inner and outer layers atsix equally spaced points around the circumference.9.2 Adhesion Examination:9.2.1 Cutting the SpiralMount a Stanley 1991 or similarlysharp but rigid, r
49、azor-like blade within a protective housing andangle to cut a 45 6 5 spiral in a pipe sample (see Fig. 2).Choose a PEX-AL-PEX tubing sample at random and insertinto the housing and rotate to form the spiral cut. The cut goesthrough the complete wall on one side of the pipe only. Run thespiral along the pipe for a minimum distance along the pipeaxis equal to five times the outside diameter.9.2.2 Examining for DelaminationFirmly hold the tubing,cut as in 9.3.1, at the uncut end and create a ribbon of materialby opening out the spiral-cut. P
