1、Designation: F 2277 03An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forEvaluating Design and Performance Characteristics ofSelectorized Strength Equipment1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2277; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal a
2、doption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe goal of these test methods is to provide reliable and repeatable
3、 methods for the evaluation ofselectorized strength equipment. Users of these machines must recognize, however, that conformanceto a standard will not necessarily prevent injuries. Like other physical activities, exercise involvingstrength equipment involves the risk of injury, particularly if the e
4、quipment is not maintained or usedproperly.1. Scope1.1 These test methods specify procedures and apparatusused for testing and evaluating selectorized strength equipmentfor compliance to Specification F 2216. Both design andoperational parameters will be evaluated. Where possible andapplicable, acce
5、pted test methods from other recognized bodieswill be used and referenced.1.2 RequirementsSelectorized strength equipment is to betested for all of the following parameters:1.2.1 Stability,1.2.2 Edge and corner sharpness,1.2.3 Tube ends,1.2.4 Weight stack travel,1.2.5 Weight stack selector pin reten
6、tion,1.2.6 Function of adjustments and locking mechanisms,1.2.7 Handgrip design and retention,1.2.8 Assist mechanisms,1.2.9 Foot supports,1.2.10 Rope and belt systems:1.2.10.1 Static load,1.2.10.2 End fitting design,1.2.11 Chain drive design,1.2.12 Pulley design:1.2.12.1 Rope pulley design,1.2.12.2
7、Belt pulley design,1.2.13 Entrapment zones,1.2.14 Pull in points,1.2.15 Weight stack enclosure design,1.2.16 Loading and deflection:1.2.16.1 Intrinsic loading and associated deflection,1.2.16.2 Extrinsic loading and associated deflection,1.2.16.3 Endurance loading, and1.2.17 Documentation and warnin
8、gs verification.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use
9、.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy SafetyF 1749 Specification for Fitness Equipment and FitnessFacility Safety Signage and LabelsF 2216 Specification for Selectorized Strength Equipment2.2 European Standards:EN 9571 Stationary Training EquipmentPa
10、rt 1: GeneralSafety Requirements and Test Methods3EN 9572 Stationary Training EquipmentPart 2: StrengthTraining Equipment, Additional Specific Safety Require-ments and Test Methods32.3 UL Standard:UL 1439 UL Standard for Safety Tests for Sharpness ofEdges on Equipment41This test method is under the
11、jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.30 onFitness Products.Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published June 2003.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Ser
12、vice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from CEN Management Centre, 36 rue de Stassart, B-1050, Brussels,Belgium.4Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfi
13、ngsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.4 ANSI Standard:ANSI B29.1 Precision Power Transmission Roller Chains,Attachments and Sprockets53. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to Thi
14、s Standard:3.1.1 normal operation, nthe operation of the selectorizedstrength equipment as defined by the manufacturer.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of these test methods is to provide validand repeatable test methods for the evaluation of selectorizedstrength equipment assembled and mainta
15、ined according to themanufacturers specifications. Use of these test methods inconjunction with Specification F 2216 is intended to maximizethe reliability of selectorized strength equipment design andreduce the risk of serious injury resulting from design defi-ciencies.5. Certification5.1 These tes
16、t methods permit self-certification. It is recom-mended that each manufacturer employ an independent labo-ratory to evaluate and validate that their designs and testprocedures conform and comply to these test methods andSpecification F 2216.6. Units of Measure6.1 The values stated in SI units are to
17、 be regarded as thestandard. The values in parentheses are for information only.7. Sample Preparation7.1 Assemble and adjust the selectorized strength equip-ment according to the manufacturers instructions. Removeupholstered pads from the sample. On machines that are fullyassembled, verify according
18、 to the manufacturers instructionsthat all components are functioning and that they have beenadjusted and aligned properly. Unless otherwise stated, themachine must pass the tests without adjustment from this initialcondition. Selectorized strength equipment shall be providedwith the largest weight
19、stack offered by the manufacturer forthe model to be tested.7.2 The individual test methods will describe any variationsor modifications that are required to the test sample.8. Test Methods and Procedures8.1 Stability:8.1.1 Selectorized strength equipment shall be tested withand without the simulate
20、d user load in the orientation that ismost obviously unstable.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.FIG. 1 Tilt TestF22770328.1.2 Apparatus and Set-UpRefer to Fig. 1. Place sampleon a non-skid surface inclined at 10 in the orientat
21、ion that isleast stable. The sample shall rest on the supporting surfacewithout anchoring unless the installation instructions for themachine require that the sample be anchored to the floor. If thisis the case, then anchor the specimen per the manufacturersrecommendations. Determine how the user is
22、 placed on themachine to perform the exercise (that is, seating, standing, orprone) and then determine how the users body weight isdistributed onto the user support surfaces. For the simulateduse test, a method of applying a steady state load equal to 100kg (220 lb) simulating the users weight and i
23、ts distribution inthe vertical direction at the point(s) of user contact must beprovided. As an example, for a seated user, the user supportsurface shall be adjusted to the uppermost position (if adjust-able) and the center of gravity of the 100 kg (220 lb) load shallbe positioned approximately 300
24、mm (12 in.) above the usersupport surface. Possible methods of providing this loadinclude, but are not limited to, pneumatic cylinder(s) or deadweights.8.1.3 CalibrationUsing an angle measuring instrumentaccurate to within 0.1, verify the non-skid surface is 10 60.5. Calibrate the load measurement a
25、pparatus to confirmaccuracy to within 620 N (4.5 lb) over entire 981 N (220 lb)range.8.1.4 ProcedureTest the sample as follows:8.1.4.1 With the sample machine (no user load applied)positioned on the tilt surface, verify that the sample does not tipover with the resistance means in the rest position.
26、8.1.4.2 Using the aforementioned load apparatus, distributea vertical load equal to 100 kg (220 lb) 6 5 % in a non-impactmanner to the specimen where the user contacts the machineduring normal operation. (If only a portion of the users bodyis supported by the machine during operation, the 100 kg (22
27、0lb) simulated user weight shall be reduced by the appropriateamount.) Raise and support the lifting arms and weight stack tosimulate the furthest point in the range of travel as encounteredduring normal operation of the machine by a user of 1.8 m (74in.) stature. Verify that the sample does not tip
28、 over.8.1.4.3 Repeat 8.1.4.1 and 8.1.4.2 with the sample orientedin any other directions of potential instability.8.1.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaIn none of the above test condi-tions shall the sample tip over.8.1.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presentedabout either the precision or bias of test 8.1
29、for measuringstability since the test result is non-quantitative.8.2 Edge Sharpness:8.2.1 The purpose of this test is to verify that there are noedges in the accessible area that would constitute a risk ofinjury. Where there is uncertainty, a sharp-edge tester asspecified by UL 1439 is to be employe
30、d.8.2.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 7.1.8.2.3 CalibrationCalibrate sharp-edge tester perUL 1439.8.2.4 ProcedureExamine the accessible areas by visualand tactile means to ensure all parts are burr-free, rounded, orotherwise insufficiently sharp to constitute a risk o
31、f injury.Wherever there may be uncertainty as to the sharpness of anedge, use the edge tester and conduct the test per UL 1439.8.2.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaUse the pass/fail criteria ofUL 1439 to determine if the sample passes this test.8.2.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presentedabout either the
32、precision or bias of test 8.2 for evaluatingsharp edges since the test result is non-quantitative.8.3 Corner Sharpness:8.3.1 This test is a visual inspection of the sample to ensurethat all corners in the accessible areas are radiused or cham-fered.8.3.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set u
33、p asdescribed in 7.1.8.3.3 CalibrationNo calibration required. Visual inspec-tion only.8.3.4 ProcedureInspect all corners to verify that thecorners have been radiused or chamfered.8.3.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaAll corners in the accessible areashall be radiused or chamfered.8.3.6 Precision and BiasNo info
34、rmation is presentedabout either the precision or bias of test 8.3 for evaluatingcorners since the test result is non-quantitative.8.4 Tube Ends and Non-Functional Holes:8.4.1 This test is a visual inspection of the unit to ensure thatall tube ends and non-functional holes in the accessible area are
35、closed off.8.4.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 7.1.8.4.3 CalibrationNo calibration required. Visual inspec-tion only.8.4.4 ProcedureInspect all tube ends and surfaces in theaccessible area to verify that the ends and non-functional holesare closed off by other compone
36、nts, caps, plugs, or covers. Seatadjustment holes are exempt from this test.8.4.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaAll tube ends in the accessiblearea shall be closed off or the EN 957-1 test probe shall not beable to be inserted.8.4.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presentedabout either the precision or bias
37、 of test in 8.4 for evaluatingtube end closure since the test result is non-quantitative.8.5 Weight Stack Travel:8.5.1 This test is a visual inspection of the sample to ensurethat the weight stack travels freely along its guide means andreturns to its initial position after the displacing force has
38、beenremoved.8.5.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 7.1.8.5.3 CalibrationNo calibration required. Visual inspec-tion only.8.5.4 ProcedureMove the lifting arm through its range oftravel and verify that the weight stack moves along a guidemeans in a controlled manner and re
39、turns to its initial positionas the lifting arm is returned to its initial rest position.8.5.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaThe weight stack must begin andend the test in the same rest position and must not move unlessit is displaced intentionally by a lifting force applied to thelifting arm.F22770338.5.6 Prec
40、ision and BiasNo information is presentedabout either the precision or bias of test in 8.5 for evaluatingweight stack travel since the test result is non-quantitative.8.6 Weight Stack Selector Pin Retention:8.6.1 This test is a visual and physical inspection of theweight stack selector pin to ensure
41、 that the design features aretention device and that it functions properly.8.6.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 7.1. Obtain instructions or a descriptive explana-tion of the function of the weight stack selector pin from themanufacturer.8.6.3 CalibrationNo calibration
42、required. Visual andfunction inspection only.8.6.4 ProcedureInspect the weight stack selector pin andensure that it features a retention device that will not allow thepin to be removed from the weight stack unless it is intention-ally removed. Examples of retention devices include, but arenot limite
43、d to, spring activated detent balls or a physicaldeformation of the pin and comparable retention zone on theweight plate. The operation of the retention system shall beself-evident. Insert the weight stack selector pin into a weighton the weight stack and verify that the retention mechanismfunctions
44、 properly.8.6.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaWeight stack selector pins that donot have a retention means shall fail this test. Retentionmechanisms that do not function according to the instructionsprovided by the manufacturer shall fail test.8.6.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presentedabout either the
45、precision or bias of test in 8.6 for evaluatingweight stack selector pin design and function since the testresult is non-quantitative.8.7 Adjustment and Locking Mechanism Function:8.7.1 This test is a visual and physical inspection of theadjustment or locking mechanisms, or both, used throughoutthe
46、sample. The purpose is to ensure that the design preventsinadvertent disengagement, and that the adjustment or lockingmeans does not interfere with the users operation of themachine.8.7.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 7.1. Obtain instructions or a descriptive explana-
47、tion of the function of the adjustment or locking systems usedon the sample from the manufacturer.8.7.3 CalibrationNo calibration required. Visual andfunction inspection only.8.7.4 ProcedureInspect the each adjustment or lockingpoint on the sample machine and ensure that it positively locksinto posi
48、tion and that it cannot be disengaged unless theretention system is intentionally deactivated. Examples ofpositive retention devices include, but are not limited to, springactivated pins, clamps, or eccentric assemblies. Examine andmake note of the positive retention system used.8.7.4.1 Perform the
49、exercise as described in the operationinstructions and note the users body position relative to theadjustment or locking means. At no point during the usersrange of movement shall the adjustment or locking meanscontact the users body. During this observation consider theeffects of users of varying size or body make up. If in doubt,discuss the area of concern with the manufacturer.8.7.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaRetention or locking mechanismsthat do not function according to the instructions provided bythe manufacturer shall fail test. Rete
