1、Designation: F 2280 06Standard Specification for“Twist Off” Type Tension Control Structural Bolt/Nut/WasherAssemblies, Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi Minimum TensileStrength1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2280; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
2、oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers two types of heat treated,stee
3、l, tension control bolt-nut-washer assemblies, also referredto as “sets,” having a tensile strength of 150 to 173 ksi. Theseassemblies are capable of developing a minimum predeter-mined tension when installed by applying torque to the nut,while at the same time applying a counter torque to separate
4、thespline end from the body of the bolt using an appropriate splinedrive installation tool.1.2 An assembly consists of a tension control bolt withspline end (covered by this specification) and a suitable nut andwasher covered by reference to applicable ASTM specifica-tions.1.3 The fastener assemblie
5、s are intended for use in struc-tural connections. These connections, installation procedures,and the use of alternate design structural bolts are coveredunder the requirements of the “Specification for StructuralJoints Using ASTM A 325 or A 490 Bolts”, approved by theResearch Council on Structural
6、Connections.1.4 The assemblies are available with either round (buttonor dome) heads, heavy hex structural heads, or alternate designheads described in Section 11 and Fig. 1, in sizes12 to 118 in.inclusive, in two types specified in Section 4.1.5 Tension control bolts manufactured and marked inaccor
7、dance with the requirements of Specification A 490, andconforming to the dimensional and other requirements of thisspecification, will be considered an acceptable alternate underthis specification for two years following initial publication.1.6 The following precautionary statement pertains only tot
8、he test method portions, Sections 15 and 16, of this Specifi-cation: This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the appl
9、ica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 194/A 194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy SteelNuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High TemperatureService, or BothA 490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, HeatTreated, 150 ksi Minimum Te
10、nsile StrengthA 563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsA 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel ProductsD 3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE 709 Guide for Magnetic Particle ExaminationE 1444 Practice for Magnetic Particle TestingF 436 Specification
11、for Hardened Steel WashersF 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, and RivetsF 788/F 788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities ofBolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series3F 1470 Guide for Fastener Sampling for
12、Specified Mechani-cal Properties and Performance InspectionF 1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical FastenersF 2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization andCarburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded SteelBolts, Screws and StudsG 101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric CorrosionResistance o
13、f Low-Alloy Steels2.2 ASME Standards:4B1.1 Unified Inch Screw ThreadsB1.3M Screw Threads Gaging Systems for DimensionalAcceptabilityInch and Metric Screw ThreadsB18.2.6 Fasteners for Use in Structural Applications1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is
14、the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,Nuts, Rivets and Washers.Current edition approved April 1, 2006. Published April 2006.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStand
15、ards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C
16、700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.3 Research Council on Structural Connections:5Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 orA 490 Bolts3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:The definition of terms used in this specification shall be asspecif
17、ied in Terminology F 1789, unless otherwise definedherein.3.1.1 component lotcomponent lot, for the purpose ofassigning an identification number and from which testsamples shall be selected, shall consist of all tension controlbolts, all nuts or all washers processed essentially togetherthrough all
18、operations to the shipping container, of which eachcomponent has the following common characteristics: heatnumber (mill heat); ASTM designation and grade or type, asapplicable; nominal dimensions (size) and head style; and heattreatment lot.3.1.2 secondary processingany processing performed byany en
19、tity on the assemblies or individual components afterinitial testing.4. Classification4.1 The tension control bolts are designated by type denot-ing chemical composition as follows:4.1.1 Type 1Alloy steel, and4.1.2 Type 3Weathering steel.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for assemblies shall include
20、 the items of infor-mation below. Optional items not on the purchase order shallbe considered as not being required (see Note 1):5.1.1 Quantity of assemblies,5.1.2 Size, include nominal tension control bolt diameterand length (without the spline end),5.1.3 Name of product, that is, twist off type te
21、nsion controlbolt/nut/washer assemblies,5.1.4 Head style (see 11.1.1),5.1.5 Type of assembly, that is, Type 1 or Type 3,5.1.6 ASTM designation and year of publication, and5.1.7 Special requirements, if required.NOTE 1A typical order description follows: 2520 assemblies, 1-8 in.diameter by 3 in. long
22、 Tension Control Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies,Round Heads, Type 1 ASTM F 2280.5Available from American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), One E.Wacker Dr., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60601-2001.AThese values are the same as the dimensions for heavy hex structural bolts specified in ASME B18.2.6.BThe
23、 spline length (LS) and across the flat (S) dimensions are used for reference only. The grooved spline design may vary in size and shape.FIG. 1 Head and Spline Dimensions InchesF22800626. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Heat Treatment:6.1.1 Tension control bolts shall be heat treated by quench-ing in o
24、il from the austenitizing temperature and then temper-ing by reheating to a temperature not less than 800F.6.2 ThreadThe threads of tension control bolts shall berolled.6.3 Lubrication:6.3.1 At least one component of each assembly shall belubricated by the manufacturer. The lubricant shall be cleana
25、nd dry to the touch.6.3.2 Lubrication other than that applied by the manufac-turer shall not be permitted, as the type and amount oflubrication is critical to meeting the minimum clamping forcesspecified.6.4 Secondary ProcessingSecondary processing shall notbe permitted to an assembly lot.6.5 Assemb
26、ly:6.5.1 The assemblies shall be of the type specified by thepurchaser.6.5.2 The assemblies shall consist of one tension controlbolt, with one nut and one or more washer(s).6.5.3 Nuts and washers used on the assemblies shall con-form to the requirements of the specifications below:Assembly Typeand F
27、inishNut Specification,Class and FinishWasherSpecification,Type and FinishType 1 Plain Specification A 563DH plainSpecification A 194/A 194M 2H plainSpecification F 436Type 1plainType 3 Weathering Steel Specification A 563DH3 plainSpecification F 436Type 3 plainweathering steel6.5.4 All nuts shall b
28、e heavy hex. All washers used in theassembly shall be circular and through hardened.6.6 Protective CoatingsThe bolts, nuts and washers shallnot be coated by hot dip zinc coating, mechanical deposition orelectroplating with zinc or other metallic coatings7. Chemical Composition7.1 Tension Control Bol
29、ts:7.1.1 Type 1 tension control bolts shall be alloy steelconforming to the chemical composition in Table 1. The steelshall contain sufficient alloying elements to qualify it as analloy steel.7.1.2 Type 3 tension control bolts shall be weathering steeland shall conform to the chemical compositions s
30、pecified inTable 2. See Guide G 101 for method of estimating theatmospheric corrosion resistance of low alloy steels.7.1.3 Product analysis made on finished bolts representingeach lot shall conform to the product analysis requirementsspecified in Tables 1 and 2, as applicable.7.1.4 Heats of steel to
31、 which bismuth, selenium, tellurium,or lead has been intentionally added shall not be permitted.7.1.5 For Type 1 bolts heats of steel, with intentionallyadded boron, or boron heat analysis exceeding 0.0035 %, shallnot be permitted.7.1.6 Compliance with 7.1.4 and 7.1.5 shall be based oncertification
32、that heats of steel having any of the listed elementsintentionally added were not used to produce the bolts.7.1.7 Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordancewith Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.7.2 Nuts and WashersChemical requirements for nuts andwashers shall be in accordance
33、 with the applicable specifica-tion specified in 6.5.3.8. Mechanical Property Requirements for TensionControl Bolts8.1 Hardness: The bolts shall conform to the hardnessspecified in Table 3.8.2 Tensile Properties:8.2.1 Except as permitted in 8.2.2 for long bolts, and 8.2.3for short bolts, sizes 1.0 i
34、n. and smaller having a length of 214in. D and longer; and sizes larger than 1.0 in. having a lengthof 3D and longer; shall be wedge tested full size and shallconform to the minimum and maximum wedge tensile load,and proof load or alternative proof load specified in Table 4.The load achieved during
35、proof load testing shall be equal to orgreater than the specified proof load.8.2.2 When the length of the bolt makes full size testingimpractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shallconform to the requirements specified in Table 5. When boltsare tested by both full size and machined specime
36、n methods,the full size test shall take precedence.8.2.3 Sizes 1.0 in. and smaller having a length shorter than214 D down to 2D inclusive, which cannot be wedge tensiletested shall be axially tension tested full size and shall conformto the minimum tensile load and proof load or alternate proofTABLE
37、 1 Chemical Requirements for Type 1 Alloy Steel TensionControl BoltsComposition %ElementHeatAnalysis, %ProductAnalysis, %CarbonFor sizesthrough 118 in. 0.300.48 0.280.50Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.045Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Alloying ElementsAAASteel, as defined by the American Iron and Steel Institute, s
38、hall be consideredto be alloy when the maximum of the range given for the content of alloyingelements exceeds one or more of the following limits: manganese, 1.65 %, silicon,0.60 %, copper, 0.60 %; or in which a definite range or a definite minimum quantityof any of the following elements is specifi
39、ed or required within the limits of therecognized field of constructional alloy steels: aluminum, chromium up to 3.99 %,cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium,or any other alloying elements added to obtain a desired alloying effect.TABLE 2 Chemical Requirement
40、s for Type 3 Weathering SteelTension Control BoltsComposition, %Element Heat Analysis, % Product Analysis, %CarbonSizes34 in. and smaller 0.20-0.53 0.19-0.55Sizes78 to 118 in. incl. 0.30-0.53 0.28-0.55Manganese, min 0.40 0.37Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.040Sulfur 0.040 0.045Copper 0.20-0.60 0.17-0.63Chro
41、mium 0.45-0.90 0.42-0.93Nickel or 0.20-0.60 0.17-0.63Molybdenum 0.15-0.25 0.14-0.26F2280063load specified in Table 4. Sizes 1.0 in. and smaller having alength shorter than 2D, which cannot axially tensile tested shallbe qualified on the basis of hardness.8.2.4 Size 118 in. having a length shorter th
42、an 3D shall bequalified on the basis of hardness.8.2.5 For bolts on which both hardness and tension tests areperformed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall takeprecedence in the event of low hardness readings.8.3 Nuts and WashersMechanical properties for nuts andwashers shall be in accord
43、ance with the applicable specifica-tion in 6.5.3.9. Assembly Lot Tension Test9.1 PurposeThe assembly lot tension test shall be per-formed on fastener assemblies to determine the ability of theassembly to provide the required minimum tension.9.2 RequirementFull size completed assemblies tested inacco
44、rdance with 14.4 shall develop a bolt tension when thespline end is separated from the bolt conforming to therequirements in Table 4, Column 1.10. Carburization/Decarburization10.1 This test is intended to evaluate the presence orabsence of carburization and decarburization as determined bythe diffe
45、rence in microhardness near the surface and core.10.2 Requirements:10.2.1 CarburizationThe assemblies shall show no evi-dence of a carburized surface when evaluated in accordancewith 15.5.10.2.2 DecarburizationHardness value differences shallnot exceed the requirements set forth for decarburization
46、inTest Method F 2328 for class 2/3H materials when evaluated inaccordance with 15.5.11. Dimensions11.1 Tension Control Bolts:11.1.1 Tension control bolts shall be furnished with eitherround (button or dome), heavy hex structural or alternatedesign heads as specified by the purchaser.TABLE 3 Hardness
47、 Requirements for Tension Control BoltsBrinell Rockwell CBolt Size in. Bolt Length, in. Min Max. Min Max.12 to 1 in., incl Less than 3DA311 352 33 393D and over . . . 352 . . . 39118 in. Less than 3DA311 352 33 393D and over . . . 352 . . . 39ATension control bolts 1.00 in. nominal diameter and smal
48、ler and shorter than 2D are subject only to minimum and maximum hardness. Tension control bolts118 inchnominal diameter and shorter than 3D are subject only to minimum and maximum hardness.TABLE 4 Tensile Requirements for Full Size Tension Control BoltsBolt Size,Threads per in.and SeriesDesignationS
49、tressAreaAin.2Tensile LoadBlbfProof LoadLengthMeasurementMethod, lbsAlternative ProofLoadBYieldStrength Methodmin lbsMin Max.Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 612 in. 13 UNC 0.142 21 300 24 600 17 050 18 50058 in. 11 UNC 0.226 33 900 39 100 27 100 29 40034 in. 10 UNC 0.334 50 100 57 800 40 100 43 40078 in. 9 UNC 0.462 69 300 79 950 55 450 60 1001 in. 8 UNC 0.606 90 900 104 800 72 700 78 800118 in. 7 UNC 0.763 114 450 132 000 91 550 99 200AThe stress area is calculated as follows:As5 0.7854 D 2 0.9743/n!#2where:As= str
