1、Designation: F2280 081Standard Specification for“Twist Off” Type Tension Control Structural Bolt/Nut/WasherAssemblies, Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi Minimum TensileStrength1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2280; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year o
2、foriginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTETable 3 was editorially corrected in March 2010.1. Scope*1.1 This
3、 specification covers two types of heat treated,steel, tension control bolt-nut-washer assemblies, also referredto as “sets,” having a tensile strength of 150 to 173 ksi. Theseassemblies are capable of developing a minimum predeter-mined tension when installed by applying torque to the nut,while at
4、the same time applying a counter torque to separate thespline end from the body of the bolt using an appropriate splinedrive installation tool.1.2 An assembly consists of a tension control bolt withspline end (covered by this specification) and a suitable nut andwasher covered by reference to applic
5、able ASTM specifica-tions.1.3 The fastener assemblies are intended for use in struc-tural connections. These connections, installation procedures,and the use of alternate design structural bolts are coveredunder the requirements of the “Specification for StructuralJoints Using ASTM or A490 Bolts”, a
6、pproved by the ResearchCouncil on Structural Connections.1.4 The assemblies are available with either round (buttonor dome) heads, heavy hex structural heads, or alternate designheads described in Section 11 , in sizes12 to 118 in. inclusive,in two types specified in Section 4.1.5 Tension control bo
7、lts manufactured and marked inaccordance with the requirements of Specification A490, andconforming to the dimensional and other requirements of thisspecification, will be considered an acceptable alternate underthis specification for two years following initial publication.1.6 The following precaut
8、ionary statement pertains only tothe test method portions, Sections 15 and 16, of this Specifi-cation: This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and healt
9、h practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, HeatTreated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsA751 Test Methods, Pract
10、ices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsE709 Guide for Magnetic Particle TestingE1444 Practice for Magnetic Particle TestingF436 Specification for Hardened Steel WashersF606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
11、Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and RivetsF788/F788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities ofBolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric SeriesF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-chanical Properties and Performance InspectionF1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical FastenersF2328
12、 Test Method for Determining Decarburization andCarburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded SteelBolts, Screws and StudsG101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric CorrosionResistance of Low-Alloy Steels2.2 ASME Standards:3B1.1 Unified Inch Screw ThreadsB1.3M Screw Threads Gaging Systems for Dimen
13、sionalAcceptabilityInch and Metric Screw ThreadsB18.2.6 Fasteners for Use in Structural Applications2.3 Research Council on Structural Connections:41This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,N
14、uts, Rivets and Washers.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2008. Published January 2008. Originallyapproved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F228006. DOI:10.1520/F2280-08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at servicea
15、stm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.4Available from American Institute o
16、f Steel Construction (AISC), One E.Wacker Dr., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60601-2001.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Specification for Structural Joints U
17、sing ASTM A325 orA490 Bolts3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:The definition of terms used in this specification shall be asspecified in Terminology F1789, unless otherwise definedherein.3.1.1 component lotcomponent lot, for the purpose ofassigning an identification num
18、ber and from which testsamples shall be selected, shall consist of all tension controlbolts, all nuts or all washers processed essentially togetherthrough all operations to the shipping container, of which eachcomponent has the following common characteristics: heatnumber (mill heat); ASTM designati
19、on and grade or type, asapplicable; nominal dimensions (size) and head style; and heattreatment lot.3.1.2 manufacturerentity that assembles, lubricates, tests,and certifies compliance with this specification.3.1.3 secondary processingany processing performed byany entity on the assemblies or individ
20、ual components afterinitial testing.4. Classification4.1 The tension control bolts are designated by type denot-ing chemical composition as follows:4.1.1 Type 1Alloy steel, and4.1.2 Type 3Weathering steel.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for assemblies shall include the items of infor-mation below.
21、 Optional items not on the purchase order shallbe considered as not being required (see Note 1):5.1.1 Quantity of assemblies,5.1.2 Size, include nominal tension control bolt diameterand length (without the spline end),5.1.3 Name of product, that is, twist off type tension controlbolt/nut/washer asse
22、mblies,5.1.4 Head style (see 11.1.1),5.1.5 Type of assembly, that is, Type 1 or Type 3,5.1.6 ASTM designation and year of publication, and5.1.7 Special requirements, if required.NOTE 1A typical order description follows: 2520 assemblies, 118 7UNC in. diameter by 3 in. long Tension Control Bolt/Nut/W
23、asherAssemblies, Round Heads, Type 1 ASTM F2280.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Heat Treatment:6.1.1 Tension control bolts shall be heat treated by quench-ing in oil from the austenitizing temperature and then temper-ing by reheating to a temperature not less than 800F.6.2 ThreadThe threads of tensi
24、on control bolts shall berolled.6.3 Lubrication:6.3.1 The assemblies shall be lubricated by the manufac-turer to meet the Assembly Lot Tension requirements inSection 9.6.3.2 Lubrication other than that applied by the manufac-turer shall not be permitted, as the type and amount oflubrication is criti
25、cal to meeting the minimum clamping forcesspecified.6.4 Secondary ProcessingSecondary processing shall notbe permitted to an assembly lot.6.5 Assembly:6.5.1 The assemblies shall be of the type specified by thepurchaser.6.5.2 The assemblies shall consist of one tension controlbolt, with one nut and o
26、ne or more washer(s) assembled on thebolt and the nut threaded on the bolt a minimum of one turn.6.5.3 Nuts and washers used on the assemblies shall con-form to the requirements of the specifications below:Assembly Typeand FinishNut Specification,Class and FinishWasherSpecification,Type and FinishTy
27、pe 1 Plain Specification A563DH plainSpecification F436Type 1plainType 3 Weathering Steel Specification A563DH3 plainSpecification F436Type 3 plainweathering steel6.5.4 All nuts shall be heavy hex. All washers used in theassembly shall be circular and through hardened.6.6 Protective CoatingsThe bolt
28、s, nuts and washers shallnot be coated by hot dip zinc coating, mechanical deposition orelectroplating with zinc or other metallic coatings7. Chemical Composition7.1 Tension Control Bolts:7.1.1 Type 1 tension control bolts shall be alloy steelconforming to the chemical composition in Table 1. The st
29、eelshall contain sufficient alloying elements to qualify it as analloy steel.7.1.2 Type 3 tension control bolts shall be weathering steeland shall conform to the chemical compositions specified inTable 2. See Guide G101 for method of estimating theatmospheric corrosion resistance of low alloy steels
30、.7.1.3 Product analysis made on finished bolts representingeach lot shall conform to the product analysis requirementsspecified in Tables 1 and 2, as applicable.7.1.4 Heats of steel to which bismuth, selenium, tellurium,or lead has been intentionally added shall not be permitted.TABLE 1 Chemical Req
31、uirements for Type 1 Alloy Steel TensionControl BoltsComposition %ElementHeatAnalysis, %ProductAnalysis, %Carbon 0.300.48 0.280.50Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.045Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Alloying ElementsAAASteel, as defined by the American Iron and Steel Institute, shall be consideredto be alloy when the
32、maximum of the range given for the content of alloyingelements exceeds one or more of the following limits: manganese, 1.65 %, silicon,0.60 %, copper, 0.60 %; or in which a definite range or a definite minimum quantityof any of the following elements is specified or required within the limits of the
33、recognized field of constructional alloy steels: aluminum, chromium up to 3.99 %,cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium,or any other alloying elements added to obtain a desired alloying effect.F2280 08127.1.5 For Type 1 bolts heats of steel, with intentionally
34、added boron, or boron heat analysis exceeding 0.0035 %, shallnot be permitted.7.1.6 Compliance with 7.1.4 and 7.1.5 shall be based oncertification that heats of steel having any of the listed elementsintentionally added were not used to produce the bolts.7.1.7 Chemical analysis shall be performed in
35、 accordancewith Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.7.2 Nuts and WashersChemical requirements for nuts andwashers shall be in accordance with the applicable specifica-tion specified in 6.5.3.8. Mechanical Property Requirements for TensionControl Bolts8.1 Hardness: The bolts shall conform t
36、o the hardnessspecified in Table 3.8.2 Tensile Properties:8.2.1 Except as permitted in 8.2.2 for long bolts, and 8.2.3for short bolts, sizes 1.0 in. and smaller having a length of 214in. D and longer; and sizes larger than 1.0 in. having a lengthof 3D and longer; shall be wedge tested full size and
37、shallconform to the minimum and maximum wedge tensile load,and proof load or alternative proof load specified in Table 4.The load achieved during proof load testing shall be equal to orgreater than the specified proof load.8.2.2 When the length of the bolt makes full size testingimpractical, machine
38、d specimens shall be tested and shallconform to the requirements specified in Table 5. When boltsare tested by both full size and machined specimen methods,the full size test shall take precedence.8.2.3 Sizes 1.0 in. and smaller having a length shorter than214 D down to 2D inclusive, which cannot be
39、 wedge tensiletested shall be axially tension tested full size and shall conformto the minimum tensile load and proof load or alternate proofload specified in Table 4. Sizes 1.0 in. and smaller having alength shorter than 2D, which cannot axially tensile tested shallbe qualified on the basis of hard
40、ness.8.2.4 Size 118 in. having a length shorter than 3D shall bequalified on the basis of hardness.8.2.5 For bolts on which both hardness and tension tests areperformed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall takeprecedence in the event of low hardness readings.8.3 Nuts and WashersMechanical
41、 properties for nuts andwashers shall be in accordance with the applicable specifica-tion in 6.5.3.9. Assembly Lot Tension Test9.1 PurposeThe assembly lot tension test shall be per-formed on fastener assemblies to determine the ability of theassembly to provide the required minimum tension.9.2 Requi
42、rementFull size completed assemblies tested inaccordance with 14.4 shall develop a bolt tension when thespline end is separated from the bolt conforming to therequirements in Table 5, Column 1.10. Carburization/Decarburization10.1 This test is intended to evaluate the presence orabsence of carburiza
43、tion and decarburization as determined bythe difference in microhardness near the surface and core.10.2 Requirements:10.2.1 CarburizationThe assemblies shall show no evi-dence of a carburized surface when evaluated in accordancewith 15.5.10.2.2 DecarburizationHardness value differences shallnot exce
44、ed the requirements set forth for decarburization inTest Method F2328 for class 2/3H materials when evaluated inaccordance with 15.5.11. Dimensions11.1 Tension Control Bolts:11.1.1 Tension control bolts shall be furnished with eitherround (button or dome), heavy hex structural or alternatedesign hea
45、ds as specified by the purchaser.11.1.2 The head, body and spline dimensions shall conformto the requirements in ASME B18.2.6 for tension control bolts.11.1.3 Head designs as specified in 11.1.1 shall have abearing surface area and head height equal to or larger thanrequired for heavy hex structural
46、 bolts in ASME B18.2.6.11.1.4 The thread length shall be as specified in ASMEB18.2.6 for heavy hex structural bolts.11.2 Nuts and WashersThe dimensions for nuts andwashers shall be in accordance with the applicable specifica-tion specified in 6.5.3.TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements for Type 3 Weathering
47、 SteelTension Control BoltsComposition, %Element Heat Analysis, % Product Analysis, %CarbonSizes34 in. and smaller 0.20-0.53 0.19-0.55Sizes78 to 118 in. incl. 0.30-0.53 0.28-0.55Manganese, min 0.40 0.37Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.040Sulfur 0.040 0.045Copper 0.20-0.60 0.17-0.63Chromium 0.45-0.90 0.42-0.9
48、3Nickel or 0.20-0.60 0.17-0.63Molybdenum 0.15-0.25 0.14-0.26TABLE 3 Hardness Requirements for Tension Control BoltsBrinell Rockwell CBolt Size in. Bolt Length, in. Min Max. Min Max.12 to 1 in., incl Less than 2DA311 352 33 392D and over. 352 . 39118 in. Less than 3DA311 352 33 393D and over . . . 35
49、2 . . . 39ATension control bolts 1.00 in. nominal diameter and smaller and shorter than 2D are subject only to minimum and maximum hardness. Tension control bolts118 inchnominal diameter and shorter than 3D are subject only to minimum and maximum hardness. Editorially corrected in March 2010.F2280 081311.3 Threads:11.3.1 Threads on tension control bolts shall be the UnifiedCoarse Thread Series as specified in ASME B1.1, and shallhave Class 2A tolerances.11.3.2 The gauging limit for bolts shall be verified duringmanufacture. In case of purchas
