1、Designation: F2280 11Standard Specification for“Twist Off” Type Tension Control Structural Bolt/Nut/WasherAssemblies, Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi Minimum TensileStrength1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2280; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
2、original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers two types of heat treated,steel,
3、 tension control bolt-nut-washer assemblies, also referredto as “sets,” having a tensile strength of 150 to 173 ksi. Theseassemblies are capable of developing a minimum predeter-mined tension when installed by applying torque to the nut,while at the same time applying a counter torque to separate th
4、espline end from the body of the bolt using an appropriate splinedrive installation tool.1.2 An assembly consists of a tension control bolt withspline end (covered by this specification) and a suitable nut andwasher covered by reference to applicable ASTM specifica-tions.1.3 The fastener assemblies
5、are intended for use in struc-tural connections. These connections, installation procedures,and the use of alternate design structural bolts are coveredunder the requirements of the “Specification for StructuralJoints Using ASTM or A490 Bolts”, approved by the ResearchCouncil on Structural Connectio
6、ns.1.4 The assemblies are available with either round (buttonor dome) heads, heavy hex structural heads, or alternate designheads described in Section 11 , in sizes12 to 118 in. inclusive,in two types specified in Section 4.1.5 Tension control bolts manufactured and marked inaccordance with the requ
7、irements of Specification A490, andconforming to the dimensional and other requirements of thisspecification, will be considered an acceptable alternate underthis specification for two years following initial publication.1.6 The following precautionary statement pertains only tothe test method porti
8、ons, Sections 15 and 16, of this Specifi-cation: This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regula
9、tory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, HeatTreated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel
10、ProductsE709 Guide for Magnetic Particle TestingE1444 Practice for Magnetic Particle TestingF436 Specification for Hardened Steel WashersF606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and RivetsF788/F78
11、8M Specification for Surface Discontinuities ofBolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric SeriesF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-chanical Properties and Performance InspectionF1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical FastenersF2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization andCarbur
12、ization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded SteelBolts, Screws and StudsG101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric CorrosionResistance of Low-Alloy Steels2.2 ASME Standards:3B1.1 Unified Inch Screw ThreadsB1.3M Screw Threads Gaging Systems for DimensionalAcceptabilityInch and Metric Screw ThreadsB18.2.
13、6 Fasteners for Use in Structural Applications2.3 Research Council on Structural Connections:41This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,Nuts, Rivets and Washers.Current edition approved May 1
14、, 2011. Published May 2011. Originallyapproved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F2280081. DOI:10.1520/F2280-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informati
15、on, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.4Available from American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), One E.Wacker Dr., Suite 3100,
16、 Chicago, IL 60601-2001.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 orA490 Bolts3. Terminology3.1 Definitions o
17、f Terms Specific to This Standard:The definition of terms used in this specification shall be asspecified in Terminology F1789, unless otherwise definedherein.3.1.1 component lotcomponent lot, for the purpose ofassigning an identification number and from which testsamples shall be selected, shall co
18、nsist of all tension controlbolts, all nuts or all washers processed essentially togetherthrough all operations to the shipping container, of which eachcomponent has the following common characteristics: heatnumber (mill heat); ASTM designation and grade or type, asapplicable; nominal dimensions (si
19、ze) and head style; and heattreatment lot.3.1.2 manufacturerentity that assembles, lubricates, tests,and certifies compliance with this specification.3.1.3 secondary processingany processing performed byany entity on the assemblies or individual components afterinitial testing.4. Classification4.1 T
20、he tension control bolts are designated by type denot-ing chemical composition as follows:4.1.1 Type 1Alloy steel, and4.1.2 Type 3Weathering steel.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for assemblies shall include the items of infor-mation below. Optional items not on the purchase order shallbe consider
21、ed as not being required (see Note 1):5.1.1 Quantity of assemblies,5.1.2 Size, include nominal tension control bolt diameterand length (without the spline end),5.1.3 Name of product, that is, twist off type tension controlbolt/nut/washer assemblies,5.1.4 Head style (see 11.1.1),5.1.5 Type of assembl
22、y, that is, Type 1 or Type 3,5.1.6 ASTM designation and year of publication, and5.1.7 Special requirements, if required.NOTE 1A typical order description follows: 2520 assemblies, 118 7UNC in. diameter by 3 in. long Tension Control Bolt/Nut/WasherAssemblies, Round Heads, Type 1 ASTM F2280.6. Materia
23、ls and Manufacture6.1 Heat Treatment:6.1.1 Tension control bolts shall be heat treated by quench-ing in oil from the austenitizing temperature and then temper-ing by reheating to a temperature not less than 800F.6.2 ThreadThe threads of tension control bolts shall berolled.6.3 Lubrication:6.3.1 The
24、assemblies shall be lubricated by the manufac-turer to meet the Assembly Lot Tension requirements inSection 9.6.3.2 Lubrication other than that applied by the manufac-turer shall not be permitted, as the type and amount oflubrication is critical to meeting the minimum clamping forcesspecified.6.4 Se
25、condary ProcessingSecondary processing shall notbe permitted to an assembly lot.6.5 Assembly:6.5.1 The assemblies shall be of the type specified by thepurchaser.6.5.2 The assemblies shall consist of one tension controlbolt, with one nut and one or more washer(s) assembled on thebolt and the nut thre
26、aded on the bolt a minimum of one turn.6.5.3 Nuts and washers used on the assemblies shall con-form to the requirements of the specifications below:Assembly Typeand FinishNut Specification,Class and FinishWasherSpecification,Type and FinishType 1 Plain Specification A563DH plainSpecification F436Typ
27、e 1plainType 3 Weathering Steel Specification A563DH3 plainSpecification F436Type 3 plainweathering steel6.5.4 All nuts shall be heavy hex. All washers used in theassembly shall be circular and through hardened.6.6 Protective CoatingsThe bolts, nuts and washers shallnot be coated by hot dip zinc coa
28、ting, mechanical deposition orelectroplating with zinc or other metallic coatings7. Chemical Composition7.1 Tension Control Bolts:7.1.1 Type 1 tension control bolts shall be alloy steelconforming to the chemical composition in Table 1. The steelTABLE 1 Chemical Requirements for Type 1 Alloy Steel Te
29、nsionControl BoltsAlloy SteelComposition %ElementHeatAnalysis, %ProductAnalysis, %Carbon 0.300.48 0.280.50Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.045Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Alloying ElementsAAAlloy Steel with Boron AdditionComposition %ElementHeatAnalysis, %ProductAnalysis, %Carbon 0.300.48 0
30、.280.50Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.045Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Boron 0.00050.003 0.00050.003Alloying ElementsAAASteel, as defined by the American Iron and Steel Institute, shall be consideredto be alloy when the maximum of the range given for the content of alloyingelements exceeds
31、 one or more of the following limits: manganese, 1.65 %, silicon,0.60 %, copper, 0.60 %; or in which a definite range or a definite minimum quantityof any of the following elements is specified or required within the limits of therecognized field of constructional alloy steels: aluminum, chromium up
32、 to 3.99 %,cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium,or any other alloying elements added to obtain a desired alloying effect.F2280 112shall contain sufficient alloying elements to qualify it as analloy steel.7.1.2 Type 3 tension control bolts shall be weathering
33、 steeland shall conform to the chemical compositions specified inTable 2. See Guide G101 for method of estimating theatmospheric corrosion resistance of low alloy steels.7.1.3 Product analysis made on finished bolts representingeach lot shall conform to the product analysis requirementsspecified in
34、Tables 1 and 2, as applicable.7.1.4 Heats of steel to which bismuth, selenium, tellurium,or lead has been intentionally added shall not be permitted.7.1.5 For Type 1 bolts heats of steel, with intentionallyadded boron, or boron heat analysis exceeding 0.0035 %, shallnot be permitted.7.1.6 Compliance
35、 with 7.1.4 and 7.1.5 shall be based oncertification that heats of steel having any of the listed elementsintentionally added were not used to produce the bolts.7.1.7 Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordancewith Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.7.2 Nuts and WashersChemical req
36、uirements for nuts andwashers shall be in accordance with the applicable specifica-tion specified in 6.5.3.8. Mechanical Property Requirements for TensionControl Bolts8.1 Hardness: The bolts shall conform to the hardnessspecified in Table 3.8.2 Tensile Properties:8.2.1 Except as permitted in 8.2.2 f
37、or long bolts, and 8.2.3for short bolts, sizes 1.0 in. and smaller having a length of 214in. D and longer; and sizes larger than 1.0 in. having a lengthof 3D and longer; shall be wedge tested full size and shallconform to the minimum and maximum wedge tensile load,and proof load or alternative proof
38、 load specified in Table 4.The load achieved during proof load testing shall be equal to orgreater than the specified proof load.8.2.2 When the length of the bolt makes full size testingimpractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shallconform to the requirements specified in Table 5. When bo
39、ltsare tested by both full size and machined specimen methods,the full size test shall take precedence.8.2.3 Sizes 1.0 in. and smaller having a length shorter than214 D down to 2D inclusive, which cannot be wedge tensiletested shall be axially tension tested full size and shall conformto the minimum
40、 tensile load and proof load or alternate proofload specified in Table 4. Sizes 1.0 in. and smaller having alength shorter than 2D, which cannot axially tensile tested shallbe qualified on the basis of hardness.8.2.4 Size 118 in. having a length shorter than 3D shall bequalified on the basis of hard
41、ness.8.2.5 For bolts on which both hardness and tension tests areperformed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall takeprecedence in the event of low hardness readings.8.3 Nuts and WashersMechanical properties for nuts andwashers shall be in accordance with the applicable specifica-tion in 6
42、.5.3.9. Assembly Lot Tension Test9.1 PurposeThe assembly lot tension test shall be per-formed on fastener assemblies to determine the ability of theassembly to provide the required minimum tension.9.2 RequirementFull size completed assemblies tested inaccordance with 14.4 shall develop a bolt tensio
43、n when thespline end is separated from the bolt conforming to therequirements in Table 5, Column 1.10. Carburization/Decarburization10.1 This test is intended to evaluate the presence orabsence of carburization and decarburization as determined bythe difference in microhardness near the surface and
44、core.10.2 Requirements:10.2.1 CarburizationThe assemblies shall show no evi-dence of a carburized surface when evaluated in accordancewith 15.5.10.2.2 DecarburizationHardness value differences shallnot exceed the requirements set forth for decarburization inTest Method F2328 for class 2/3H materials
45、 when evaluated inaccordance with 15.5.11. Dimensions11.1 Tension Control Bolts:11.1.1 Tension control bolts shall be furnished with eitherround (button or dome), heavy hex structural or alternatedesign heads as specified by the purchaser.11.1.2 The head, body and spline dimensions shall conformto t
46、he requirements in ASME B18.2.6 for tension control bolts.11.1.3 Head designs as specified in 11.1.1 shall have abearing surface area and head height equal to or larger thanrequired for heavy hex structural bolts in ASME B18.2.6.11.1.4 The thread length shall be as specified in ASMEB18.2.6 for heavy
47、 hex structural bolts.11.2 Nuts and WashersThe dimensions for nuts andwashers shall be in accordance with the applicable specifica-tion specified in 6.5.3.11.3 Threads:11.3.1 Threads on tension control bolts shall be the UnifiedCoarse Thread Series as specified in ASME B1.1, and shallhave Class 2A t
48、olerances.11.3.2 The gauging limit for bolts shall be verified duringmanufacture. In case of purchaser/supplier controversy overthread compliance, System 21 of ASME B1.3M shall be usedfor referee purposes.TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements for Type 3 Weathering SteelTension Control BoltsComposition, %Ele
49、ment Heat Analysis, % Product Analysis, %CarbonSizes34 in. and smaller 0.20-0.53 0.19-0.55Sizes78 to 118 in. incl. 0.30-0.53 0.28-0.55Manganese, min 0.40 0.37Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.040Sulfur 0.040 0.045Copper 0.20-0.60 0.17-0.63Chromium 0.45-0.90 0.42-0.93Nickel or 0.20-0.60 0.17-0.63Molybdenum 0.15-0.25 0.14-0.26F2280 11312. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance12.1 For tension control bolts, the allowable limits, inspec-tion, and evaluation of the surface discontinuities quenchcracks, forging cracks, head bursts, shear bursts, seams, folds,thread
