1、Designation: F2282 03 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forQuality Assurance Requirements for Carbon and Alloy SteelWire, Rods, and Bars for Mechanical Fasteners1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2282; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofori
2、ginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes quality assurance require-ments
3、 for the physical, mechanical, and metallurgical require-ments for carbon and alloy steel wire, rods, and bars in coilsintended for the manufacture of mechanical fasteners whichincludes: bolts, nuts, rivets, screws, washers, and special partsmanufactured cold.NOTE 1The Steel Industry uses the term “
4、quality” to designatecharacteristics of a material which make it particularly well suited to aspecific fabrication and/or application and does not imply “quality” in theusual sense.1.2 Wire size range includes 0.062 to 1.375 in.1.3 Rod size range usually includes732 in. (0.219) to4764 in.(0.734) and
5、 generally offered in164 increments (0.0156).1.4 Bar size range includes38 in. (0.375) to 112 in. (1.500).1.5 Sizes for wire, rod and bar outside the ranges ofparagraphs 1.2 1.4 may be ordered by agreement betweenpurchaser and supplier.1.6 Material is furnished in many application variations.The pur
6、chaser should advise the supplier regarding the manu-facturing process and finished product application as appropri-ate. Five application variations are:Cold HeadingRecessed HeadSocket HeadScrapless NutTubular Rivet1.6.1 Wire is furnished for all five application variations.1.6.2 Rod and bar are fur
7、nished to the single applicationvariation; Cold Heading.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for SteelBars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-WroughtA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, a
8、nd Loading Methodsfor Steel Products for ShipmentA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Da
9、ta toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,Blooms, and ForgingsE407 Practice for Microetching Metals and AlloysE1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarbur-ization of Steel Specimen
10、sF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-chanical Properties and Performance InspectionF1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners2.2 AIAG Standard:B-5 Primary Metals Tag Application Standard32.3 IFI Standard:IFI-140 Carbon and Alloy Steel Wire, Rods, and Bars forMechanical Fastener
11、s41This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.93 on QualityAssurance Provisions for Fasteners.Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published August 2015. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition appro
12、ved in 2009 as F2282 03 (2009)1.DOI: 10.1520/F2282-03R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Ava
13、ilable fromAutomotive IndustryAction Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd.,Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033, http:/www.aiag.org.4Available from Industrial Fasteners Institute (IFI), 6363 Oak Tree Blvd,Independence, OH 44131, http:/www.indfast.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C
14、700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.4 SAE Standards:J403 Chemical Compositions of SAE Carbon Steels5J404 Chemical Compositions of SAE Alloy Steels5J406 Methods of Determining Hardenability of Steels5J415 Definitions of Heat Treating Terms53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 anneal
15、inga process of heating to and holding steel ata given temperature for a given time and then cooling at agiven rate, used to soften or produce changes, or both, in themicrostructure of the steel to enhance formability and reducetensile strength.3.1.2 barsproduced from hot rolled or cast billets orbl
16、ooms rolled single strand into coils. Bars have a greaterprecision in cross section than rods. Size tolerances are inTable 1. Bars are finished as-rolled, annealed or spheroidizeannealed, and in sizes included in 1.4.3.1.3 lapa longitudinal surface discontinuity extendinginto rod, bar, or wire cause
17、d by doubling over of metal duringhot rolling.3.1.4 lota quantity of raw material of one size and heatnumber submitted for testing at one time.3.1.5 rodsproduced from hot rolled or cast billets, usuallyrolled in a multiple strand mill to a round cross section thencoiled into one continuous length to
18、 size tolerances shown inTable 2. Rods are furnished as-rolled, annealed, or spheroidizeannealed in sizes found in 1.3.3.1.6 seama longitudinal discontinuity extending radiallyinto wire, rod, or bar. Seams in raw material used for themanufacture of fasteners or formed parts may lead to theformation
19、of bursts.3.1.7 spheroidizinga form of annealing, involves pro-longed heating at temperatures near the lower criticaltemperature, followed by slow cooling, with the object offorming spheroidal metallic carbides that allow a higher degreeof formability.3.1.8 voida shallow pocket or hollow on the surf
20、ace of thematerial.3.1.9 wireproduced from hot rolled or annealed rods orbars by cold drawing for the purpose of obtaining desired size,dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and mechanical proper-ties.Wire is furnished in the following conditions: direct drawn(DD); drawn from annealed rod or bar (DF
21、AR or DFAB);drawn from spheroidized annealed rod or bar (DFSR orDFSB); drawn to size and spheroidized (SAFS); drawn,annealed in process, and finally lightly drawn to size (AIP);and drawn, spheroidize annealed in process, and finally lightlydrawn to size (SAIP). Wire size tolerances are shown in Tabl
22、e3. Sizes include those specified in 1.2.3.1.9.1 DiscussionSpheroidize annealed-at-finish sizewire (SAFS) is wire that has been spheroidize annealed afterfinal cold reduction. One or more annealing treatments mayprecede the final cold reduction.3.1.9.2 DiscussionAnnealed-in-Process (AIP) orSpheroidi
23、ze Annealed-in-Process (SAIP) wire is produced asdrawn carbon or alloy steel wire. In producing AIP and SAIPwire, rods or bars are drawn to wire and thermal treatment(followed by a separate cleaning and coating operation) is doneprior to final drawing to produce a softer and more ductile wirefor app
24、lications in which direct drawn wire would be too hard.Thermal treatment may also be employed when controlledmechanical properties are required for a specific application.3.2 Heat treating terms not defined in this standard areincluded in Terminology F1789 or SAE J415.4. Ordering Information4.1 Wire
25、 orders shall state the following:4.1.1 Quantity,4.1.2 Specification number and issue date,4.1.3 Diameter,4.1.4 Steel grade,4.1.5 Deoxidation practice and grain size or refinementpractice (coarse or fine); see 5.3.1 5.3.5,4.1.6 Application variation per 1.6,4.1.7 Thermal treatment; see 5.5,4.1.8 Sur
26、face coating,4.1.9 Coil weight and dimensions as required,4.1.10 Packaging,4.1.11 Tagging,4.1.12 Mill certification as required,4.1.13 Special requirements, for example, steel makingmethod and practice, specific hardenability, special shippinginstructions, single heat, etc., and4.1.14 Example40 000
27、lb, ASTM F2282, 0.250 in., car-bon steel wire, IFI-1022A, silicon killed coarse grain, RecessedHead, spheroidize annealed-in-process, phosphate and lube,5Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,PA 15096, http:/www.sae.org.TABLE 1 Bar Size TolerancesFractionalDiameter
28、, in.Diameter Tolerance, in.Out of Roundmax, in.716 to58 0.006 0.00958 to78 0.007 0.01178 to 1 0.008 0.0121 to 118 0.009 0.014118 to 114 0.010 0.015114 to 138 0.011 0.017138 to 112 0.013 0.020TABLE 2 Rod Size TolerancesDiameter,in.Diameter Tolerance, in.Out of Roundmax, in.732 to4764(0.219 to 0.734)
29、0.012 0.018TABLE 3 Wire Size Tolerances and Out of RoundDiameter,in.Diameter Tolerance, in.Out of Roundmax, in. 0.076 0.0010 0.00100.076 0.500 0.0015 0.0015$ 0.500 0.0020 0.0020F2282 03 (2015)21500 lb coils, 28 in. coil i.d., on 18 in. tubular carriers, threebands per carrier, one metal tag per coil
30、, mill certification, donot ship Fridays.4.2 Rod orders shall state the following:4.2.1 Quantity,4.2.2 Specification number and issue date,4.2.3 Diameter,4.2.4 Steel grade,4.2.5 Deoxidation practice and grain size or refinementpractice (coarse or fine),4.2.6 Cold Heading,4.2.7 Thermal treatment,4.2.
31、8 Surface coating,4.2.9 Coil weight and dimensions as required,4.2.10 Packaging,4.2.11 Tagging,4.2.12 Mill certifications as required,4.2.13 Special requirements, for example, descalingpractice, steelmaking method and practice, specifichardenability, special shipping instructions, etc., and4.2.14 Ex
32、ample200 000 lb,ASTM F2282,2164 in., carbonsteel rod, IFI-1022B, silicon killed fine grain, Cold Heading,spheroidize annealed, pickled and limed, 3000 lb coils, 48 in.coil i.d., compacted and unitized in packages of two, bandedwith three steel straps per coil, two metal tags per coil attachedto lead
33、 end on inside of bundle, put separators between coils.4.3 Bar orders shall state the following:4.3.1 Quantity,4.3.2 Specification number and issue date,4.3.3 Diameter,4.3.4 Steel grade,4.3.5 Deoxidation practice and grain size or refinementpractice (coarse or fine),4.3.6 Cold Heading,4.3.7 Thermal
34、treatment,4.3.8 Surface coating,4.3.9 Coil weight and dimensions as required,4.3.10 Packaging,4.3.11 Tagging,4.3.12 Mill certification as required,4.3.13 Special requirements, for example, steelmakingmethod and practice, specific hardenability, special shippinginstructions, single heat, etc., and4.3
35、.14 Example90 000 lb, ASTM F2282, 0. 610 in., car-bon steel bars, IFI-1038, silicon killed coarse grain,spheroidize annealed, Cold Heading, phosphate and lime, 5400lb coils, 54 in. coil i.d., three bands per coil, one metal tag percoil, lead end of each coil paint red.5. Manufacture5.1 Melting Pract
36、iceThe steel shall be melted in a basicoxygen or electric furnace process.5.2 Casting PracticeSteel shall be ingot cast, or continu-ous cast with controlled procedures to meet the requirements ofthis specification.5.3 Deoxidation Practice and Grain SizeThe materialshall be furnished in one of the de
37、oxidation and grain sizepractices included in 5.3.1 5.3.5, as specified by the pur-chaser. When not specified, the practice shall be at the optionof the manufacturer.5.3.1 Silicon killed fine grain shall be produced with alu-minum for grain refinement. The material purchasers approvalshall be obtain
38、ed for the use of vanadium or columbium forgrain refinement.5.3.2 Silicon killed coarse grain practice.5.3.3 Silicon killed fine grain practice.5.3.4 Aluminum killed fine grain practice.5.3.5 Rimmed (grain size not specified).5.4 Hardenability:5.4.1 Hardenability for steels with a specified minimumc
39、arbon content of 0. 20 % or greater shall be determined foreach heat and the results furnished to the purchaser whenrequested on the purchase order. SAE J406, Appendix A shallbe used for referee purposes in the event of dispute.5.5 Thermal Treatments:5.5.1 The purchaser shall specify one of the foll
40、owingoptions for thermal treatment on the purchase order:5.5.1.1 No thermal treatment.5.5.1.2 Annealed.5.5.1.3 Spheroidized.5.5.1.4 Drawn from annealed rod or bar.5.5.1.5 Drawn from spheroidize annealed rod or bar.5.5.1.6 Spheroidized at finished size wire.5.5.1.7 Annealed-in-process wire.5.5.1.8 Sp
41、heroidized annealed-in-process wire.6. Chemical Requirements6.1 The material shall have a chemical composition con-forming to the requirements specified in Tables 4-8 for theapplicable IFI grade specified by the material purchaser.NOTE 2The chemical compositions have been developed in a jointproduce
42、r/user effort and are particularly appropriate to the cold forgingindustry process. The chemical composition ranges of these IFI gradesmay not be identical to those of SAE J403, SAE J404, or AISI.6.2 Compositions other than those designated in this stan-dard may be applicable when specified by the p
43、urchaser.6.3 Cast or Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each cast or heatshall be made by the producer to determine the percentage ofthe elements specified. The analysis shall be made from a testsample(s) taken during the pouring of the cast or heat. Thechemical composition shall be reported, if required,
44、to thepurchaser or his representative.6.4 Product Analysis:6.4.1 Product analysis may be made on the finished materialfrom each heat. The composition thus determined shall con-form to the requirements in Table 4, Table 6,orTable 7 for thespecified grade subject to the permissible variations for prod
45、uctanalyses in Table 5 or Table 8, as applicable.NOTE 3A product analysis is optional. The analysis is not used for aduplicate analysis to confirm a previous result. The purpose of the productanalysis is to verify that the chemical composition is within specifiedlimits for each element, including ap
46、plicable permissible variations inproduct analysis. The results of analyses taken from different pieces of aheat may differ within permissible limits from each other and from theheat or cast analysis. The results of the product analysis obtained shall notF2282 03 (2015)3vary both above and below the
47、 specified range.6.4.2 Rimmed or capped steels are characterized by a lackof uniformity in their chemical composition, especially for theelements carbon, phosphorus, and sulfur, and for this reasonproduct analysis is not technologically appropriate unlessmisapplication is clearly indicated.6.4.3 Tes
48、t Methods A751 shall be used.6.5 Residual Element LimitsMaterial grades defined inthis standard shall conform to the residual element limits inTable 9.7. Metallurgical Structure7.1 Coarse Austenitic Grain Size:7.1.1 When a coarse grain size is specified, the steel shallhave a grain size number of 1
49、to 5 inclusive.7.1.2 Conformance to this grain size of 70 % of the grains inthe area examined shall constitute the basis of acceptance.7.2 Fine Austenitic Grain Size:7.2.1 When a fine grain size is specified, the steel shall havea grain size number greater than five, as determined inaccordance with Test Methods E112.7.2.2 Conformance to this grain size of 70 % of the grains inthe area examined shall constitute the basis of acceptance.7.2.3 When aluminum is used as the grain refining element,the fine austenitic grain size requ
