1、Designation: F 2306/F 2306M 07An American National StandardStandard Specification for12 to 60 in. 300 to 1500 mm Annular Corrugated Profile-Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Gravity-FlowStorm Sewer and Subsurface Drainage Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F
2、2306/F 2306M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision
3、or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methodsfor annular, corrugated profile wall polyethylene pipe andfittings with an interior liner. The nominal inside diameterscovered are 12 to 60 in. 300 to 1500 mm.1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended topr
4、ovide pipe and fittings suitable for underground use forgravity-flow storm sewer and subsurface drainage systems.NOTE 1Pipe and fittings produced in accordance with this specifica-tion shall be installed in compliance with Practice D 2321.1.3 This specification covers pipe and fittings with aninteri
5、or liner using a corrugated exterior profile (Fig. 1).1.4 UnitsThe values stated in either inch-pound units orSI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within thetext the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents: therefore, eachsystem sha
6、ll be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 7, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety conc
7、erns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics f
8、or TestingD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD 2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermo-plastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applica-tionsD 2412 Test Method for Determinati
9、on of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD 2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Re-sistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of aTup (Falling Weight)D 3212 Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer PlasticPipes Using Flexible Elastomeri
10、c SealsD 3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe andFittings MaterialsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF 477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) forJoining Plastic PipeF 2136 Test Method for Notched, Constant Ligament-Stress(NCLS) Test to Determine Slow-Crack-G
11、rowth Resistanceof HDPE Resins or HDPE Corrugated Pipe2.2 AASHTO Standard:LRFD, Section 12 AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Speci-fications Section 12 Buried Structures and TunnelLiners32.3 Department of Agriculture Standard:Standard 606 Soil Conservation Service Engineering42.4 Federal Standard:Fed. Std.
12、No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)52.5 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage53. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology F 412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-nology D 1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviati
13、onfor polyethylene is PE.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originallyapproved in 2005. Last previous edition appro
14、ved in 2005 as F 2306/F 2306M-05.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Ass
15、ociation of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.5Available fro
16、m Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 design diameter
17、, nthe manufacturers stated insidediameter.3.2.2 mold line, na line formed on the product as a resultof the mold blocks coming together during manufacturing.3.2.3 profile wall, na pipe wall construction that presentsan interior liner in the waterway but includes ribs, corrugations,or other shapes, w
18、hich can be either solid or hollow, that helpsbrace the pipe against diametrical deformation.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for product made to this specification shallinclude the following information to adequately describe thedesired product:4.1.1 This ASTM designation and year of issue,4.1.2 P
19、erforations:4.1.2.1 With perforations,4.1.2.2 Without perforations,4.1.3 Diameters,4.1.4 Total footage of each pipe diameter involved,4.1.5 Pipe laying length,4.1.6 Fitting type(s):4.1.6.1 Size and type of fittings, including mainline andbranch diameters, and4.1.6.2 Number of fittings per diameter.5
20、. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Basic Materials:5.1.1 Pipe and Blow-Molded FittingsThe pipe and fittingsshall be made of virgin PE plastic compound meeting therequirements of cell classification 435400C or 435400E asdefined in Specification D 3350, except that carbon blackcontent shall not exceed 4 %
21、. Compounds that have a highercell classification in one or more properties shall be permittedprovided the density of the base resin shall not exceed 0.955g/cm3and all other product requirements are met. For slowcrack-growth resistance, resins shall be evaluated using thenotched constant ligament st
22、ress (NCLS) test according to theprocedure described in 7.8. The average failure time of the fivetest specimens shall exceed 24 h with no single test specimensfailure time less than 17 h.5.1.2 Rotationally Molded Fittings and CouplingsCompounds used in the manufacture of rotationally moldedfittings
23、and couplings shall be virgin PE having a cell classi-fication of 213320C or 213320E as defined in SpecificationD 3350, except that the carbon black content shall not exceed4 %. Compounds that have a higher cell classification in one ormore properties shall be permitted provided the density of theba
24、se resin shall not exceed 0.940 g/cm3and all other productrequirements are met.5.1.3 Injection-Molded Fittings and CouplingsCompounds used in the manufacture of injection moldedfittings and couplings shall be made of virgin PE plasticcompound meeting the requirements of cell classification414420C or
25、 414420E as defined in Specification D 3350,except that the carbon black content shall not exceed 4 %.Compounds that have a higher cell classification in one or moreproperties shall be permitted provided all other product re-quirements are met.5.2 Rework MaterialClean rework material generatedfrom t
26、he manufacturers own pipe and fittings production shallbe permitted to be used by the same manufacturer, providedthat the material meets the requirements of 5.1.1 or 5.1.2 asapplicable for the intended part and pipe or fittings producedmeet all the requirements of this specification.6. General Requi
27、rements6.1 WorkmanshipThe pipe and fittings shall be homoge-neous throughout and be as uniform as commercially practicalin color, opacity, and density. The pipe walls shall be free ofcracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or otherdefects that are visible to the naked eye and that may af
28、fect thewall integrity. The ends shall be cut cleanly and squarely. Holesintentionally placed in perforated pipe are acceptable.6.1.1 Visible defects, cracks, creases, splits, obstruction toflow in perforations, or in pipe are not permissible.6.2 Dimensions and Tolerance:6.2.1 Nominal SizeThe nomina
29、l size for the pipe andfittings shall be the inside diameter shown in Table 1.6.2.2 Inside DiameterThe average inside diameter forpipe and fittings shall not vary more than 6 1 % from thedesign diameter when measured in accordance with 7.4.1.NOTE 2The outside diameters and the corrugation pitch of p
30、roductsmanufactured to this specification are not specified; therefore, compatibil-ity between pipe and fittings from different manufacturers or the samemanufacturer shall be verified.6.2.3 LengthThe pipe shall be supplied in any lengthagreeable to both the owner and the manufacturer. Length shallFI
31、G. 1 Typical Annular Corrugated Pipe ProfileF 2306/F 2306M 072not be less than 99 % of stated quantity when measured inaccordance with 7.4.2.6.2.4 Minimum Inner-Liner ThicknessThe minimuminner-liner thickness of the pipe shall meet the requirementsgiven in Table 1 when measured in accordance with 7.
32、4.3.6.2.5 PerforationsPerforations shall be cleanly cut,placed in the valley of the corrugation rib, and uniformlyspaced along the length and circumference of the pipe. Dimen-sions of the perforations and the minimum perforation inletarea shall be as listed in Table 2. Other perforation dimensionsan
33、d configurations shall be permitted, where required to meetthe needs of the specifier. All measurements shall be made inaccordance with 7.4.4. Pipe connected by bell and spigot jointsshall not be perforated in the area of the bells and spigots.NOTE 3For perforated pipe applications, the size of the
34、embedmentzone and permeability of the embedment material provide the desiredlevel of infiltration or exfiltration. The pipe or embedment zone shall bewrapped with a geotextile designed to prevent migration of fine soils intothe pipe or embedment zone. Where a geotextile is not used, the gradationof
35、the embedment material shall be compatible with the perforation size toavoid backfill migration into the pipe.6.3 Pipe StiffnessMinimum pipe stiffness at 5 % deflec-tion shall meet the requirements given in Table 1 when testedin accordance with 7.5.NOTE 4The 5 % deflection criterion, which was selec
36、ted for testingconvenience, is not a limitation with respect to in-use deflection. Theengineer is responsible for establishing the acceptable deflection limit.6.4 Pipe FlatteningThere shall be no evidence of split-ting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation of theouter and inner wall,
37、or combinations thereof, when tested inaccordance with 7.6. Additionally, at or below the 20%deflection limit, the specimen shall be considered as failing thistest when the load does not increase continuously with increas-ing deflection. The maximum load point shall not be at lessthan 20% deflection
38、 and inspection for splitting, cracking, ordelamination shall continue to the 40% deflection limit.6.5 Pipe Impact StrengthThere shall be no evidence ofsplitting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation ofthe outer and inner wall, or combinations thereof, when testedin accordance with 7.
39、7.6.6 Fittings and Joining Systems:6.6.1 Only fittings supplied or recommended by the pipemanufacturer should be used. Fittings shall be installed inaccordance with the manufacturers recommendations.6.6.2 The joining system(s) shall be of a design thatpreserves alignment during construction and prev
40、ents separa-tion at the joints. Bell and spigot, external snap or split couplersare examples of typical designs.6.6.3 Fittings shall be supplied with joints compatible withthe overall system. All joints for gravity-flow Sewer systemsshall meet the requirements of 6.6.3.3. All other joints shallmeet
41、the requirements of a soil-tight joint unless otherwisespecified by the owner/designer.6.6.3.1 Soil-tight joints are specified as a function of open-ing size, channel length, and backfill particle size. If the size ofthe opening exceeds 3 mm, the length of the channel shall beat least four times the
42、 size of the opening. A backfill materialcontaining a high percentage of fine-graded soils requiresinvestigation for the specific type of joint to be used to guardagainst soil infiltration. Information regarding joint soil tight-ness criteria can be found in AASHTOs Standard Specifica-tions for High
43、way Bridges, Division II, Section 26, “MetalCulverts.”NOTE 5The ability of a joint to resist soil infiltration (soil tightness)shall be considered. Soil tightness is a function of opening size, channellength, and backfill particle size. A backfill material containing a highpercentage of Class III an
44、d Class IVA material as defined in PracticeD 2321 requires consulting with the manufacturer for the specific type ofjoint to be used to guard against soil infiltration. Alternatively, the jointshall be permitted to be wrapped with a geotextile designed to preventmigration of these fine soils into th
45、e pipe.6.6.3.2 Silt-tight joints shall be used where the backfillmaterial has a high percentage of fines. Silt tight joints shallmeet laboratory test in accordance with Test Method D 3212except that the joint be tested using 2.0 psi (14 kPa) and utilizea bell and spigot joint with a gasket meeting S
46、pecificationF 477.6.6.3.3 Watertight joints shall meet a 10.8 psi (74 kPa)laboratory test in accordance with Test Method D 3212 andutilize a bell and spigot design with a gasket meeting Specifi-cation F 477.TABLE 1 Pipe Stiffness and Pipe DimensionsPipe InsideDiameterMinimum PipeStiffness at 5 %Defl
47、ectionMinimumInner LinerThicknessin. mm lb/in./in. kPa in. mm12 300 50 (345 0.035 0.915 375 42 290 0.040 1.018 450 40 275 0.051 1.321 525 38 260 0.060 1.524 600 34 235 0.060 1.527 675 30 205 0.060 1.530 750 28 195 0.060 1.536 900 22 150 0.067 1.742 1050 20 140 0.071 1.848 1200 18 125 0.071 1.854 135
48、0 16 110 0.079 2.060 1500 14 95 0.079 2.0TABLE 2 Perforation DimensionsPipeInsideDiameterType of PerforationCircularMaximumDiameterMinimumInlet Areain. mm in. mm in.2/ft cm2/m12 30038 10 1.5 3015 37538 10 1.5 3018 45038 10 1.5 3021 52538 10 2.0 4024 60038 10 2.0 4027 67538 10 2.0 4030 75038 10 2.0 4
49、036 90038 10 2.0 4042 105038 10 2.0 4048 120038 10 2.0 4054 135038 10 2.0 4060 150038 10 2.0 40F 2306/F 2306M 0737. Test Methods7.1 Conditioning:7.1.1 Referee TestingWhen conditioning is required forreferee tests, condition the specimens in accordance withProcedure A of Practice D 618 at 73.4 6 3.6F 23 6 2C fornot less than 40 h prior to test. Conduct tests under the samecondition
