1、Designation: F2306/F2306M 11An American National StandardStandard Specification for12 to 60 in. 300 to 1500 mm Annular Corrugated Profile-Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Gravity-FlowStorm Sewer and Subsurface Drainage Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F230
2、6/F2306M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or re
3、approval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methodsfor annular, corrugated profile wall polyethylene pipe andfittings with an interior liner. The nominal inside diameterscovered are 12 to 60 in. 300 to 1500 mm.1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended toprovid
4、e pipe and fittings suitable for underground use forgravity-flow storm sewer and subsurface drainage systems.NOTE 1Pipe and fittings produced in accordance with this specifica-tion shall be installed in compliance with Practice D2321.1.3 This specification covers pipe and fittings with aninterior li
5、ner using a corrugated exterior profile (Fig. 1).1.4 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Thevalues stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values
6、from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 7, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the respon
7、sibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relat
8、ing toPlasticsD2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermo-plastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applica-tionsD2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Pa
9、rallel-Plate LoadingD2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resis-tance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of aTup (Falling Weight)D3212 Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer PlasticPipes Using Flexible Elastomeric SealsD3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and
10、Fittings MaterialsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Join-ing Plastic PipeF2136 Test Method for Notched, Constant Ligament-Stress(NCLS) Test to Determine Slow-Crack-Growth Resistanceof HDPE Resins or HDPE Corrugated Pipe2.2 AASHT
11、O Standard:3AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design SpecificationsLRFD, Section 12 Bridge Design Specifications Section 12 Buried Structures and Tunnel LinersAASHTO M 145 : Classification of Soils and AggregateMixtures2.3 Department of Agriculture Standard:Standard 606 Soil Conservation Service Engineering42.4 Fe
12、deral Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)52.5 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage51This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer.Curr
13、ent edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originallyapproved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F2306/F2306M-08.DOI: 10.1520/F2306_F2306M-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For A
14、nnual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.4Available
15、from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.5Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.1*A Summary of Chang
16、es section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology F412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-nology D16
17、00, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviation forpolyethylene is PE.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 design diameter, nthe manufacturers stated insidediameter.3.2.2 mold line, na line formed on the product as a resultof the mold blocks coming together during manufacturing.
18、3.2.3 profile wall, na pipe wall construction that presentsan interior liner in the waterway but includes ribs, corrugations,or other shapes, which can be either solid or hollow, that helpsbrace the pipe against diametrical deformation.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for product made to this speci
19、fication shallinclude the following information to adequately describe thedesired product:4.1.1 This ASTM designation and year of issue,4.1.2 Perforations:4.1.2.1 With perforations,4.1.2.2 Without perforations,4.1.3 Diameters,4.1.4 Total footage of each pipe diameter involved,4.1.5 Pipe laying lengt
20、h,4.1.6 Fitting type(s):4.1.6.1 Size and type of fittings, including mainline andbranch diameters, and4.1.6.2 Number of fittings per diameter.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Basic Materials:5.1.1 Pipe and Blow-Molded FittingsThe pipe and fittingsshall be made of virgin PE plastic compound meeting th
21、erequirements of Specification D3350 cell classification435400C or 435400E, except that carbon black content shallnot exceed 4 %. Compounds that have a higher cell classifi-cation in one or more properties shall be permitted provided thedensity of the base resin shall not exceed 0.955 g/cm3and allot
22、her product requirements are met. For slow crack-growthresistance, resins shall be evaluated using the notched constantligament stress (NCLS) test according to the procedure de-scribed in 7.8. The average failure time of the five testspecimens shall exceed 24 h with no single test specimensfailure t
23、ime less than 17 h.5.1.2 Rotationally Molded Fittings and CouplingsCompounds used in the manufacture of rotationally moldedfittings and couplings shall be virgin PE meeting the require-ments of Specification D3350 and cell classification 213320Cor 213320E, except that the carbon black content shall
24、notexceed 4 %. Compounds that have a higher cell classificationin one or more properties shall be permitted provided thedensity of the base resin shall not exceed 0.940 g/cm3and allother product requirements are met.5.1.3 Injection-Molded Fittings and CouplingsCompounds used in the manufacture of in
25、jection moldedfittings and couplings shall be made of virgin PE meeting therequirements of Specification D3350 and cell classification414420C or 414420E, except that the carbon black contentshall not exceed 4 %. Compounds that have a higher cellclassification in one or more properties shall be permi
26、ttedprovided all other product requirements are met.5.2 Rework MaterialClean rework material generatedfrom the manufacturers own pipe and fittings production shallbe permitted to be used by the same manufacturer, providedthat the material meets the requirements of 5.1.1 or 5.1.2 asapplicable for the
27、 intended part and pipe or fittings producedmeet all the requirements of this specification.6. General Requirements6.1 WorkmanshipThe pipe and fittings shall be homoge-neous throughout and be as uniform as commercially practicalin color, opacity, and density. The pipe walls shall be free ofcracks, h
28、oles, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or otherdefects that are visible to the naked eye and that may affect thewall integrity. The ends shall be cut cleanly and squarely. Holesintentionally placed in perforated pipe are acceptable.6.1.1 Visible defects, cracks, creases, splits, obstruction tofl
29、ow in perforations, or in pipe are not permissible.6.2 Dimensions and Tolerance:6.2.1 Nominal SizeThe nominal size for the pipe andfittings shall be the inside diameter shown in Table 1.6.2.2 Inside DiameterThe average inside diameter forpipe and fittings shall not vary more than 6 1 % from thedesig
30、n diameter when measured in accordance with 7.4.1.NOTE 2The outside diameters and the corrugation pitch of productsFIG. 1 Typical Annular Corrugated Pipe ProfileF2306/F2306M 112manufactured to this specification are not specified; therefore, compatibil-ity between pipe and fittings from different ma
31、nufacturers or the samemanufacturer shall be verified.6.2.3 LengthThe pipe shall be supplied in any lengthagreeable to both the owner and the manufacturer. Length shallnot be less than 99 % of stated quantity when measured inaccordance with 7.4.2.6.2.4 Minimum Inner-Liner ThicknessThe minimuminner-l
32、iner thickness of the pipe shall meet the requirementsgiven in Table 1 when measured in accordance with 7.4.3.6.2.5 PerforationsPerforations shall be cleanly cut,placed in the valley of the corrugation rib, and uniformlyspaced along the length and circumference of the pipe. Dimen-sions of the perfor
33、ations and the minimum perforation inletarea shall be as listed in Table 2. Other perforation dimensionsand configurations shall be permitted, where required to meetthe needs of the specifier. All measurements shall be made inaccordance with 7.4.4. Pipe connected by bell and spigot jointsshall not b
34、e perforated in the area of the bells and spigots.NOTE 3For perforated pipe applications, the size of the embedmentzone and permeability of the embedment material provide the desiredlevel of infiltration or exfiltration. The pipe or embedment zone shall bewrapped with a geotextile designed to preven
35、t migration of fine soils intothe pipe or embedment zone. Where a geotextile is not used, the gradationof the embedment material shall be compatible with the perforation size toavoid backfill migration into the pipe.6.3 Pipe StiffnessMinimum pipe stiffness at 5 % deflec-tion shall meet the requireme
36、nts given in Table 1 when testedin accordance with 7.5.NOTE 4The 5 % deflection criterion, which was selected for testingconvenience, is not a limitation with respect to in-use deflection. Theengineer is responsible for establishing the acceptable deflection limit.6.4 Pipe FlatteningThere shall be n
37、o evidence of split-ting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation of theouter and inner wall, or combinations thereof, when tested inaccordance with 7.6. Additionally, at or below the 10%deflection limit, the specimen shall be considered as failing thistest when the load does not increas
38、e continuously with increas-ing deflection. The maximum load point shall not be at lessthan 10% deflection and inspection for splitting, cracking, ordelamination shall continue to the 40% deflection limit.NOTE 5Design deflection limits are typically taken at 5% (see AnnexA1). The 10% load limit eval
39、uation is intended as a quality assurance testto insure the manufactured profile has an appropriate minimum materialdistribution throughout the profile.6.5 Pipe Impact StrengthThere shall be no evidence ofsplitting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation ofthe outer and inner wall, or c
40、ombinations thereof, when testedin accordance with 7.7.6.6 Fittings and Joining Systems:6.6.1 Only fittings supplied or recommended by the pipemanufacturer should be used. Fittings shall be installed inaccordance with the manufacturers recommendations.6.6.2 The joining system(s) shall be of a design
41、 thatpreserves alignment during construction and prevents separa-tion at the joints. Bell and spigot, external snap or split couplersare examples of typical designs.6.6.3 Fittings shall be supplied with joints compatible withthe overall system. All joints for gravity-flow Sewer systemsshall meet the
42、 requirements of 6.6.3.3. All other joints shallmeet the requirements of a soil-tight joint unless otherwisespecified by the owner/designer.6.6.3.1 Soil-tight joints are specified as a function of open-ing size, channel length, and backfill particle size. If the size ofthe opening exceeds 3 mm, the
43、length of the channel shall beat least four times the size of the opening. A backfill materialcontaining a high percentage of fine-graded soils requiresinvestigation for the specific type of joint to be used to guardagainst soil infiltration. Information regarding joint soil tight-ness criteria can
44、be found in AASHTOs Standard Specifica-tions for Highway Bridges, Division II, Section 26, “MetalCulverts.”NOTE 6The ability of a joint to resist soil infiltration (soil tightness)shall be considered. Soil tightness is a function of opening size, channellength, and backfill particle size. A backfill
45、 material containing a highpercentage of Class III and Class IVA material as defined in PracticeD2321 requires consulting with the manufacturer for the specific type ofjoint to be used to guard against soil infiltration. Alternatively, the jointshall be permitted to be wrapped with a geotextile desi
46、gned to preventmigration of these fine soils into the pipe.6.6.3.2 Silt-tight joints shall be used where the backfillmaterial has a high percentage of fines. Silt tight joints shallTABLE 1 Pipe Stiffness and Pipe DimensionsPipe InsideDiameterMinimum PipeStiffness at 5 %DeflectionMinimumInner LinerTh
47、icknessin. mm lb/in./in. kPa in. mm12 300 50 (345 0.035 0.915 375 42 290 0.040 1.018 450 40 275 0.051 1.321 525 38 260 0.060 1.524 600 34 235 0.060 1.527 675 30 205 0.060 1.530 750 28 195 0.060 1.536 900 22 150 0.067 1.742 1050 20 140 0.071 1.848 1200 18 125 0.071 1.854 1350 16 110 0.079 2.060 1500
48、14 95 0.079 2.0TABLE 2 Perforation DimensionsPipeInsideDiameterType of PerforationCircularMaximumDiameterMinimumInlet Areain. mm in. mm in.2/ft cm2/m12 30038 10 1.5 3015 37538 10 1.5 3018 45038 10 1.5 3021 52538 10 2.0 4024 60038 10 2.0 4027 67538 10 2.0 4030 75038 10 2.0 4036 90038 10 2.0 4042 1050
49、38 10 2.0 4048 120038 10 2.0 4054 135038 10 2.0 4060 150038 10 2.0 40F2306/F2306M 113meet laboratory test in accordance with Test Method D3212except that the joint be tested using 2.0 psi (14 kPa) and utilizea bell and spigot joint with a gasket meeting SpecificationF477.6.6.3.3 Watertight joints shall meet a 10.8 psi (74 kPa)laboratory test in accordance with Test Method D3212 andut
