1、Designation: F 2418 09An American National StandardStandard Specification forPolypropylene (PP) Corrugated Wall Stormwater CollectionChambers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers requirements, test methods,materials, and marking for polypr
3、opylene (PP), open bottom,buried chambers of corrugated wall construction used forcollection, detention, and retention of stormwater runoff. Ap-plications include commercial, residential, agricultural, andhighway drainage, including installation under parking lots androadways.1.2 Chambers are produc
4、ed in arch shapes with dimensionsbased on chamber rise, chamber span, and wall stiffness.Chambers are manufactured with integral feet that provide basesupport. Chambers may include perforations to enhance waterflow. Chambers must meet test requirements for arch stiffness,flattening, and accelerated
5、weathering.1.3 Analysis and experience have shown that the successfulperformance of this product depends upon the type and depthof bedding and backfill, and care in installation. This specifi-cation includes requirements for the manufacturer to providechamber installation instructions to the purchas
6、er.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address water qualityissues or hydraulic per
7、formance requirements associated withits use. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure thatappropriate engineering analysis is performed to evaluate thewater quality issues and hydraulic performance requirementsfor each installation.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thet
8、est method portion, Section 6, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regul
9、atory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 790 Test Methods for Flexural Properti
10、es of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD 2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic
11、 Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD 2990 Test Methods for Tensile, Compressive, and Flex-ural Creep and Creep-Rupture of PlasticsD 4101 Specification for Polypropylene Injection and Ex-trusion MaterialsD 4329 Practice for Fluorescent UV Exposure of PlasticsD 6992 Test Method for Accelerated Tensile Cre
12、ep andCreep-Rupture of Geosynthetic Materials Based on Time-Temperature Superposition Using the Stepped IsothermalMethodF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems2.2 AASHTO Specification:Section 12 Buried Structures and Tunnel Liners, 12.12Thermoplastic Pipes33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:
13、 Definitions used in this specification are inaccordance with the definitions in Terminology F 412, andabbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D 1600,unless otherwise indicated.3.1.1 chamberan arch-shaped structure manufactured ofthermoplastic with an open-bottom that is supported on feet1T
14、his specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.65 on LandDrainage.Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F 2418-05
15、.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications-Dual Units, Third
16、Edition,2004. Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C
17、onshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.and may be joined into rows that begin with, and are termi-nated by, end caps (see Fig. 1).3.1.2 corrugated walla wall profile consisting of a regularpattern of alternating crests and valleys (see Fig. 2).3.1.3 crestthe element of a corrugation located at th
18、eexterior surface of the chamber wall, spanning between twoweb elements (see Fig. 2).3.1.4 crownthe center section of a chamber typicallylocated at the highest point as the chamber is traversedcircumferentially.3.1.5 end capa bulkhead provided to begin and terminatea chamber, or row of chambers, and
19、 prevent intrusion ofsurrounding embedment materials.3.1.6 foota flat, turned out section that is manufacturedwith the chamber to provide a bearing surface for transfer ofvertical loads to the bedding (see Fig. 1).3.1.7 inspection portan opening in the chamber wall thatallows access to the chamber i
20、nterior.3.1.8 nominal heighta designation describing the approxi-mate vertical dimension of the chamber at its crown (see Fig.1).3.1.9 nominal widtha designation describing the approxi-mate outside horizontal dimension of the chamber at its feet(see Fig. 1).3.1.10 periodthe length of a single repeti
21、tion of therepeated corrugation, defined as the distance from the center-line of a valley element to the centerline of the next valleyelement (see Fig. 2).3.1.11 risethe vertical distance from the chamber base(bottom of the chamber foot) to the inside of a chamber wallvalley element at the crown as
22、depicted in Fig. 1.3.1.12 spanthe horizontal distance from the interior ofone sidewall valley element to the interior of the other sidewallvalley element as depicted in Fig. 1.3.1.13 valleythe element of a corrugated wall located atthe interior surface of the chamber wall, spanning between twowebs (
23、see Fig. 2).3.1.14 webthe element of a corrugated wall that connectsa crest element to a valley element (see Fig. 2).4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 This specification covers chambers made from virginand rework PP plastic materials as defined by material me-chanical requirements and chamber performa
24、nce requirements.4.2 Polypropylene materials may be combined with copoly-mers, pigments, and impact modifiers which together aresuitable for manufacture. Manufactured chamber and end capmaterial shall meet or exceed the requirements of designationPP0330B99945, Specification D 4101. The minimum amoun
25、tof polypropylene plastic in the material shall be 95 % byweight. The minimum tensile stress at yield, Test MethodD 638, shall not be less than 3 100 psi (21 MPa). The minimumflexural modulus (1 % secant), Test Method D 790, ProcedureA, shall not be less than 145 000 psi (1 000 MPa). Theminimum Izod
26、 Impact Resistance at 73 F (23 C), Method Ain Test Method D 256, shall not be less than 4 ft-lb/in. (215J/m). Materials shall meet the creep requirements in 5.3.5 and5.3.6 of this standard.NOTE 1The polypropylene melt flow rate is specified for chambermanufacture by injection molding. The melt flow
27、rate may be less than 10if the manufactured chamber meets all other requirements in this standard.This cell class will be re-evaluated when new chamber classifications areadded to Table 1.NOTE 2Polypropylene plastic is prepared by the polymerization ofpropylene or propylene with other alpha olefins
28、as described in Specifi-cation D 4101.4.3 Rework MaterialClean rework material generatedfrom the manufacturers own chambers may be used by thesame manufacturer, using the same type and grade resin,provided that the chambers produced meet all the requirementsof this specification.5. Requirements5.1 C
29、hamber Description5.1.1 Chambers shall be produced in arch shapes symmetricabout the crown with corrugated wall and integral feet for basesupport (see Fig. 1). Any arch shape is acceptable provided allthe requirements of this specification are met.NOTE 3For purposes of structural optimization, the w
30、all geometry(e.g. corrugation height, crest width, valley width, and web pitch) mayvary around the chamber circumference.5.1.2 Chambers shall be produced with maximum span atthe base of the chamber (bottom of the chamber foot).5.1.3 Chambers may include access ports for inspection orcleanout. Chambe
31、rs with access ports shall meet the require-ments of this standard with access ports open and closed.5.1.4 Chambers may include perforations. Perforations shallbe cleanly fabricated in a size, shape, and pattern determinedby the manufacturer. Chambers with perforations shall meetthe requirements of
32、this standard.5.1.5 Chamber sections shall be manufactured to connect atthe ends to provide rows of various lengths. Joints shall beconfigured to prevent intrusion of the surrounding embedmentmaterial and shall be capable of carrying the full load for whichthe chamber is designed.5.1.6 Each row of c
33、hambers shall begin and terminate withan end cap.NOTEThe model chamber shown in this standard is intended only asa general illustration. Any chamber configuration is permitted, as long asit meets all the specified requirements of this standard.FIG. 1 Model ChamberF24180925.1.7 Chamber classification
34、s, dimensions, and tolerancesare provided in Table 1. Chamber classifications are based onthe nominal height and nominal width of the chambers, asillustrated in Fig. 1. Classifications shall be manufactured withthe specified rise and span with tolerances, minimum footwidth, and minimum wall thicknes
35、s.5.2 WorkmanshipThe chambers shall be homogeneousthroughout and essentially uniform in color, opacity, density,and other properties. The interior and exterior surfaces shall befree of chalking, sticky, or tacky material. The chamber wallsshall be free of cracks, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions,
36、 orother defects that are visible to the naked eye and may affectthe wall integrity.5.3 Physical and Mechanical Properties of Finished Cham-ber:5.3.1 Minimum Wall ThicknessChambers shall have awall thickness not less than the minimum wall thickness shownin Table 1 when measured in accordance with 6.
37、2.1.5.3.2 Minimum Foot WidthChambers shall have a footwidth not less than the minimum foot width as shown in Table1 when measured in accordance with 6.2.2 (see also Fig. 1).5.3.3 Rise and Span DimensionsChambers shall meet therise and span dimension requirements shown in Table 1 whenmeasured in acco
38、rdance with 6.2.3 and 6.2.4 (see also Fig. 1).5.3.4 Deviation From StraightnessThe chamber and itssupport feet shall not have a deviation from straightness greaterthan L/100, where L is the length of an individual chamber,when measured in accordance with 6.2.5.NOTE 4This check is to be made at the t
39、ime of manufacture and isincluded to prevent pre-installation deformations in a chamber that meetsall other requirements of this standard.5.3.5 Creep Rupture StrengthSpecimens fabricated in thesame manner and composed of the same materials, includingall additives, as the finished chambers shall have
40、 a 50 yearcreep rupture tensile strength at 73 F (23 C) not less than 700psi (4.8 MPa), when determined in accordance with 6.2.6.5.3.6 Creep ModulusSpecimens fabricated in the samemanner and composed of the same materials, including alladditives, as the finished chambers shall have a 50 year tensile
41、creep modulus at 73 F (23 C) not less than 24 000 psi (165MPa) when tested at a stress level of 500 psi (3.5 MPa) ordesign service stress, whichever is greater. The creep modulusshall be determined in accordance with 6.2.7. The actual testderived creep modulus shall be used in the design of thechamb
42、er (Note 5).NOTE 5The specified minimum modulus provides assurance of long-term stiffness for a chamber resin. It does not provide assurance that allchambers manufactured with a resin of this stiffness with be adequate forall long-term load conditions. Structural calculations to demonstrateadequacy
43、are still required in accordance with 5.5 and 5.6.2.NOTE 6The 50 year creep rupture strength and 50 year creep modulusvalues, determined by the test methods in 6.2.6 and 6.2.7, are used todefine the slope of the logarithmic regression curves to describe therequired material properties sampled from t
44、he product. They are not to beinterpreted as service life limits.5.3.7 Arch Stiffness ConstantChambers shall have an archstiffness constant (ASC) not less than the minimum archstiffness constant shown in Table 1 when determined inaccordance with 6.2.8.5.3.8 FlatteningChambers shall show neither spli
45、tting,cracking, or breaking under normal light and the unaided eyenor loss of load carrying capacity when tested in accordancewith 6.2.9.NOTEThe corrugation profile shown in this standard is intended only as a general illustration.Any corrugation pattern is permitted, as long as it meetsall the spec
46、ified test requirements of this standard.FIG. 2 Model Corrugated WallTABLE 1 Classifications, Dimensions, and TolerancesChamberClassificationNominalHeightNominalWidthRise SpanMinimumFoot WidthMinimumWallThicknessMinimumArchStiffnessConstantAin. (mm) in. (mm)Averagein. (mm)Tolerance 6in (mm)Averagein
47、. (mm)Tolerance 6in (mm) in. (mm) in. (mm) lb/ft/%16333 16 (406) 33 (838) 13.1 (333) 0.4 (10) 24.3 (617) 0.4 (10) 4.0 (100) 0.125 (3.18) 30030351 30 (762) 51 (1295) 26.7 (678) 0.4 (10) 42.6 (1082) 0.4 (10) 4.0 (100) 0.175 (4.45) 300AThe values for arch stiffness should not be considered comparable t
48、o values of pipe stiffness.F24180935.4 Accelerated WeatheringSpecimens fabricated in thesame manner and composed of the same materials as thefinished chambers shall meet all material requirements in 4.2after accelerated weathering described in 6.3.5.5 Installation RequirementsThe chamber manufacture
49、rshall provide the purchaser with the requirements for theproper installation of chambers and the minimum and maxi-mum allowable cover height for specific traffic and non-trafficloading conditions. The installation requirements shall bebased on a design that satisfies the safety factors specified inthe AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, Section12.12 for Thermoplastic Pipe for earth and live loads, withconsideration for impact and multiple vehicle presences.5.6 Design Data5.6.1 Hydraulic DataThe manufacturer shall provide thepurchaser wi
