1、Designation: F2589 11F2589 16Standard Specification forOrnamental Fences Employing Steel Tubular Pickets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2589; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re
2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes the minimum requirements for coated tubular picket ornamental fence systems fabricated frombla
3、ck (that is, not galvanized) steel components.1.2 The requirements of this specification do not apply to vertical bar fence systems utilizing solid bar or wrought iron materials.1.3 The values stated with inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI values in parentheses are provided fori
4、nformation.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A500 Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and ShapesA501 Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural TubingB117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusD7
5、14 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of PaintsD523 Test Method for Specular GlossD822 Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related CoatingsD1654 Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or Coated Specimens Subjected to Corrosive EnvironmentsD2244 Practice for
6、 Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color CoordinatesD2794 Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape TestE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing M
7、achinesF2814 Guide for Design and Construction of Ornamental Steel Picket Fence Systems for Security Purposes3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 adhesionthe bonding integrity of an organic coating to the base metal substrate.3.1.2 corrosion resistancethe ability of
8、 an organically coated metal product to resist attack due to the base metal attemptingto return to a more passive oxidized state.3.1.3 fence panelfabricated unit consisting of rails and pickets. Also referred to as a fence section.3.1.4 impact resistancethe measure of an organically coated metal pro
9、duct to resist indention; the ability of a coating to resistcracking or loss of adhesion due to reforming the metal during bending or a shape change from abuse.3.1.5 ornamental accessoryany fitting that adds further decoration to an ornamental metal fence system including items suchas finials, caps,
10、 picket collars, rings, scrolls, or other ornamental panel inserts.3.1.6 postvertical fence structural component that supports the panel in the ornamental metal fence system.3.1.7 railhorizontal structural component of a fence panel.3.1.8 tubular pickethollow vertical ornamental component of a fence
11、 panel.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F14 on Fences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F14.35 on Architectural Metal FenceSystems.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011Jan. 1, 2016. Published January 2012January 2016. Originally approved in 2006. Last p
12、revious edition approved in 20062011 asF2589 - 06.F2589 - 11. DOI:10.1520/F2589-11.DOI:10.1520/F2589-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards
13、 Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, A
14、STM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.9
15、 tubular picket ornamental metal fence systeman architectural metal fence system that combines ornamental fencestructural components (that is, tubular pickets, rails, and posts) with ornamental accessories and fasteners, assembled and evaluatedas a complete installed structure.3.1.10 weathering resi
16、stancethe ability of an organically coated metal product to resist loss of coating gloss or color changedue to excessive humidity or ultra-violet (UV) sunlight exposure.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of this specification is to define minimum selection criteria and test procedures to ensure
17、product users that atubular picket ornamental metal fence system has the strength necessary to withstand reasonable loads and penetration forces, andhas the appropriate combination of material and surface protection to withstand the harmful effects of corrosion and weatheringfor an extended period o
18、f time.4.2 For security applications, more definitive requirements are listed in Guide F2814.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Steel material for tubular picket ornamental fence system structural components (that is, tubular pickets, rails and posts)shall conform to the requirements of Specifications
19、A500 or A501 and shall have a minimum yield strength of 45 000 psi (310MPa).5.2 Organic Coating Materials5.2.1 Powder coatings applied to the exterior surface of fence components shall be polymer material: polyester or epoxy andpolyester combinations having a minimum thickness of 3 mils; polyolefin
20、elastomer having a minimum thickness of 7 mils; or PVChaving a minimum thickness of 10 mils.5.2.2 Wet coating applied to the exterior surface of fence components shall be a two-coat paint application system (one coat ofepoxy, polyester, or polyurethane primer; one coat of polyester, polyurethane, or
21、 acrylic liquid) with the total combined coatinghaving a minimum thickness of 2 mils.5.3 Fittings, fasteners, and decorative accessories for ornamental steel fence systems shall be manufactured with a material andfinish coating that meets the same protective coating performance requirements as requi
22、red for panels and posts.6. Physical Dimensions6.1 Cross-section and thickness dimensional requirements for ornamental metal fence structural components shall be asspecified by the manufacturer, provided that the performance criteria of Section 8 are met. Table 1 is provided as a guideline toshow no
23、minal values typically used for residential, light industrial (commercial), commercial, and industrial applications.6.2 Fence height and space between rails may vary in accordance with manufacturers standards, provided local ordinances andbuilding codes do not limit these dimensions for a specific a
24、pplication, such as might be the case for pool safety, gate safety, orstructural wind load bearing capacity. No sharply pointed picket tops shall be used on fences less than 4 ft (1.22 m) in height.NOTE 1Fence height is a nominal value and is typically the distance from grade to the top of the fence
25、.6.3 The spacing between pickets shall be 4 in. (101.6 mm) or less; however, if applicable local regulations (such as may beapplied to pool fencing, child care facility fencing, public railing systems, or fencing adjacent to automated gates, etc.) have morerestrictive spacing requirements, then thos
26、e local regulations shall govern.TABLE 1 Nominal Sizes for Ornamental Fence Structural ComponentsApplication Component Typical Cross-Section Wall ThicknessResidentialPicket 58 in. by 58 in. (15.9 mm by 15.9 mm) 18 Ga.Rail 1 in. by 1 in. (25.4 mm by 25.4 mm) 18 Ga.Post 2 in. by 2 in. (50.8 mm by 50.8
27、 mm) 16 Ga.Light Industrial(Commercial)Picket 34 in. by 34 in. (19.0 mm by 19.0 mm) 16 Ga.CommercialPicket 34 in. by 34 in. (19.0mm by 19.0 mm) 16 Ga.Rail138 in. by 112 in. (44.4mm by 38.1 mm) or112 in. by 112 in. (38.1mm by 38.1 mm)14 Ga.Post 212 in. by 212 in. (63.5 mm by 63.5 mm) 14 Ga.Industrial
28、Picket 1 in. by 1 in. (25.4 mm by 25.4 mm) 16 Ga.Rail 138 in. by 112 in. (44.4 mm by 38.1 mm) or 112 in. by 112 in. (38.1 mm by 38.1 mm) 14 Ga.Post 3 in. by 3 in. (76.2 mm by 76.2 mm) 12 Ga.F2589 1627. Workmanship7.1 All ornamental metal fence system components shall be produced using materials and
29、finishes specified in Section 5, andshall be free from defects in workmanship.8. Testing Structural8.1 Structural Test Method A Application of Horizontal Concentrated Load8.1.1 Installation of Test SpecimenOne line of fence with a minimum of three panels of the fence system to be tested shallbe inst
30、alled in accordance with the manufacturers specifications and drawings. Selection of the test specimen should consider themaximum range of styles and sizes to be certified (see Section 10).8.1.2 Apparatus8.1.2.1 Testing MachineAny testing machine or loading device, capable of imposing forces accurat
31、e to within 61 %, whencalibrated in accordance with Practices E4, is suitable and may be used, provided the requirements of specified rate of loading andunloading are met. The testing device shall be of sufficient capacity to prevent yielding of its various components and shall ensurethat the applie
32、d load remains essentially parallel to the relevant axis of the assembly during testing.8.1.2.2 Test SystemA diagrammatic test set-up for applying horizontal tension forces to the assembly is shown in Fig. 1. Thebearing plate, normally 6-in. (150-mm) long, shall be of sufficient size to prevent loca
33、l failure of the surrounding structuralmembers or components. The loading device shall be attached to the assembly by means of pins or a swivel connector to preventthe direct transfer of any flexural forces through the connection.8.1.2.3 Deflection MeasurementsDial gauges, having a smallest division
34、 of not more than 0.01 in. (0.25 mm), or any suitablemeasurement devices or calibrated sensors of at least comparable accuracy and sensitivity shall be used to measure the horizontaldisplacements of the top rail relative to its original location at each loading point prior to load application. These
35、 devices shall havesufficient measurement capability to indicate the displacement throughout the test range.8.1.3 Procedure8.1.3.1 PositioningPosition the test stand in such a way that the load is applied, as shown in Fig. 1, to the structural memberperpendicular to the plane of the fence system wit
36、hout causing any local failure at the point of load application.8.1.3.2 Mounting of InstrumentsMount the dial gauge, measurement device, or sensor at the loading point as is shown in Fig.1. Place the sensing element of the instrument in contact with and normal to the surface or an extension of the s
37、urface of the toprail of the fence system being tested in such a way as to measure displacement in the direction of the applied load.8.1.4 Load Application8.1.4.1 Initial Load ApplicationApply an initial load corresponding to 50 % of the required test load (see Table 2) for aminimum of two minutes i
38、n order to bring all members into full bearing. Reduce load to 25 % of the required test load (50 % ofthe preload), and observe the initial deflection. The deflection at this initial test load shall be the base point for subsequentdeflection readings.FIG. 1 Test Set-Up for Application of Horizontal
39、Concentrated LoadF2589 1638.1.4.2 Step LoadApplicationDuring constant-level step loading up Once the initial deflection point has been established, loadapplication shall proceed at a uniform rate (see 8.1.4.3) to the required test load, each increment of load shall amount held for aminimum of one mi
40、nute, and released to the initial load, where the final deflection shall be determined (by subtracting thedeflection reading at initial test load from the deflection reading at the required test load) for comparison with the maximumallowable residual deflection in Table 2to not more than . If more d
41、etailed information on deformation rate versus load applicationis desired, the load may be applied in constant-level steps to the required test load instead of the single step load application. Formultiple step loads, each step (equal to approximately 15 % of the required test load. After each step
42、load is applied, it shall load)should be released to the initial test load and the residual deflection shall be observed. Plot the for observation of the correspondingresidual deflection. The initial and incremental readings of the force and deflection gauges at each load point can then be recordedi
43、n the form of load-deformation curves.8.1.4.3 Rate of LoadingThe rate of loading between increments shall be uniform throughout the test and such that the loadis applied at a constant rate of deformation of 0.20 6 0.10 in. (5.0 6 2.5 mm) per minute. If this rate of loading cannot be achievedbecause
44、of the type of testing machine used or the equipment available, the rate of loading shall be as near to that required in thissubsection.8.2 Structural Test Method BApplication of Vertical Concentrated Load8.2.1 Installation of Test SpecimenA minimum of one panel of the fence system to be tested shal
45、l be installed in accordancewith the manufacturers specifications and drawings. Selection of the test specimen should consider the maximum range of stylesand sizes to be certified (see Section 10). The bottom of the fence panel shall be elevated by an offset distance of approximately12 in. (305 mm)
46、to allow for downward elastic deformation during test load application.8.2.2 Apparatus8.2.2.1 Testing MachineAny testing machine or loading device, capable of imposing forces accurate to within 61 %, whencalibrated in accordance with Practices E4, is suitable and may be used, provided the requiremen
47、ts of specified rate of loading andunloading are met. The testing device shall be of sufficient capacity to prevent yielding of its various components and shall ensurethat the applied load remains essentially parallel to the relevant axis of the assembly during testing.8.2.2.2 Test SystemA diagramma
48、tic test set-up for applying vertical forces to the assembly is shown in Fig. 2. The bearingplate, normally 4-in. (101.6-mm) long, shall be of sufficient size to prevent local failure of the surrounding structural members orcomponents. The bearing plate shall be positioned flush to the top rail and
49、shall have a hole at its center sufficiently sized to fitover a picket if the style being tested has pickets that extend above the top rail.The loading device shall be attached to the assemblyby means of pins or a swivel connector to prevent the direct transfer of any flexural forces through the connection.8.2.2.3 Deflection MeasurementsOne dial gauge, having a smallest division of not more than 0.01 in. (0.25 mm), or anysuitable measurement device or calibrated sensor of at least comparable accuracy and sensitivity shall be used to
