1、Designation: F 2648/F 2648M 07Standard Specification for2 to 60 inch 50 to 1500 mm Annular Corrugated ProfileWall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Land DrainageApplications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2648/F 2648M; the number immediately following the designation ind
2、icates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers requirements a
3、nd test methodsfor annular corrugated profile wall polyethylene pipe andfittings with an interior liner. The inside diameters covered are2 to 60 in. 50 to 1500 mm.1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended toprovide non-pressure (gravity flow) pipe and fittings suitablefor underground u
4、se for subsurface and land drainage systems,which do not operate under surcharge pressure heads.NOTE 1Pipe and fittings produced in accordance with this specifica-tion are be installed in compliance with Practice D 2321 or Practice F 449based on diameter limitations within the respective standards.N
5、OTE 2Subsurface and land drainage systems pertain principally tonon-municipal or private facilities for water table control, storm drainageand agricultural drainage applications. The products supplied under thisspecification are not intended for any sanitary sewer or municipal stormsewer application
6、s.1.3 This specification covers pipe and fittings with aninterior liner using an annular exterior corrugated profile (Fig.1).1.4 UnitsThe values stated in either inch-pound units orSI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The valuesstated in each system may not be exact equivalents: there
7、fore,each system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-ing values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this stan
8、dard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2122 Test Me
9、thod for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD 2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermo-plastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applica-tionsD 2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD 244
10、4 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Re-sistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of aTup (Falling Weight)D 3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe andFittings MaterialsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF 449 Practice for Subsurface Installation of Cor
11、rugatedPolyethylene Pipe forAgricultural Drainage or Water TableControlF 2136 Test Method for Notched, Constant Ligament-Stress(NCLS) Test to Determine Slow-Crack-Growth Resistanceof HDPE Resins or HDPE Corrugated Pipe2.2 American Association of Highway and TransportationOfficials3(AASHTO) AASHTO LR
12、FD Bridge Design Specifications2.3 Federal Standards:4Fed. Stds. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.65 on LandDrainage.Current edition approved
13、May 15, 2007. Published May 2007.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Ass
14、ociation of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.4F17Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Docu-ments, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401,http:/www
15、.access.gpo.gov1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.4 Military Standard:5MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.5 USDA Standard:6Engineering Standard 6063. Terminology3.1 Definitions: Definitions are in accordance
16、 with Termi-nology F 412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-nology D 1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviationfor polyethylene is PE.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 buckling, vAny reverse curvature or deformation inthe pipe wall or profile element that r
17、educes the load-carryingcapacity of the pipe. For testing evaluations in this standard,buckling is defined as the point where the pipe no longersustains increasing or constant load with increasing deflection.3.2.2 inside diameter, nThe manufacturers stated pipeinside diameter (Table 1).3.2.3 mold li
18、ne, nA line formed on the product as a resultof the mold blocks parting during manufacturing, also referredto as a parting line.3.2.4 profile wall, nA pipe wall construction that presentsan interior liner in the waterway but includes ribs, corrugations,or other shapes, which can be either solid or h
19、ollow, that helpsbrace the pipe against diametrical deformation.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for product made to this specification shouldinclude the following information to adequately describe thedesired product:4.1.1 This ASTM designation4.1.2 Perforations,4.1.2.1 With perforations,4.1.2.2 w
20、ithout perforations,4.1.3 Diameters,4.1.4 Total footage of each pipe diameter involved,4.1.5 Pipe Length,4.1.6 Fitting Type(s),4.1.6.1 Size and Type of fittings, including mainline andbranch diameters, and4.1.6.2 Number of Fittings per Diameter.5Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, D
21、ODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.6Available from U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1400 IndependenceAve., S.W. Washington, DC 20250.FIG. 1 Annular Corrugated Profile Wall Polyethylene Pipe with Interior LinerTABLE 1 Pipe Stiffness
22、 and Pipe DimensionsPipe Inside DiameterAMinimum Pipe Stiffness at 5% Deflection Minimum Inner Liner Thicknessinch mm lb/in/in kPa Inch mm2 50 50 345 0.020 0.53 75 50 345 0.020 0.54 100 50 345 0.020 0.56 150 50 345 0.020 0.58 200 50 345 0.024 0.610 250 50 345 0.024 0.612 300 50 345 0.035 0.915 375 4
23、2 290 0.040 1.018 450 40 275 0.051 1.321 525 38 260 0.060 1.524 600 34 235 0.060 1.527 675 30 205 0.060 1.530 750 28 195 0.060 1.536 900 22 150 0.067 1.742 1050 20 140 0.071 1.848 1200 18 125 0.071 1.854 1350 16 110 0.079 2.060 1500 14 97 0.079 2.0AInside Diameters for metric (SI) sizes are in direc
24、t Imperial equivalent dimensionsF 2648/F 2648M 0725. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Basic Materials5.1.1 Pipe and Blow Molded FittingsThe pipe andfittings shall be made of PE plastic compound meeting therequirements of the following cell classifications as defined anddescribed in Specification D 3350:
25、Pipe Diameter 2 through 10-inch: Cell Class 424420C or424420E (ESCR Test Condition B)Pipe Diameter 12 through 60-inch: Cell Class 435420C or435420E (ESCR Test Condition B)When carbon black is used, the carbon black content shallnot exceed 4 %. In all cases, the density of the PE plasticwithout pigme
26、nt shall not be less than 0.945gm/cc nor greaterthan 0.955 gm/cc. Compounds that have a higher cell classifi-cation in one or more properties shall be permitted provided allother product requirements are met.5.1.2 Rotationally Molded Fittings and CouplingsCompounds used in the manufacture of rotatio
27、nally moldedfittings and couplings shall be made of PE plastic compoundmeeting the requirements of cell classification 213320C or213320E (ESCR Test Condition B) as defined in SpecificationD 3350, except that the carbon black content shall not exceed4 %. Compounds that have a higher cell classificati
28、on in one ormore properties shall be permitted provided all other productrequirements are met.5.1.3 Injection Molded Fittings and CouplingsCompounds used in the manufacture of injection moldedfittings and couplings shall be made of PE plastic compoundmeeting the requirements of cell classification 4
29、14420C or414420E (ESCR Test Condition B) as defined in SpecificationD 3350, except that the carbon black content shall not exceed4 %. Compounds that have a higher cell classification in one ormore properties shall be permitted provided all other productrequirements are met.5.2 Rework MaterialClean r
30、ework material generatedfrom the manufacturers own pipe and fittings production shallbe permitted to be used by the same manufacturer provided thatthe material meets the same or higher Specification D 3350 cellclassification as the material required for the intended part andpipe or fittings to be pr
31、oduced under this specification.6. General Requirements6.1 WorkmanshipThe pipe and fittings shall be homoge-neous throughout and be as uniform as commercially practicalin color, opacity and density. The pipe walls shall be free ofcracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or otherdefects th
32、at are visible to the naked eye and that may affect thewall integrity. There shall be no delaminaiton or separation ofthe inner liner and the profile. The ends shall be cut squarelyand cleanly. Holes intentionally placed in perforated pipe shallbe permitted.6.1.1 Visible defects, cracks, creases, sp
33、lits, obstruction toflow in perforations, or in pipe are not permissible.6.2 Dimensions and Tolerance6.2.1 Inside DiameterThe average measured inside diam-eter for pipe and fittings shall not vary more than (+/) 1.0%from the inside diameter when measured in accordance with7.4.1.NOTE 3The outside dia
34、meters and the corrugation pitch of productsmanufactured to this specification are not specified; therefore, compatibil-ity between pipe and fittings from different manufacturers or the samemanufacturer shall be verified.6.2.2 LengthThe pipe shall be supplied in any lengthagreeable to both the owner
35、 and manufacturer. Length shall notbe less than 99% of stated quantity when measured inaccordance with 7.4.2.6.2.3 Minimum Inner Liner ThicknessThe minimum innerliner thickness of the pipe shall meet the requirements given inTable 1 when measured in accordance with 7.4.3.6.2.4 PerforationsPerforatio
36、ns shall be cleanly cut,placed in the valley of the corrugation rib, and uniformlyspaced along the length and circumference of the pipe. Dimen-sions of the perforations and the minimum perforation inletarea shall be as listed in Table 2. Other perforation dimensionsTABLE 2 Perforation DimensionsPipe
37、 Inside Diameter Type of PerforationCircularMaximum Diameter Minimum Inlet Areainch mm in. mm In2/ft cm2/m2 50 0.187 4.75 1.0 204 75 0.187 4.75 1.0 204 100 0.187 4.75 1.0 206 150 0.187 4.75 1.0 208 200 0.256 6.25 1.0 2010 250 0.315 8.00 1.0 2012 300 0.375 10 1.5 3015 375 0.375 10 1.5 3018 450 0.375
38、10 1.5 3021 525 0.375 10 2.0 4024 600 0.375 10 2.0 4027 675 0.375 10 2.0 4030 750 0.375 10 2.0 4036 900 0.375 10 2.0 4042 1050 0.375 10 2.0 4048 1200 0.375 10 2.0 4054 1350 0.375 10 2.0 4060 1500 0.375 10 2.0 40F 2648/F 2648M 073and configurations shall be permitted where required to meetthe needs o
39、f the specifier. All measurements shall be made inaccordance with 7.4.4. Pipe connected by bell and spigot jointsshall not be perforated in the area of the bells and spigots.6.3 Pipe StiffnessMinimum pipe stiffness at 5% deflectionshall meet the requirements given in Table 2 when tested inaccordance
40、 with 7.5.NOTE 4The 5 % deflection criterion, which was selected for testingconvenience, is not a limitation with respect to in-use deflection. Theengineer is responsible for establishing the acceptable deflection limit.6.4 Pipe FlatteningThere shall be no evidence of split-ting, cracking, breaking,
41、 separation of seams, separation be-tween the exterior corrugation and inner liner, or combinationsthereof, when tested in accordance with 7.6.6.5 Pipe Impact StrengthThere shall be no evidence ofsplitting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation ofthe outer and inner wall, or combinatio
42、ns thereof, when testedin accordance with 7.7.6.6 Fittings and Joining Systems6.6.1 Only fittings supplied or recommended by the pipemanufacturer shall be used. Fittings shall be installed inaccordance with the manufacturers recommendations.6.6.2 The joining system(s) shall be of a design thatpreser
43、ves alignment during construction and prevents separa-tion at the joints. Bell and spigot, external snap or split couplersare examples of typical designs.NOTE 5The ability of a joint to resist soil infiltration (soil tightness)shall be considered. Soil tightness is a function of opening size, channe
44、llength, and backfill particle size. A backfill material containing a highpercentage of Class III and Class IVA material as defined in PracticeD 2321 requires consulting with the manufacturer for the specific type ofjoint to be used to guard against soil infiltration. Alternatively, the jointshall b
45、e wrapped with a geotextile designed to prevent migration of soilsinto the pipe.7. Test Methods7.1 Conditioning7.1.1 Referee TestingWhen conditioning is required forreferee tests, condition the specimens in accordance withProcedure A of Practice D 618 at 73.4 6 3.6 F 23 6 2 C at50 % relative humidit
46、y for not less than 24 hours prior to test.Conduct tests under the same conditions of temperature.7.1.2 Quality Control TestingCondition specimens priorto test at 73.4 6 3.6 F 23 6 2 C for a minimum of 4 hourswithout regard to relative humidity or1hinwater.7.2 Test ConditionsConduct tests other than
47、 those forroutine quality control purposes in the Standard LaboratoryAtmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6 F 23 6 2 C and 50 6 5%relative humidity in the referenced test method or in thisspecification.7.3 SamplingThe selection of the sample or samples ofthe pipe and fittings shall be as agreed upon between the o
48、wnerand the seller. In case of no prior agreement, any samplesselected by the testing laboratory shall be permitted.7.4 Dimensions7.4.1 Inside DiameterMeasure the inside diameter inaccordance with Test Method D 2122.7.4.2 LengthMeasure pipe length in accordance with TestMethod D 2122. Length shall b
49、e measured at ambient tem-perature.7.4.3 Minimum Inner Liner ThicknessMeasure the thick-ness of the inner liner in accordance with Test Method D 2122.Each specimen shall be cut perpendicular to the seam line ofthe pipe directly through a corrugation allowing a plain view ofthe inner wall 360 degrees around the
