1、Designation: F2786 10F2786 16Standard Practice forField Leak Testing of Polyethylene (PE) Pressure PipingSystems Using Gaseous Testing Media Under Pressure(Pneumatic Leak Testing)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2786; the number immediately following the designation indicates th
2、e year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This practice provides information on appar
3、atus, safety, pre-test preparation and procedures for conducting field tests ofpolyethylene pressure piping systems after installation using gaseous testing media such as unodorized inert non-toxic gas or air,and applying pressure to determine if leaks exist in the system (pneumatic leak testing). T
4、his practice applies only to testing todiscover leakage. Testing for other purposes such as testing to establish operating pressure is beyond the scope of this practice.1.2 This practice does not address leak testing using pressurized liquids (hydrostatic testing). For field leak testing usingpressu
5、rized liquids, see Practice F2164.1.2 Leak testing with pressurized gaseous testing media shall be used only if one or both of the following conditions exists:1.2.1 The piping system is so designed that it cannot be filled with a liquid, or1.2.2 The piping system service cannot tolerate traces of li
6、quid testing media.fluid.1.3 Where hydrostatic testing is specified in contract documents or by the authority having jurisdiction, testing using pressurizedgaseous testing media (pneumatic) testing shall not be substituted without the express consent and authorization of the authorityhaving jurisdic
7、tion.1.4 Some manufacturers prohibit or restrict pressurized gaseous media testing of their products. products with pressurizedgaseous testing media. Contact component manufacturers for information about testing with gaseous media under pressure.information. Where the manufacturer of a test section
8、component prohibits or restricts testing with pressurized gaseous mediatesting, pressurized gaseous media (pneumatic) testingtesting media testing in accordance with this practice shall not be usedwithout the express consent and authorization of the authority having jurisdiction and the component ma
9、nufacturer.NOTE 1Components that are not suitable for testing with gaseous media testing fluid may not be suitable for service with pressurized gaseousmedia.fluid.1.5 This practice does not address leak testing using pressurized liquids (hydrostatic testing). For field leak testing usingpressurized
10、liquids, see Practice F2164.1.6 This practice does not apply to leak testing of non-pressure, negative pressure (vacuum), or non-PE piping systems. For fieldacceptance testing of plastic gravity flow non-pressure sewer lines, see Test Method F1417.1.7 This practice does not apply to fuel gas piping
11、systems that extend from the point of delivery to the appliance connections.For other than undiluted liquefied petroleum gas (LP-Gas) systems, the point of delivery shall be considered to be the outlet ofthe service meter assembly or the outlet of the service regulator or service shutoff valve where
12、 no meter is provided. For undilutedLP-Gas, the point of delivery shall be considered to be the outlet of the final pressure regulator, exclusive of line gas regulators,in the system. Testing for these systems can be found in NFPA 54 / ANSI Z223.1. This practice does not apply to LP-Gas systemscover
13、ed under NFPA 58.1.8 This practice is intended for use with polyethylene pressure piping that conveys gaseous media under pressure (compressedgas) if the owner or operator or installer of the line does not have an established leak testing procedure that is acceptable to theauthority having jurisdict
14、ion.1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test Methods.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2010Feb. 1, 2016. Published February 2010March 2016. DOI:10.1520/F278610.Originally approved in 2010.
15、 Last previous editionapproved in 2010 as F278610. DOI:10.1520/F278616.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depi
16、ct all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM Internation
17、al, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States11.9 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered stan
18、dard. Numbered notes and informationin parentheses in the text of the practice are non-mandatory information. Table notes are mandatory information.1.9 WarningFailure during a pressure pressurized gaseous testing media leak test can be extremely violent and dangerousespecially where a compressed gas
19、eous media is used. In a compressed gaseous media test, energy because energy that is appliedto compress the gaseous testing media in addition and to pressurizing the system. If failure occurs, both energies can be suddenlyreleased and can be extremely violent compared to failure during leak testing
20、 with an incompressible liquid testingmedia.pressurize the system will both be suddenly released.NOTE 2To illustrate the violent hazard of failure, assume a 5 Hp compressor is used to raise the test section to test pressure and that it takes 1 h toachieve test pressure. If sudden rupture occurs, ene
21、rgy release may occur in 2 s. Therefore, the horsepower of the energy release would be 5 HP 1 h 3600 sec/h / 2 s = 9,000 Hp. Further, if diameter is doubled, energy release is four times greater. For an example test section that is twice the diameter,energy release would be 36,000 Hp.1.10 The values
22、 stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Numbered notes and informationin parentheses in the text of the practice are non-mandatory infor
23、mation. Table notes are mandatory information.1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regul
24、atorylimitations prior to use. Additional safety information is presented in Section 7 and throughout this practice.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to PlasticsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF1417 Practice for Installatio
25、n Acceptance of Plastic Non-pressure Sewer Lines Using Low-Pressure AirF2164 Practice for Field Leak Testing of Polyethylene (PE) and Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pressure Piping Systems UsingHydrostatic Pressure2.2 Other Standard:3PPI TR-4 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code PPI Listing of Hydrostatic D
26、esign Basis (HDB), Pressure Design Bases (PDB) andMinimum Required Strength (MRS) Ratings for Thermoplastic Piping MaterialsPPI Handbook of Polyethylene Pipe, Second Edition2.3 NFPA Standards:4NFPA 54 / ANSI Z223.1 National Fuel Gas CodeNFPA 58 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code3. Terminology3.1 Abbreviat
27、ions and terms are in accordance with Terminology D1600 and Terminology F412 unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 authority having jurisdiction, nThe organization, office or individual responsible for “approving“ equipment andinstallation, or a procedur
28、e.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThe term “authority having jurisdiction“ is used in this practice in a broad manner since jurisdictions and “approval“ agencies vary,as do their responsibilities. Where public safety is concerned, the “authority having jurisdiction“ may be a federal, state, local orother regional
29、 department or individual such as a Fire Chief, Fire Marshall, chief of a fire prevention bureau, labor department,building official, or others having statutory authority. For insurance purposes, an insurance inspection department, rating bureauor other insurance company representative may be the “a
30、uthority having jurisdiction. In many circumstances, the property owneror his authorized engineer or agent assumes the role of the “authority having jurisdiction“; at government installations, thecommanding officer or departmental official may be the “authority having jurisdiction.“3.2.2 approve, vA
31、cceptable to or authorized by the authority having jurisdiction. (approved, approving, approval)3.2.3 authorized persons, nPersons that are fully informed of the testing procedure and hazards of field pressure testing, andthat are qualified to operate the onsite testing equipment, and that are quali
32、fied to perform onsite leak detection.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Plasti
33、cs Pipe Institute (PPI), 105 Decker Court, Suite 825, Irving, TX 75062, http:/www.plasticpipe.org.4 Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.orgF2786 1623.2.3.1 DiscussionAuthorized persons may be agents or representatives
34、 or inspectors for the authority having jurisdiction, or may be employees ofthe party conducting the test. Contract documents may identify responsibilities, but regardless of assigned responsibilities, onlyauthorized persons shall be allowed in proximity of test sections when testing (per Section 9)
35、 is underway.3.2.4 gaseous testing media, na non-toxic, non-flammable fluid substance that is chemically compatible with piping systemcomponents, and at testing temperature, exists in a non-solid, non-liquid state.3.2.5 pressure piping system, nA piping system where all components in the system are
36、pressure rated and intended forconveying a fluid under continuous internal pressure. (See also Terminology F412, pressure pipe, and non-pressure pipe.) To verifysuitability for pressure service, consult the component manufacturer.3.2.5.1 DiscussionPPI TR-4 provides information about stress ratings f
37、or some plastic materials and products.3.2.6 restraint, nTemporary or permanent structural measures or devices that restrict, guide, prevent, or safely limit disjoiningand movement of the piping system and piping components while the system is under pressure during testing or service conditions.Rest
38、raint may include backfill, anchors, thrust blocks, external clamps and tie rods (joint restraints), pipe guides, etc.3.2.6.1 DiscussionRestraint means that if violent separation or failure occurs during pressurization or testing, any movement of components or partsis sufficiently constrained or pre
39、vented such that damage or injury is prevented.3.2.7 system design pressure, nThe limiting continuous internal pressure specified by the piping system designer. Systemdesign pressure may be less than the pressure ratings of components in the system. System design pressure may be limited bycomponent
40、pressure ratings, by code or application requirements, or by other restrictions.3.2.8 visible leakage, nThe visible escape (bubbles, drip, spray, stream, flow, etc.) of test fluid from the test section throughcomponents, joints, connections, appurtenances and the like in the test section. Visibility
41、 of gaseous media leakage is enhancedby the application of leak detection fluid at joints, seals or seams where leakage is likely.4. Summary of Practice4.1 The section of the piping system to be tested shall be isolated from other parts of the system, and shall be restrained peras3.2.5 againstdescri
42、bed in 3.2.6disjoining and movement to prevent injury or damage in the event of catastrophic failure. .Components that are not to be subjected to test pressure or that could be damaged by test pressure shall be removed, or shall beisolated and vented to atmosphere. The test section is filled with th
43、e gaseous testing media, raised to the test pressure and allowedto stabilize. The system is inspected or monitored for leakage, and then test pressure is relieved. If repairs or corrections arenecessary, they are performed only when the test section is depressurized. If necessary, retesting is perfo
44、rmed after leak repairsor corrections and a relaxation period.At the conclusion of an acceptable test (approval), the test section may be placed in service.Purging or disposal of the gaseous testing media from the test section may be necessary.4.2 Test pressure and test duration are dependent on pip
45、ing system volume and piping system temperature. The volume ofcompressed gaseous testing media available or compressor capacity will determine the test section length that can be raised to testpressure within specified test duration and test pressure limits. Elevated temperatures anywhere in the tes
46、t section especially wheretest section areas are exposed to sunlight heating require reduced test pressure.4.3 Acceptance is determined by the approval of the authority having jurisdiction.4.4 If applicable, the authority having jurisdiction specifies procedures or requirements for gaseous testing m
47、edia disposal orcontainment during depressurizing or purging.5. Significance and Use5.1 If required by the authority having jurisdiction, pressurized gaseous testing media leak testing may be is conducted afterinstallation to discover and correct or repair leaks or faults in a newly constructed or m
48、odified polyethylene pressure piping systembefore placing the system in service. Leakage or faults usually occur at connections, joints, and mechanical seals where sealingunder pressure is required.5.2 Safety is of paramount importance when conducting pressurized gaseous testing media leak tests bec
49、ause testing resultsinclude no leaks, leaks, sudden violent rupture, or catastrophic failure.5.3 Systems that contain lower pressure rated or non-pressure rated components that cannot be isolated or removed fromexposure to test pressure, or where temporary caps or closures are not practical, are not suitable for testing in accordance with thispractice.F2786 1635.4 Leakage AllowanceLeakage is not allowed for joints including butt, socket and saddle fusion, electrofusion, fusion joints,electrofusion joints, and restrained gas-tight mechanical joints. See 7.6
