1、Designation: F2788/F2788M 17 An American National StandardStandard Specification forMetric and Inch-sized Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2788/F2788M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,
2、in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers crosslinked polyethylene(PEX) pipe that is outside dia
3、meter controlled in metric pipesizes 16 mm to 1000 mm and inch pipe sizes 3 in. to 54 in.,made in nominal pipe dimension ratios, and pressure rated forwater at three temperatures (see Appendix X1). Included arerequirements and test methods for material, workmanship,dimensions, burst pressure, hydros
4、tatic sustained pressure,excessive temperature-pressure, environmental stress cracking,stabilizer functionality, bent-pipe hydrostatic pressure, oxida-tive stability in potable chlorinated water, degree ofcrosslinking, and minimum operating temperature. Require-ments for pipe markings are also given
5、. The pipe covered bythis specification is intended for pressure piping applications,such as, industrial and general-purpose pipelines, potable waterpipelines, and fireextinguishing pipelines.1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes,and appendixes, which provide explanatory mat
6、erial. Thesenotes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shallnot be considered as requirements of the specification.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; the
7、refore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this stand
8、ard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on
9、 Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD792 Test Methods for Density and Spe
10、cific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient TechniqueD1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic PipeUnder Constant Internal PressureD1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time HydraulicPressure of Plastic Pip
11、e, Tubing, and FittingsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics (Withdrawn 1998)3D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics In-tended for Outdoor Applicat
12、ionsD2765 Test Methods for Determination of Gel Content andSwell Ratio of Crosslinked Ethylene PlasticsD2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basisfor Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basisfor Thermoplastic Pipe ProductsD3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Pol
13、y-olefins by Differential Scanning CalorimetryF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF2023 Test Method for Evaluating the Oxidative Resistanceof Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe, Tubing andSystems to Hot Chlorinated WaterF2657 Test Method for Outdoor Weathering Exposure ofCrosslinked
14、Polyethylene (PEX) TubingF2829 Specification for Metric- and Inch-Sized CrosslinkedPolyethylene (PEX) Pipe Systems1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.26 on OlefinBased Pipe.Current edition a
15、pproved Nov. 15, 2017. Published February 2018. Originallyapproved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as F2788/F2788M15.DOI: 10.1520/F2788_F2788M-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book
16、of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Driv
17、e, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations iss
18、ued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.12.2 ANSI Standard:4B36.10 Standards Dimensions of Steel Pipe (IPS)2.3 Federal Standard:5FED-STD-123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.4 Military Standard:5MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.5 NSF Standar
19、d:6NSF/ANSI 14 for Plastic Piping Components and RelatedMaterials2.6 ISO Standards:7ISO 1167 Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies forthe conveyance of fluids Determination of the resis-tance to internal pressure Part 1: General methodISO 4427 Plastic piping systems - Polyethylene (PE) pipes
20、and fittings for water supplyISO 13477 Thermoplastics pipes for the conveyance offluids Determination of resistance to rapid crackpropagation (RCP) Small-scale steady-state test (S4test)ISO 13760 Plastics pipes for the conveyance of fluids underpressure Miners rule Calculation method for cumu-lative
21、 damageISO 14531-1 Plastics pipes and fittings Crosslinkedpolyethylene (PE-X) pipe systems for the conveyance ofgaseous fuels Metric series Specifications Part 1:PipesISO R 161-1690 Pipes of Plastic Materials for the Transportof Fluids (Outside Diameters and Nominal Pressures) Part1, Metric Series2.
22、7 PPI Standards:8PPI TR-3 Policies and Procedures for Developing Hydro-static Design Basis (HDB), Pressure Design Basis (PDB),Strength Design Basis (SDB), and Minimum RequiredStrength (MRS) Ratings for Thermoplastic Piping Mate-rials or PipePPI TR-4 PPI Listing of Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB),Stre
23、ngth Design Basis (SDB), Pressure Design Basis(PDB) and Minimum Required Strength (MRS) Ratingsfor Thermoplastic Piping Materials or Pipe3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-nology D1600, unless otherwise sp
24、ecified. The abbreviation forcrosslinked polyethylene is PEX. Plastic pipe denotes a par-ticular diameter schedule of plastic pipe in which outsidediameter of the pipe conforms with ISO 4427.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 crosslinked polyethylene plasticsplastics preparedby
25、 crosslinking (curing) polyethylene compounds.3.2.2 hydrostatic design stress (HDS)the estimated maxi-mum tensile stress the material is capable of withstandingcontinuously with a high degree of certainty that failure of thepipe will not occur. This stress is circumferential when internalhydrostatic
26、 water pressure is applied. The HDS is equal to thehydrostatic design basis (HDB) times the design factor (DF)for water. For this standard, the design factor is equal to 0.50.HDS 5 HDB 3DF (1)5HDB 30.50 for this standard!3.2.3 hydrostatic design basis (HDB)one of a series ofestablished stress values
27、 (specified in Test Method D2837) fora plastic compound obtained by categorizing the long-termhydrostatic strength determined in accordance with TestMethod D2837.3.2.3.1 DiscussionA listing of HDB and HDS values arecontained in PPI publication PPI TR-43.2.4 pressure rating (PR)the estimated maximum
28、waterpressure the pipe is capable of withstanding continuously witha high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe will not occur.3.2.5 relation between dimensions, hydrostatic designstress, and pressure ratingthe following expression, com-monly known as the ISO equation9is used in this specific
29、ationto relate dimensions, hydrostatic design stress, and pressurerating:2S/P 5 Do/t! 2 1 or (2)2S/P 5 R 2 IS = hydrostatic design stress, psi (or MPa),P = pressure rating, psi (or MPa),Do= average outside diameter, in. (or mm),t = minimum wall thickness, in. (or mm), andR = standard dimension ratio
30、 (SDR) or dimension ratio(DR)3.2.6 standard dimension ratio (SDR)/dimension ratio(DR)the ratio of outside diameter to wall thickness. ForPEX-pipe, it is calculated by dividing the average outsidediameter of the pipe by the minimum wall thickness. If thecalculated dimension ratio is a Preferred Numbe
31、r Series R 10modified by +1 (7, 9, 11 etc.), then it is called an SDR(standard dimension ratio); for all other numbers, it is called aDR.3.2.7 standard pipe material designation codeThe pipematerial designation code shall consist of the abbreviation forthe type of plastic (PEX) followed by four Arab
32、ic digits thatdescribe short-term properties in accordance with applicableASTM standards and as shown in Table 1.3.2.7.1 DiscussionThe first digit is for chlorine resistancetested in accordance with Test Method F2023.(1) A digit “0” indicates that the PEX pipe either has not beentested for chlorine
33、resistance or that the PEX pipe does notmeet the minimum requirement for chlorine resistance.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5DLA Document Services Building 4/D 700 Robbins Avenue Philadelphia, PA19111-509
34、4 http:/quicksearch.dla.mil/6Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., AnnArbor, MI 48113-0140, http:/www.nsf.org.7Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. dela Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.is
35、o.ch.8Available from Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI), 105 Decker Court, Suite 825,Irving, TX 75062, http:/www.plasticpipe.org.9ISO R1611690.F2788/F2788M 172(2) A digit “1” indicates the PEX pipe has been tested andmeets the FXXXX requirement for minimum chlorine resis-tance at the end use condition of
36、 25% at 140F (60C) and 75%at 73F (23C).(3) A digit “2” is reserved for future application.(4) A digit “3” indicates that the PEX pipe has been tested andmeets the FXXXX requirement for minimum chlorine resis-tance at end use condition of 50% at 140F and 50% at 73F.(5) A digit “4” is reserved for fut
37、ure application.(6) A digit “5” indicates that the PEX pipe has been tested andmeets the requirement for minimum chlorine resistance at enduse conditions of 100% of the time at 140F.3.2.7.2 DiscussionThe second digit is a “0“. This digit isreserved for a currently unspecified PEX pipe property.3.2.7
38、.3 DiscussionThe last two digits are the hydrostaticdesign stress for water at 73F (23C) in units of 100 psi withany decimal figures dropped. Where the hydrostatic designstress code contains less than two figures, a zero is used beforethe number. Thus, a complete material designation code forPEX pip
39、e shall consist of the three letters “PEX“ and fourdigits.4. Pipe Classification4.1 GeneralThis specification covers one PEX pipe ma-terial having pressure ratings for water at three temperatures.The pressure ratings decrease as the temperature is increased.4.2 Standard Dimension Ratio (SDR)This spe
40、cificationcovers PEX pipe in various standard dimension ratios anddimension ratios for nominal diameters 16 mm (12 in) andlarger. The pressure ratings are uniform for all nominal pipesizes with the same DR or SDR.5. Materials5.1 GeneralCrosslinked polyethylene pipe, meeting therequirements of this s
41、pecification, are primarily defined bymeans of three criteria, namely, (1) nominal density, (2) degreeof crosslinking, and (3) long-term strength tests. There is astrong correlation between nominal density and results ofshort-term strength tests.NOTE 1PEX pipe intended for use in the transport of po
42、table watershould be evaluated and certified as safe for this purpose by a testingagency acceptable to the local health authority. The evaluation should bein accordance with requirements for chemical extraction, taste, and odorthat are no less restrictive than those included in NSF/ANSI 14. The seal
43、or mark of the laboratory making the evaluation should be included on thepipe.5.2 Basic MaterialsPEX pipe shall be made from poly-ethylene compounds which have been crosslinked byperoxides, Azo compounds, or silane compounds in extrusion,or by electron beam after extrusion, or by other means suchtha
44、t the pipe meets the performance requirements of Section 6.For the use temperatures that the pipe will be marked for, thematerials, procedure for mixing, and the process for crosslink-ing shall result in a product with long term hydrostatic designstresses and pressure ratings as shown in Table 2, wh
45、endetermined in accordance with procedures no less restrictivethan those of PPI TR-39. See Appendix X1 for additionalinformation on PPI hydrostatic stress ratings.NOTE 2Pipe produced by crosslinking by peroxides, Azo compounds,or silane compounds in extrusion, or by electron beam after extrusion hav
46、emet the requirements of Section 6. There are several other processes forproducing crosslinked polyethylene pipe. However, each process must beestablished as meeting the requirements of this specification.5.3 Pipe Material DesignationThe pipe meeting the re-quirements of this specification shall be
47、designated PEX.5.4 Color:5.4.1 If the color of the pipe is black, the formulation shallcontain carbon black as a colorant, and the formulation shallmeet the requirements of 5.5.5.4.2 If black pipe has colored stripes, the color of thestripes shall conform to the APWA Uniform Color Code.5.4.3 If the
48、color of the pipe is non-black, the formulationshall contain a non-black pigment, and the formulation shallmeet the requirements of 5.5. The color of the pipe shallconform to the APWA Uniform Color Code.5.5 UV Protection:5.5.1 The material formulation shall contain additives toprotect the pipe from
49、UV radiation. The pipe shall be markedwith the maximum UV exposure time, based on the manufac-turers testing of UV exposed pipe in accordance with TestMethod F2657, Practice D2565 or ISO 14531-1Annex C.AfterPEX pipe has been weathered, it shall meet the thermalstability, 95C hydrostatic strength, and elongation at breakrequirements of ISO 14531-1 Table 8.5.5.2 See Appendix X2 for UV labeling guidelines.5.6 Potable Water Applications Material formulations in-tended for chlorinated potable water applications per 3.2.7shall fi
