1、Designation: F2814 09 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Guide forDesign and Construction of Ornamental Steel Picket FenceSystems for Security Purposes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2814; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides the material and installation stan-dards for selection in the desig
3、n of an ornamental steel picketfence system for security applications. The proper materialselection and system installation and layout can substantiallyincrease the difficulty to penetrate; thereby, increasing theintrusion delay time.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety con
4、cerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A121 Specification for Metallic-Coated
5、 Carbon SteelBarbed WireA392 Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Chain-Link FenceFabricA491 Specification for Aluminum-Coated Steel Chain-LinkFence FabricF668 Specification for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Polyolefinand Other Polymer-Coated Steel Chain Link Fence FabricF1184 Specification for Industria
6、l and Commercial Horizon-tal Slide GatesF1345 Specification for Zinc-5 % Aluminum-MischmetalAlloy-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence FabricF1379 Terminology Relating to Barbed TapeF1665 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) andOther Conforming Organic Polymer-Coated Steel BarbedWire Used With Chai
7、n-Link FenceF1910 Specification for Long Barbed Tape ObstaclesF1911 Practice for Installation of Barbed TapeF2200 Specification for Automated Vehicular Gate Con-structionF2408 Specification for Ornamental Fences Employing Gal-vanized Steel Tubular PicketsF2453/F2453M Specification for Welded Wire Me
8、sh FenceFabric (Metallic-Coated or Polymer Coated) for Meshesof 6 in.23871 mm2 or Less, in Panels or Rolls, withUniform MeshesF2548 Specification for Expanded Metal Fence Systems forSecurity PurposesF2589 Specification for Ornamental Fences Employing SteelTubular PicketsF2656 Test Method for Crash T
9、esting of Vehicle SecurityBarriers2.2 U.S. Department of State3SD-STD-02.01, Revision A, March 2003 Test Method forVehicle Crash Gate Testing of Perimeter Barriers andGates.2.3 U.S. Department of Defense4UFC 4-010-01 United Facilities Criteria, DoD MinimumAntiterrorism Standards for Buildings3. Term
10、inology3.1 Terms defined in Specifications F2408 and F2589 shallalso apply to ornamental steel picket fence systems under thejurisdiction of this guide.3.2 Terms defined in Terminology F1379 shall apply to theuse of barbed tape obstacles referenced in this guide.3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to
11、This Standard:3.3.1 fence security accessoryan accessory product addedat the extremities of an ornamental steel picket security fencesystem to broaden its coverage range and increase the time anddifficulty necessary to breach the system (for example, barbedwire, barbed tape, spiked railing supplemen
12、ts, etc.).1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F14 on Fences and isthe direct responsibility of Subcommittee F14.50 on High Security Fences andPerimeter Barriers.Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published August 2015. Originallyapproved in 2009. Last previous edition approve
13、d as F2814-09. DOI: 10.1520/F2814-09R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the U
14、.S. Department of State, Bureau of Diplomatic Security,Office of Physical Security Programs, Physical Security Division, SA-14, WashingD.C. 20529-1403.4Available electronically from United Facilities Criteria (UFC) Index http:/65.204.17.188/report/doc ufc.htmlCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr H
15、arbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.3.2 supplemental security fence filla secondary fencefiller material (for example, expanded metal, welded wiremesh, chain-link mini-mesh fabric, etc.) attached to or inte-grated with the vertical pickets of the ornamental st
16、eel picketfence system.4. Significance and Use4.1 Ornamental steel picket fence systems can be designedto provide greater levels of security by selecting styles andconfigurations that increase the difficulty to penetrate and inturn increase delay time. Some examples include: increasingthe height of
17、the fence, using ornamental picket styles thatcurve outward to form a parapet on the attack side of the fence,and decreasing the spacing between vertical pickets.4.2 Security hardening of ornamental steel picket fencesystems can be achieved by adding fence security accessories(that is, barbed wire t
18、o the top; barbed tape to the top, side orbottom of the fence; or spiked railing supplements along thetop rail) or by attaching supplemental security fence fillmaterials (that is, expanded metal, barbed tape mesh, weldedwire mesh, or chain-link mini-mesh fabric). Slats or screeningpanels can be inse
19、rted to restrict visibility when required.4.3 Multiple fence lines can be installed to create isolationzones that enhance the ability to patrol or visually monitor thearea.4.4 Anti-ram cable systems may be added to resist vehiclepenetration into a protected perimeter.5. Part 1General5.1 List the sco
20、pe of work included; the performancerequirements of the overall project security design criteria; theperformance design criteria for the fence system, referencedcontract documents, fence design and detail drawings, materialspecifications, related site work, site drawings with the specificfence layou
21、t, product and data submittals, certifications, sitepreparation, contractor qualifications, warranties and the fenceintegration with other security products.5.1.1 Fence placement can be critical and should be wellthought out and defined by the contract specifications anddrawings. Placement should be
22、 coordinated with the gradingplan to ensure it does not inhibit drainage flow or cause debrisbuildup.5.1.2 Consideration should be given to the fence location toprovide the proper offset to protect a building or provide a clearzone from trees, underbrush, buildings and structures. Quali-fying federa
23、l building sites require specified fence set backdistances from the building in compliance with the DoDMinimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings, UFC 4-010-01.5.1.3 Consideration should be given during design of thefence to ensure it will properly support the application of addedintrusion detect
24、ion devices. An integrated system using light-ing with video surveillance requires a specific fence layout, forexample, the fence must be located to avoid blocking the viewor reduce shadows.5.1.4 Signage posted along the fence line should always bea consideration.6. Material Requirements6.1 Tubular
25、Picket Ornamental Fence System:6.1.1 Structural components of tubular picket ornamentalfence systems shall meet the material and coating requirementsof Specification F2408 or F2589, whichever is applicable.6.1.2 There are multiple panel and picket design configura-tions; those recommended for securi
26、ty fence applications arelisted in Table 1.6.1.3 Because ornamental steel picket fence systems de-signed for increased security levels are generally taller andheavier than fences for other applications, and, because theyfrequently are hardened by the addition of supplementalexpanded metal, welded wi
27、re, or chain-link fill, wind resistanceis amplified. Fence system designs should be selected to meetthe anticipated wind loads based on the site geographicallocation, soil strength and weather conditions.6.2 Fence Security Accessories:6.2.1 Barbed WireWhen barbed wire is specified, It isrecommended
28、that polymer coated barbed wire in accordancewith Specification F1665, Type II spacing at 3 in. (76 mm) oncenter be selected. The color should match the color of theornamental fence, if possible to match the aesthetics of thefence system. Metallic coated carbon steel barbed wire, highsecurity grade
29、in accordance with Specification A121, is alsopermissible.TABLE 1 Panel pickets to be a minimum of 1 in.214Ga.Rail Spacing Minimum 80 in. clear span between rail(s) at top of fence panel and rail(s) at bot-tom of panel when space between pickets exceeds 2-14 in. (No minimum if spacebetween pickets i
30、s less than 2-14 in. or if supplemental security fence fill is addedto cover the spaces.Post Spacing Maximum 8 ftPicket-To-Rail Connections Connections must be secured by welding, by enclosed inaccessible retainingsystem, or by tamper-proof security fasteners.Picket Profile Spear-pointed tip extendi
31、ng minimum of 6 in. above top rail; or top rail protectionprovided by fence security accessories such as barbed wire, barbed tape, spikedrailing supplements. Outwardly curved or angled pointed picket designs increasedifficulty to climb.F2814 09 (2015)26.2.2 Barbed Tape ObstaclesWhen barbed tape issp
32、ecified, select the diameter, design and configuration inaccordance with Specification F1910.6.2.3 Spiked Railing SupplementsWhen spiked railingsupplements are specified, material and coating shall complywith the requirements for the fence system.6.3 Supplemental Security Fence Fill:6.3.1 Expanded M
33、etalWhen expanded metal is specified,select the appropriate material, mesh size, gauge, design andconfiguration from Specification F2548.6.3.2 Welded Wire MeshWhen welded wire mesh isspecified, select the appropriate material, mesh size, gauge,design and configuration from Specification F2453/F2453M
34、.6.3.3 Chain Link FabricWhen chain link fabric isspecified, It is recommended that the appropriate material,mesh, size, gauge, color, design, and configuration be selectedfrom Specification F668 to match the aesthetics of the orna-mental fence; however, selection from Specification A392,A491,orF1345
35、 is also permissible if metallic coated fabric isacceptable.6.4 Fittings:6.4.1 The material for post caps, finials and other decorativeadornments shall be compatible with the fence system compo-nent material; coating shall meet the same performance stan-dard as the fence components (see Specificatio
36、n F2408 orF2589, whichever is applicable).6.4.2 Brackets and bracket fasteners used for mountingpanels to post have a shear strength equal to or greater than thehorizontal rail material, coated to meet the same performancestandard as the fence components (see Specification F2408 orF2589, whichever i
37、s applicable). Fasteners shall be tamper-proof (for example, one-way bolts, break-away cone nuts, etc.).6.4.3 When barbed wire is specified, select barb arm designto meet the appropriate security requirement (barb arms areavailable in various configurations to accommodate three to sixstrands of barb
38、ed wire).6.5 Swing GatesSwing gates shall be fabricated by weld-ing using 2-in.2gate ends and rails and pickets meeting thefence component criteria. Gates frame shall be designed for thewidth built so that the outer member shall not sag in excess ofthe lesser of 1 % of the gate leaf width or 2 in. (
39、50.8 mm).6.5.1 Swing gate post sizes shall be selected based on themanufacturers specification.6.5.2 Hinges for post and gate frame shall be manufacturedof zinc casting, pressed steel, weldable steel plates or blocks, ormalleable iron, hot-dipped galvanized with a minimum zincweight of 1.20 oz/ft2(3
40、66 g/m2). Any tamper points shall besecured by welding or peening the threads. Swing gate latchesand drop bar guides shall be manufactured of pressed steel,hot-dipped galvanized with a minimum zinc weight of 1.20oz/ft2(366 g/m2). Gate hardware shall be color coated to meetthe same requirements as th
41、e fence system (in accordance withSpecification F2408 or F2589, whichever is applicable).6.5.3 Swing gates shall be coated to meet the same require-ments as the fence system (in accordance with SpecificationF2408 or F2589, whichever is applicable).6.6 Slide GatesSelect the Type and Class of slide ga
42、teusing Specification F1184.6.6.1 If cantilever slide gates are to be used, specify Type II,Class 2, interior roller design.6.6.2 Gates shall be coated to meet the same requirements asthe fence system (in accordance with Specification F2408 orF2589, whichever is applicable).6.6.3 Select the slide ga
43、te post size based on the gate sizeand design in accordance with Specification F1184 or manu-facturers recommendation.6.6.4 Automated vehicle gates shall comply with Specifica-tion F2200.6.7 Vehicle crash gates, bollards, wedges or barrier arms,when required, shall be specified by:6.7.1 The Conditio
44、n Designation and Penetration Level,tested and certified in accordance with Test Method F2656.6.7.2 The K Rating design criteria, tested and certified inaccordance with U.S. State Department standard, SD-STD-02.01, Revision A, March 2003.7. Installation7.1 Site Preparation:7.1.1 Prior to installatio
45、n of an ornamental steel picket fencesystem, all necessary clearing and grading should be performedon both sides of the fence line. Grading along the fence lineshould minimize uneven surfaces that can lead to washouts andgaps under the fence.7.1.2 At swing gate locations, grade surface as level aspr
46、actical consistent with drainage requirements between thehinge and latch posts and within the swing area of the gate.Grading for slide gates should comply with manufacturersguidelines for smooth travel, free of binding during operation.7.1.3 Where underground utility lines cross fence lines,consider
47、 how the framework and fastening can accommodateremoval for maintenance should the need arise without com-prising the perimeter.7.2 Fence Installation:7.2.1 Fence posts shall be set at spacings specified by themanufacturer, not to exceed ten feet. Fence designs requiringlarger posts or closer post s
48、pacings due to wind load orincreased security may require larger, deeper concrete footingsdepending on soil conditions.7.2.2 Panels shall be mounted in accordance with themanufacturers instructions with mounting hardware suppliedby the manufacturer. All fasteners must be installed so they aretamper-
49、proof from the attack side of the fence.7.3 Installation of Fence Security Accessories:7.3.1 Barb arms, when specified, shall be riveted or boltedto the post.7.3.2 Barbed tape shall be installed in accordance withPractice F1911.7.3.3 Spiked railing supplements shall be attached in accor-dance with manufacturers instructions.7.4 Installation of Supplemental Security Fence Fill:7.4.1 Expanded metal, welded wire mesh, or chain linkfabric, when required as supplemental fill for the ornamentalF2814 09 (2015)3fence system, shall be attached in accordance with the man
