1、Designation: F2822 10Standard Specification forFixed Anchorages Installed on Structures used for RopeRescue Training1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard specifies the minimum strength require-ments for anchorages permanently installed or attached totra
3、ining towers or other structures used for rope rescuetraining. It does not describe how those anchorages areconstructed, installed in, or attached to the structure nor does itinclude any factors of safety. It only specifies the design loadsthat must be considered.1.2 The values stated in SI units ar
4、e to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices
5、 and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F2266 Specification for Masses Used in Testing RescueSystems and Components3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2 anchorage, na permanently attached point
6、 on thestructure that is used as an attachment for rope or hardware.Also referred to as an anchor.3.3 failure, nthe point at which some part of the anchorphysically distorts or begins to detach from its mounting pointon the structure.3.4 proof load, na predetermined test load, greater thanthe servic
7、e load, to which a specimen is subjected beforeacceptance for use. In this standard the proof load is twice themaximum anticipated load on an anchor.4. Performance Requirements4.1 Each anchorage shall be designed to hold a minimum of40 kN in all directions of potential loading.5. Other Requirements5
8、.1 The anchorage shall be manufactured in such a way thata carabiner with a gate opening of 25 mm or greater shall fitaround it and the gate shall be able to close and lock.5.2 The anchorage shall be constructed using rounded stockor with beveled or chamfered edges to minimize damage tohardware, rop
9、e, or webbing that is attached to the anchorage.TEST METHODS6. Scope6.1 This test method provides basic testing procedures forproduct acceptance. It is a nondestructive “proof load” test andtherefore is not a test of ultimate load-carrying capacity of theanchor.7. Significance and Use7.1 This test v
10、erifies that a carabiner can be attached to theanchorage and that the anchorage will hold a minimum oftwice the anticipated load.8. Hazards8.1 The anchorage, attaching carabiners, or rope could failand eject parts. The test load or testing machine could fall. Usea safety screen, protective eyewear,
11、do not increase the testload any greater than necessary, and do not perform this testalone.9. Procedure9.1 Attach the testing device to the anchorage using acarabiner that has a gate opening of 25 mm or greater and astrength of at least 40 kN.9.2 Subject the anchorage to a force of 10.88 kN in thedi
12、rection of anticipated loading, maintain the force for oneminute then remove the force.9.3 Repeat the test specified above, altering the direction ofanchorage loading, until the anchorage has been tested in alldirections of anticipated use.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committe
13、e F32 on Searchand Rescue and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F32.01 on Equipment,Testing, and Maintenance.Current edition approved March 1, 2010. Published April 2010.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.or
14、g. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.9.4 Observe the condition of the anchorage after each test.Anchor
15、ages shall be capable of withstanding the load withoutbreaking, cracking, or permanent deformation visible to theunaided eye.10. Precision and Bias10.1 Insufficient information is currently available to char-acterize the precision and bias of the test method describedhere. As the test method is more
16、 widely used, the precision andbias will be characterized.11. Marking11.1 Anchorages that show no damage shall be marked astested per ASTM XXXXXX and the date.12. Keywords12.1 anchorage; anchors; fire training tower; rappel tower;rope rescue training facilities; training towerAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory
17、 Information)X1. PROOF TEST LOADX1.1 The 10.88 kN proof test load was calculated byassuming a system with a rope travelling through a pulley (witha 0 degree included angle) attached to the anchorage. AType Vload 272 kg as described in Specification F2266 is eitherbeing raised or lowered with the rop
18、e. The pulley creates aforce multiplying situation so that the anchorage is actuallysupporting a 544 kg load. That load was then doubled toaccount for potential maximum dynamic loading of theanchorage.X2. TEST PROCEDUREX2.1 The test load can be applied using a hydraulic rammounted to an appropriate
19、fixture so that the pull is in thedirection of anticipated use during training evolutions. Theproof test could also be performed by attaching a pulley to theanchorage through a load cell, routing a rope through thepulley at a 0 degree included angle, anchoring or terminatingone end of the rope and p
20、ulling or weighting the other until thespecified force is applied.X3. TYPES OF ANCHORAGESX3.1 This standard is applicable to many types of anchor-ing devices. Eye bolts, swivel lifting eyes, cast in place, orwelded loops, etc. When installing anchorages it is important tofollow the manufacturers or
21、design engineers instructionsregarding the direction and angle of pull.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of
22、any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are
23、 invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not rece
24、ived a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) o
25、f this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).F2822 102
