ASTM F2876-2010 Standard Practice for Thermal Rating and Installation of Internal Combustion Engine Packages for use in Hazardous Locations in Marine Applications《船舶设备中危险场所用内燃发动机组合.pdf
《ASTM F2876-2010 Standard Practice for Thermal Rating and Installation of Internal Combustion Engine Packages for use in Hazardous Locations in Marine Applications《船舶设备中危险场所用内燃发动机组合.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM F2876-2010 Standard Practice for Thermal Rating and Installation of Internal Combustion Engine Packages for use in Hazardous Locations in Marine Applications《船舶设备中危险场所用内燃发动机组合.pdf(3页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: F2876 10Standard Practice forThermal Rating and Installation of Internal CombustionEngine Packages for use in Hazardous Locations in MarineApplications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2876; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigin
2、al adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the method of testing, rating andinstallatio
3、n of internal combustion engine packages for use inhazardous areas in marine applications. The thermal rating ofthe engine is determined by the actual readings of engine andexhaust system temperatures within hazardous areas, as de-fined by references in 2.2 and 2.3of this practice, or asdesignated b
4、y the authority having jurisdiction, or both. Thegoal of this practice is to thermally rate engine packages, andprovide additional installation recommendations, in order toreduce the risk of igniting the ignitable mixtures that may bepresent within the hazardous areas of marine vessels.1.2 Only a ma
5、rine engine suitable for the service, designedand constructed in conformance with the requirements of 3.1.2,is considered.1.3 The system of units in this practice shall be SI (metric)form, along with the standard (English) system equivalentplaced in parentheses, for example, 20C (68F).1.4 This stand
6、ard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 AS
7、TM Standards:2F683 Practice for Selection and Application of ThermalInsulation for Piping and Machinery2.2 NFPA Standards:3NFPA 70 The National Electric Code (NEC), 20082.3 IEC Standards:4IEC 60092 Electrical installations in shipsPart 502:Tankers-Special features2.4 CFR:5CFR 46 United States Code o
8、f Federal Regulations, Title46, Shipping2.5 EN Standards:4EN 1834-1 Reciprocating internal combustion engines.Safety requirements for design and construction of en-gines for use in potentially explosive atmospheres.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 hazardous locationarea in which an explosive gasa
9、tmosphere is or may be expected to be present, in quantitiessuch as to require special precautions for the construction,installation and use of electrical apparatus and other potentialheat sources. These areas are defined by the authority havingjurisdiction, or in accordance with NFPA 70 (NEC) Artic
10、les500, 501 and 504; or NECArticles 500 and 505; or IEC 60092-502, or a combination thereof.3.1.2 marine enginea compression-ignition engine de-signed and constructed for operation in the marine environ-ment, regardless of horsepower, to the applicable standards orrules of a recognized classificatio
11、n society in Title 46, Code ofFederal Regulations, Part 8, or a comparable engine design andconstruction standard.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships andMarine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 onGeneral Requirements.Current editio
12、n approved Nov. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. DOI:10.1520/F2876-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM
13、 website.3Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from U.S. Government Printing
14、Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.3 ignitable mixture a mixture of gas, such as naturalgas, o
15、r similar volatile hydrocarbon gas with normal air, thatwill propagate flame or explode when exposed to an ignitionsource.3.1.4 ignition temperature(explosive atmosphere)thelowest temperature at which an ignitable mixture may beignited.3.1.5 maximum surface temperaturethe highest tempera-ture attain
16、ed under the most severe operating conditions by anyequipment part or surface capable of igniting an ignitablemixture.4. Summary of Practice4.1 While there have been great improvements made in thesafety of electrical and electronic equipment utilized in haz-ardous locations, there has been little de
17、velopment concerningreducing the hazards associated with high temperature surfacesof internal combustion engines operating in the same hazard-ous locations. Several factors have significantly increased thetemperature of hot surfaces and exhaust gases of internalcombustion engines. Some of these fact
18、ors are performancerelated, while others have resulted from compliance with newenvironmental standards.4.2 This practice provides guidance for the temperaturerating of marine internal combustion engines based on thesurface temperature exposures within a hazardous location inthe marine environment.5.
19、 General Requirements5.1 The application of this practice will help reduce the riskof fire, or explosions, caused by ignitable gas mixtures comingin contact with the heated surfaces and hot exhaust gasesgenerated by compression ignition (diesel) engines used in, ornear, hazardous locations.5.2 Marin
20、e Engine Design and Construction Requirements:5.2.1 Special consideration should be given to engine ac-cessories such as pumps, fans, and starter motors such that theyare constructed of suitable materials and installed in ways thatwill minimize friction, heat and sparking.5.2.2 High pressure fuel pi
21、ping (greater than 100 bar, or1450 psi) installed between fuel pumps and injectors, shall bedouble jacketed in order to reduce the risk of fuel spray comingin contact with hot surfaces.5.2.3 Marine Engines and engine components shall beproperly bonded and grounded to the hull.5.2.4 The use of materi
22、als known to create, or store, staticelectricity shall be avoided.5.2.5 Fans and fans blades shall be constructed of conduc-tive, non-sparking materials.5.2.6 Drive belts shall be conductive and the pulleys, shaftsand driving equipment shall be grounded.5.2.7 For sealed, purged or pressurized engine
23、 enclosuresspecial considerations should be given to the use of lock outsthat will prevent the engine from starting when protectiveguards, insulated covers, or other attachments necessary tomaintain temperature control, are removed.5.2.8 Sealed, purged or pressurized engine enclosures shallbe design
24、ed to dampen the pressure of an internal explosionand shall be protected against over pressurization.5.2.9 Air ducts and exhaust gas piping to and from non-hazardous locations shall be gas tight within the hazardouslocation. EN 1834-1 should be consulted.5.2.10 Air ducts within the hazardous locatio
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