1、Designation: F2970 15Standard Practice forDesign, Manufacture, Installation, Operation, Maintenance,Inspection and Major Modification of Trampoline Courts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2970; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoptio
2、n or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 The purpose of this practice is to delineate requirementsregarding the desi
3、gn, manufacture, installation, operation,maintenance, inspection and major modification of commercialor institutional trampoline courts with the primary purpose ofamusement, entertainment or recreation.1.2 This standard applies to institutional trampoline courtsthat are located in and around amuseme
4、nt, entertainment orrecreational facilities. Such facilities include but are not limitedto trampoline parks, amusement parks, theme parks, waterparks, family entertainment centers, fitness centers, gyms,gymnastics facilities, sports facilities, skate parks, camps,shopping centers, temporary special
5、events, carnivals andmunicipal parks.1.3 This practice establishes guidelines that will provide alevel of conformity for the purpose of reducing potentialhazards to patrons, court attendants, and spectators.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thehazards associated with institutional
6、 trampoline courts. Thestandards existence alone will not prevent injuries. Like otherphysical activities, institutional trampoline court use involvesthe risk of injury, particularly if the equipment is usedimproperly or if users exceed their capabilities, endurance,training, or experience.1.5 The t
7、ext of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.6 This practice includes an annex (mandatory), whichprovides additional information (for ex
8、ample, rationale,background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and soforth) to improve the users understanding and application ofthe criteria presented in this practice. The annex informationshall be interpreted as mandatory criteria.1.7 This practice includes an appendix (non-mandatory),which
9、provides additional information (for example, rationale,background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and soforth.) to improve the users understanding and application ofthe criteria presented in this practice. The appendix informa-tion shall not be interpreted as mandatory criteria.1.8 This sta
10、ndard includes the following sections:SectionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Significance and Use 4Quality, Manufacture, Construction and Installation 5General Design 6Design 7Major Modification 8Information Plate 9Information Requirements 10Certifications 11Performance Criteria 12Classifi
11、cation of Injuries and Illnesses 13Notification Requirements 14Manufacturer Responsibilities 15Owner/Operator Responsibilities 16Patron Education 17Patron Responsibility 18Children Zones 19Keywords 20Appendix Appendix X11.9 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard. Th
12、e values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard
13、to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D737 Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F24 on AmusementR
14、ides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.60 onSpecial Rides/Attractions.Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2015. Published April 2015. Originallyapproved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F2970 13. DOI:10.1520/F2970-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visi
15、t the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-295
16、9. United States1D3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab,Bonded, and Molded Urethane FoamsD3786 Test Method for Bursting Strength of TextileFabricsDiaphragm Bursting Strength Tester MethodD3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of TextilesConstant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Tes
17、tD4533 Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geo-textilesD4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongationof GeotextilesD4833 Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance ofGeomembranes and Related ProductsD5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Grab Test
18、)D5672 Test Method for Testing Flexible Cellular MaterialsMeasurement of Indentation Force Deflection Using a25-mm (1-in.) Deflection TechniqueD6413 Test Method for Flame Resistance of Textiles (Ver-tical Test)E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE648 Test Method f
19、or Critical Radiant Flux of Floor-Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energy SourceF355 Test Method for ImpactAttenuation of Playing SurfaceSystems and MaterialsF747 Terminology Relating to Amusement Rides and De-vicesF770 Practice for Ownership, Operation, Maintenance, andInspection of Amusement
20、Rides and DevicesF1193 Practice for Quality, Manufacture, and Constructionof Amusement Rides and DevicesF2291 Practice for Design ofAmusement Rides and DevicesF2374 Practice for Design, Manufacture, Operation, andMaintenance of Inflatable Amusement DevicesF2375 Practice for Design, Manufacture, Inst
21、allation andTesting of Climbing Nets and Netting/Mesh used inAmusement Rides, Devices, Play Areas and AttractionsF2650 Terminology Relating to Impact Testing of SportsSurfaces and Equipment2.2 AISC Manuals:3AISC 316 Manual on Steel Construction, Allowable StressDesign (ASD)AISC M015 Manual on Steel
22、Construction, Load free fromunprotected protruding studs, bolts, screws, sharp edges andcorners, and rough or splintered surfaces; and considered forimpact attenuation material as appropriate.6.5 Security of Patron Containment System:6.5.1 Any system or systems used to support and contain thepatron(
23、s) shall be securely fixed to the structure of thetrampoline court or immediately adjacent structure and shallhave adequate strength for the intended forces produced by thetrampoline court and the reasonably foreseeable actions of thepatron(s).6.5.1.1 When an immediately adjacent wall is used forpat
24、ron containment, the distance between TC frame and thewall shall not exceed 3 in. (7.62 cm).6.6 Loads and Strengths:6.6.1 The designer/engineer shall perform and document arisk analysis.6.6.2 Trampoline courts shall be designed so that loadconditions expected during operation shall not cause failure
25、sduring the operational hours assumed in the analysis.6.6.2.1 An exception to 6.6.2 may be made in the case ofcomponents and portions of structures that are intended toprovide secondary load paths during a failure condition.Components such as safety cables or links and certain limitedportions of the
26、 primary structure that they are attached to, maybe designed to yield (and thus absorb a significant amount ofenergy) when subjected to load conditions expected to occurduring a plausible, although unlikely primary structure failurescenario. In such cases, the expected failure mode loading shallnot
27、cause rupture to occur (that is, the stresses shall not exceedthe ultimate strength). Designs that rely on such criteria shallutilize materials that possess high elongation for componentswhere stresses may be expected to exceed the yield strengthunder failure mode loading conditions.6.7 Patron Weigh
28、t:6.7.1 The weight assigned to an adult or child patron, fordesign purposes, shall be 170 lb (77.11 kg).6.7.2 The designer/engineer may assign higher weight val-ues for design purposes in accordance with the requirements ofthis standard practice.6.7.3 As a nonfatigue, dynamic case, trampoline courts
29、 shallbe designed for occasional full or partial loads of large adultparticipants weighing 300 pounds (136.08 kg) per participantor an appropriate lesser amount if recommended by thetrampoline court manufacturer. This means that if an adultpatron weighing 300 pounds (136.08 kg) is restricted frompar
30、ticipation by signage or other means recommended by themanufacturer, then the trampoline court does not have to bedesigned to accommodate for occasional full or partial loads oflarge adult patrons weighing 300 pounds (136.08 kg). In thiscase, the trampoline court shall be designed to accommodateocca
31、sional full or partial loads of the heaviest adult patrons thatthe trampoline court is designed to accommodate.6.8 Variable loads (that is, live load) for a trampoline courtinclude all loads that fluctuate with respect to time. Variableloads are divided into four subsets: operational loads, nonop-er
32、ational loads, environmental loads, operation in wind andnon-operational in wind.6.8.1 Operational (Dynamic) Loads:6.8.1.1 Operational loads include varying loads normallyencountered during operation of the trampoline court.6.8.2 Nonoperational Loads:6.8.2.1 All loads associated with transportation
33、or handlingor both (that is, setting up, tearing down) and ongoingmaintenance of portable and permanent trampoline courts shallbe considered in the analysis.6.8.3 Environmental Loads:6.8.3.1 Portable trampoline courts shall be designed to resistall designer/engineer defined environmental loads.6.8.3
34、.2 Fixed or permanent trampoline courts shall be de-signed to resist all applicable environmental loads for theintended location in accordance with the environmental loadsin the applicable building codes for the intended location.6.8.3.3 The designer/engineer shall clearly indicate the en-vironmenta
35、l loads the trampoline court was designed for, in theoperating and maintenance instructions. Refer to PracticeF1193-06. In addition to the environmental load information,any restrictions, limitations, or special procedures associatedwith trampoline courts exposed to these environmental loadsshall be
36、 included.6.8.4 Operation in Wind:6.8.4.1 As a minimum, trampoline courts exposed to windshall be designed to operate in winds up to 34 mph (15 m/s).6.8.4.2 The designer/engineer or manufacturer shall includeany restrictions, limitations, or special procedures for theoperation of a trampoline court
37、exposed to wind, in theF2970 154operating and maintenance instructions. See section on Manu-facturers Responsibility of Practice F1193-06.6.8.5 Nonoperational in Wind:6.8.5.1 The designer/engineer or manufacturer shall includeany restrictions, limitations, or special procedures for nonop-erating or
38、out-of-service trampoline courts, and their associatedcomponents exposed to wind, in the operating and maintenanceinstructions. See section on Manufacturers Responsibility ofPractice F1193-06.6.9 Design:6.9.1 A structural analysis shall be performed for eachtrampoline court to verify that there is a
39、dequate structuralcapability in the design.6.9.2 The type of calculation or analysis selected shall be awidely recognized and generally accepted engineering prac-tice.6.9.3 The structural analyses performed shall consider andincorporate all significant loads and identify all significantstresses and
40、strains that are anticipated to be experienced by thetrampoline court.6.9.4 The required strength of the structure and its elementsshall be demonstrated both statically and dynamically using aminimum of five times the weight of an adult patron per 6.7.1.6.9.5 Structures shall be analyzed to verify t
41、hat significantplastic deformation or collapse or both does not occur underany anticipated loading condition, consistent with the analysisexpected to occur a limited number of times throughout theoperational hours used in the design. Examples include envi-ronmental loads, patrons attempting to apply
42、 excessive (that is,abusive) loads, and extremely heavy patron weights.6.9.6 A deflection analysis shall be performed if deforma-tions in structural members or structural systems due toexpected loading conditions could impair the serviceability ofthe structure.6.9.7 The structural analysis for the t
43、rampoline court shallconsider “strength” and “fatigue” criteria in the evaluation ofstresses resulting from the application of loads. The number oftimes that a specific load or combination of loads is expectedto occur throughout the designated number of operationalhours for the trampoline court shal
44、l determine whether theresulting stress levels will be compared to strength or strengthand fatigue material allowables. The method of analysis andload factors applied to specific loads shall be selected andbased upon the number of times loads are expected to occurduring the specified number of opera
45、tional hours (that is,strength versus fatigue evaluation).6.9.8 The yield and ultimate strengths and fatigue propertiesof the materials utilized for all components that could affectsafety upon failure of the component shall be evaluated.Empirical testing, or empirical testing in combination withanal
46、ysis, may be used as a means of evaluating the strength andfatigue properties of the materials for these components. Ifempirical testing is used for evaluation, the designer/engineershall clearly specify and describe the testing procedure andrefer to the section on Testing of Practice F1193-06.7. De
47、sign7.1 Device Use Zone (See Fig. 1):7.1.1 Device use zone shall comprise the area from theground surface underneath the TC beds to 204 in. (518.16 cm)above the ground surface. (See Fig. 1.)7.1.2 The device use zone should be free from overheadobstructions including trusses, fire suppression systems
48、,lighting, and duct work.7.2 Containment (See Fig. 1):7.2.1 The perimeter of a trampoline court or TC foam pitshall include a patron containment system.7.2.2 Containment shall not be required within the assemblyarea(s), and within dismount zones protected by impact attenu-ation materials in accordan
49、ce with this standard practice.FIG. 1 Device Use ZoneF2970 1557.2.3 The perimeter containment system shall be a mini-mum of 156 in. (396.24 cm) vertical height from the horizontaltrampoline frame.7.2.4 Angled TC trampoline frames with a slope of 45degrees or more from the horizontal trampoline base frameshall be considered as a containment wall and included in the156 inch (396.24 cm) vertical height calculation.7.2.5 The minimum height of a containment wall above anangled TC trampoline frame with a slope of 45 degrees or morefrom the horizontal trampoline base frame shall
