1、Designation: F3023 18Standard Test Methods forEvaluating Design and Performance Characteristics ofStationary Upright and Recumbent Exercise Bicycles andUpper and Total Body Ergometers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3023; the number immediately following the designation indicate
2、s the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe goal of these test methods is to provide r
3、eliable and repeatable methods for the evaluation ofstationary upright and recumbent exercise bicycles and ergometers.The equipment user must recognize, however, that a standard alone will not necessarily preventinjuries. Like other physical activities, exercise involving stationary this equipment i
4、nvolves the riskof injury, particularly if the equipment is used improperly or is not properly maintained. In addition,users with physical limitations should seek medical advice and instruction from the fitness facilityprior to using this equipment. Certain physical conditions or limitations may pre
5、clude some personsfrom using this equipment as intended by the manufacturer, and using this equipment may increase therisk of injury.1. Scope1.1 These test methods specify procedures and equipmentused for testing and evaluating stationary exercise upright andrecumbent bicycles and ergometers for com
6、pliance to Specifi-cation F1250. Both design and operational parameters will beevaluated. Where possible and applicable, accepted test meth-ods from other recognized bodies will be used and referenced.In the case of a conflict between this document and Specifica-tion F1250, Specification F1250 takes
7、 precedence.1.2 RequirementsStationary exercise bicycles and ergom-eters are to be tested for the parameters specified in Specifi-cation F2276 and Test Methods F2571 and the followingparameters unique to this equipment:1.2.1 Seat post construction and loading,1.2.2 Handlebar construction and loading
8、,1.2.3 Pedal construction and loading,1.2.4 Crank arm and enclosure entrapment,1.2.5 Seat back support loading,1.2.6 Stability,1.2.7 Direct Drive Exercise Bicycle Pedal Endurance,1.2.8 Warnings, and1.2.9 Documentation.1.3 This test method2contains additional requirements toaddress the accessibility
9、of the equipment for persons withdisabilities.1.4 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purpo
10、rt to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard
11、 was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Refer
12、enced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:31These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 onSports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and are the direct responsibilityof Subcommittee F08.30 on Fitness Products.Current edition approved June 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Origi
13、nallyapproved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F3023 13. DOI:10.1520/F3023-18.2This work was funded, in part, by the Rehabilitation Engineering ResearchCenter on RecTech through the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living,and Rehabilitation Research grant #90RE5009-01-
14、00.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Bo
15、x C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by t
16、he World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1F1250 Specification for Stationary Upright and RecumbentExercise Bicycles and Upper and Total Body ErgometersF1749 Specification for Fitness Equipment and Fitness Fa-cility Safety Signage and LabelsF2276 Specification for Fitne
17、ss EquipmentF2277 Test Methods for Evaluating Design and PerformanceCharacteristics of Selectorized Strength EquipmentF2571 Test Methods for Evaluating Design and PerformanceCharacteristics of Fitness EquipmentF3021 Specification for Universal Design of Fitness Equip-ment for Inclusive Use by Person
18、s with Functional Limi-tations and ImpairmentsF3022 Test Method for Evaluating the Universal Design ofFitness Equipment for Inclusive Use by Persons withFunctional Limitations and Impairments3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions applicable to this standard,see Specifications F1250 and F3021.4
19、. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of these test methods is to provide reliableand repeatable test methods for the evaluation of stationaryexercise bicycles and ergometers assembled and maintainedaccording to the manufacturers specifications. Use of thesetest methods in conjunction with Specifica
20、tions F1250 andF3021 is intended to ensure appropriate performance andreliability of said equipment and reduce the risk of seriousinjury from design deficiencies.5. Sample Preparations5.1 Assemble and adjust the machine on a horizontalsurface according to the manufacturers instructions. For ma-chine
21、s that are fully assembled, verify according to themanufacturers instructions that all components are functioningand that they have been adjusted and aligned properly. Unlessotherwise stated, the machine must pass the following testswithout adjustment from this initial condition.Apply power to,if re
22、quired, or use the machine and verify that the unitfunctions properly.5.2 The individual test methods will describe any variationsor modifications to the test sample that are required.5.3 Unless noted, the machine shall function as intended bythe manufacturer after the completion of each test.6. Tes
23、t Methods and Procedures6.1 In addition to the tests specified in Test Methods F2571,stationary exercise bicycles and ergometers shall be evaluatedwith the following test methods and procedures. These testmethods align with the design and construction requirementsspecified in Specification F1250 (Se
24、ction 5).6.2 Seat PostThe purpose of this test is to evaluate theconstruction and retention of the seat post.6.2.1 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in Section 5.6.2.2 CalibrationVerify that the measurement device isproperly calibrated and has a resolution of 1 mm (0.04 in.)
25、.6.2.3 ProcedureThe following steps should be followed totest the specifications for the seat post.6.2.3.1 Insertion DepthIf the seat post is adjustable andremovable, remove the seat post from the machine. Measurethe largest cross-sectional dimension of the seat post. Multiplythis number by 1.5. Ins
26、pect the seat post and verify that thereis a mark on the seat post indicating the minimum insertiondepth at the dimension calculated above. Verify that the markdefined above is even with the top of or below the top of theseat adjustment sleeve tube when the seat is adjusted into itsuppermost positio
27、n. If the minimum insertion depth is providedby design, verify that the design is such that the seat postcannot be removed from the machine without the use of toolsor that the seat post cannot be removed without the retentionmeans seating and attaining the minimum insertion depth.6.2.3.2 Verify that
28、 the seat post is adjustable and that theseat post is retained in any of its adjustment positions by aclamp, pin, or similar means.6.2.3.3 Verify that there is a seat support plate or structurepresent between the underside of the seat and the top end of theseat post.6.2.3.4 Refer to Test Methods F25
29、71 Subsection 7.11.1 andfollow the procedure for intrinsic load testing of the seat.6.2.4 Pass/Fail CriteriaThe seat post shall conform todimensional and component requirements of Subsection 5.1 ofSpecification F1250, as well as the loading requirements ofSpecifications F1250 and F2276. If the above
30、 criteria are notmet the sample shall fail the test.6.2.5 Precision and BiasNo information is presentedabout either the precision or bias of this test since the test resultis non-quantitative.6.2.5.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method has notbeen determined.6.2.5.2 BiasThe bias of this test
31、method includes quanti-tative estimates of the uncertainties of the measuring devices,the calibrations of testing equipment, and the skill of theoperators.At this time, the statements on bias should be limitedto documented performance of particular laboratories.6.3 Seat Deflection or TiltThe purpose
32、 of this test is toevaluate the tilt requirements of the seat assembly.6.3.1 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in Section 5 with the seat adjusted into its uppermostadjustment position. Possible methods of providing the forcefor this test include, but are not limited to, pne
33、umatic cylin-der(s) or dead weights. If necessary, the machine may berestrained from movement provided the restraint does not aidthe structure or otherwise interfere in the test. Clamp a loadreceiving plate 50 by 50 mm (1.97 by 1.97 in.) flush with thefront (and then the rear) of the seat in such a
34、way that a verticalload can be applied to the seat in an upward vertical directionand then a downward vertical direction. Zero and measure theangle of the loading plate as referenced to the floor.6.3.2 CalibrationVerify the load application system iscalibrated and is accurate to within 62 % of appli
35、ed load.Verify that the measurement device is properly calibrated andhas a resolution of12 or less.6.3.3 ProcedureApply an upward vertical load to theloading plate. Maintain the load for 5 min then remove.F3023 182Re-measure the angle of the loading plate with respect to thefloor. Repeat the test wi
36、th a downward load applied to theloading plate. Repeat both tests but apply the vertical loadingin both the upward and downward directions to the rear of theseat.6.3.4 Pass/Fail CriteriaThe seat deflection or tilt evalua-tion shall conform to the tilt requirements of Subsection 5.2 ofSpecification F
37、1250. If the seat tilt exceeds the criteria for anyof the above tests, the sample shall fail the test.6.3.5 Precision and Bias:6.3.5.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method has notbeen determined.6.3.5.2 BiasThe bias of this test method includes quanti-tative estimates of the uncertainties of t
38、he measuring devices,the calibrations of testing equipment, and the skill of theoperators.At this time, the statements on bias should be limitedto documented performance of particular laboratories.6.4 Seat Back SupportThe purpose of this test is toevaluate the static structural integrity of the seat
39、 back supports.6.4.1 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in Section 5. Supply a means of providing a steadystate load to the back support. Possible methods of providingthe load for this test include, but are not limited to, pneumaticcylinder(s) or dead weights. Load is to be a
40、pplied on a 300 by300 mm (11.8 by 11.8 in.) square area with its center located500 mm (19.7 in.) above the seating surface or 50 mm (1.98in.) below the upper edge of the seat back if the seat is less than560 mm (22 in.) tall. Determine and record the verticaldimension, h, to the point of application
41、 of the load.6.4.2 CalibrationVerify the load application system iscalibrated and is accurate to within 62 % of the applied load.6.4.3 ProcedureThe test load requirements are specifiedin Subsection 5.3 of Specification F1250. With the backsupport set up as described above, apply the load horizontall
42、yto the center point of the plate and maintain it for 5 min (seeFig. 1).6.4.4 Pass/Fail CriteriaThe seat back shall conform tothe load requirements of Subsection 5.3 of SpecificationF1250. The seat back support and supporting structures shallnot break and shall function as intended by the manufactur
43、er.6.4.5 Precision and Bias:6.4.5.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method has notbeen determined.6.4.5.2 BiasThe bias of this test method includes quanti-tative estimates of the uncertainties of the measuring devices,the calibrations of testing equipment, and the skill of theoperators.At this t
44、ime, the statements on bias should be limitedto documented performance of particular laboratories.6.5 Handlebar Stem InsertionThe purpose of this test is toverify the existence of a mark on the handlebar post indicatingthe minimum insertion depth.6.5.1 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up
45、asdescribed in Section 5.6.5.2 CalibrationVerify that the measurement device isproperly calibrated and has a resolution of 1 mm (0.04 in.).6.5.3 ProcedureIf the handlebar stem is adjustable andremovable, remove the handlebar stem from the machine.Measure the largest cross-sectional dimension of the
46、handlebarstem. Multiply this number by 1.5. Inspect the handlebar stemand verify the presence of a mark on the handlebar stemindicating the minimum insertion depth. Verify that this markis at least at the dimension calculated above, from the end ofthe handlebar stem. Verify that the mark defined abo
47、ve is evenwith or below the top of the handlebar adjustment sleeve tubewhen the handlebar assembly is adjusted into its uppermostposition. If the minimum insertion depth is provided by design,verify that the design is such that the handlebar stem cannot beremoved from the machine without the use of
48、tools.6.5.4 Pass/Fail CriteriaThe dimensions that pertain to thehandlebar stem insertion shall conform to dimensional require-ments of Subsection 5.4 of Specification F1250. If the abovecriteria are not met the sample shall fail the test.6.5.5 Precision and Bias:6.5.5.1 PrecisionThe precision of thi
49、s test method has notbeen determined.6.5.5.2 BiasThe bias of this test method includes quanti-tative estimates of the uncertainties of the measuring devices,the calibrations of testing equipment, and the skill of theoperators.At this time, the statements on bias should be limitedto documented performance of particular laboratories.6.6 Handlebar Static LoadingThe purpose of this test is toevaluate the static structural integrity of the handlebars as setforth in Subsection 5.5 of Specification F1250 and in Specifi-cation F2276.6.6.1 Apparatus an
