1、Designation: F3055 14Standard Specification forAdditive Manufacturing Nickel Alloy (UNS N07718) withPowder Bed Fusion1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3055; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured UNSN07718 components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as
3、electron beam melting and laser melting. The componentsproduced by these processes are used typically in applicationsthat require mechanical properties similar to machined forgingsand wrought products. Components manufactured to thisspecification are often, but not necessarily, post processed viamac
4、hining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM),polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish andcritical dimensions.1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasersor producers, or both, of additively manufactured UNS N07718components for defining the requirements and
5、 ensuring com-ponent properties.1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis forobtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptancerequirements established and revised by consensus of themembers of the committee.1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may bemet by the ad
6、dition to the purchase order of one or moresupplementary requirements, which may include, but are notlimited to, those listed in Supplementary RequirementsS1S16.1.5 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas the standard. No other units of measurement are included inthis standard.1.6 Th
7、is standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documen
8、ts2.1 ASTM Standards:2B213 Test Methods for Flow Rate of Metal Powders Usingthe Hall Flowmeter FunnelB214 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Metal PowdersB243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB311 Test Method for Density of Powder Metallurgy (PM)Materials Containing Less Than Two Percent PorosityB769
9、Test Method for Shear Testing of Aluminum AlloysB880 Specification for General Requirements for ChemicalCheck Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys andCobalt AlloysB964 Test Methods for Flow Rate of Metal Powders Usingthe Carney FunnelD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE3 Guide for Preparati
10、on of Metallographic SpecimensE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-terialsE9 Test Methods of Compression Testing of Metallic Mate-rials at Room TemperatureE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesE18 T
11、est Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests ofMetallic MaterialsE23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Me-tallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications
12、E238 Test Method for Pin-Type Bearing Test of MetallicMaterialsE354 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-Temperature, Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron,Nickel, and Cobalt AlloysE384 Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness ofMaterials1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofA
13、STM Committee F42 on AdditiveManufacturing Technologies and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF42.05 on Materials and Processes.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2014. Published March 2014. DOI: 10.1520/F3055-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact
14、 ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1E399 Test Method for Linea
15、r-Elastic Plane-Strain FractureToughness KIcof Metallic MaterialsE407 Practice for Microetching Metals and AlloysE466 Practice for Conducting Force Controlled ConstantAmplitude Axial Fatigue Tests of Metallic MaterialsE606 Test Method for Strain-Controlled Fatigue TestingE647 Test Method for Measure
16、ment of Fatigue CrackGrowth RatesE1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and CobaltAlloys by Various Combustion and Fusion TechniquesE1417 Practice for Liquid Penetrant TestingE1450 Test Method for Tension Testing of Structural Alloysin Liq
17、uid HeliumE1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel,Cobalt, and High-Temperature AlloysE1820 Test Method for Measurement of Fracture ToughnessE1941 Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refrac-tory and Reactive Metals and TheirAlloys by CombustionAnalysisE2368 Practice for Strain Contr
18、olled ThermomechanicalFatigue TestingF629 Practice for Radiography of Cast Metallic SurgicalImplantsF2792 Terminology for Additive ManufacturingTechnologies,F2924 Specification for Additive Manufacturing Titanium-6Aluminum-4 Vanadium with Powder Bed Fusion2.2 ISO/ASTM Standards:252915 Specification
19、for Additive Manufacturing File Format(AMF) Version 1.152921 Terminology for Additive ManufacturingCoordinate Systems and Test Methodologies2.3 ASQ Standard:3ASQ C1 Specification of General Requirements for a Qual-ity Program2.4 ISO Standards:4ISO 148-1 Metallic materialsCharpy pendulum impacttestPa
20、rt 1: Test methodISO 1099 Metallic materialsFatigue testingAxial force-controlled methodISO 4545 Metallic materialsKnoop hardness testPart 2:Verification and calibration of testing machinesISO 6506-1 Metallic materialsBrinell hardness testPart1: Test methodISO 6507-1 Metallic materialsVickers hardne
21、ss testPart1: Test methodISO 6508 Metallic materialsRockwell hardness testPart1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T)ISO 6892-1 Metallic materialsTensile testing at ambienttemperatureISO 6892-2 Metallic materialsTensile testingPart 2:Method of test at elevated temperatureISO 9001 Qua
22、lity management systemRequirementsISO 9044 Industrial woven wire clothTechnical require-ments and testingISO 12108 Metallic materialsFatigue testingFatiguecrack growth methodISO 12111 Metallic materialsFatigue testingStrain-controlled thermomechanical fatigue testing methodISO 12135 Metallic materia
23、lsUnified method of test forthe determination of quasistatic fracture toughnessISO 12737 Metallic materialsDetermination of plane-strain fracture toughness (withdrawn)ISO 13485 Medical devicesQuality managementsystemsRequirements for regulatory purposesISO 19819 Metallic materialsTensile testing in
24、liquidhelium2.5 SAE Standards:5AMS 2774 Heat Treatment Wrought Nickel Alloy and Co-balt Alloy PartsAMS 2269 Chemical Check Analysis Limits Nickel, NickelAlloys, and Cobalt AlloysAMS 5596 Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat Resistant,Sheet, Strip, Foil, and Plate 52.5Ni 19Cr 3.0Mo 5.1Cb0.90Ti 0.50Al 18F
25、eAS 9100 Quality SystemsAerospaceModel for QualityAssurance in Design, Development, Production, Installa-tion and Servicing2.6 ASME Standard:6ASME B46.1 Surface Texture2.7 NIST Standard:7IR 7847 (March 2012) CODEN:NTNOEF3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terminology relating to powder bed fusion in
26、 Speci-fication F2924 shall apply.3.1.2 Terminology relating to additive manufacturing inTerminology F2792 shall apply.3.1.3 Terminology relating to coordinate systems in ISO/ASTM 52921 shall apply.3.1.4 Terminology relating to powder metallurgy in Termi-nology B243 shall apply.4. Classification4.1
27、Unless otherwise specified herein, all classificationsshall meet the requirements in each section of this standard.4.1.1 Class A components shall be stress relieved perSection 12.4.1.2 Class B components shall be stress relieved perSection 12 and hot isostatically pressed per Section 13.4.1.3 Class
28、C components shall be stress relieved perSection 12, hot isostatically pressed per Section 13, andsolution treated per Section 12.3Available from American Society for Quality (ASQ), 600 N. Plankinton Ave.,Milwaukee, WI 53203, http:/www.asq.org.4Available from American National Standards Institute (A
29、NSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.6Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York,
30、NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.7Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http:/www.nist.gov.F3055 1424.1.4 Class D components shall be stress relieved perSection 12, hot isostatically pressed per Section 13, solut
31、iontreated and aged per Section 12.4.1.5 Class E components shall be stress relieved andsolution treated per Section 12.4.1.6 Class F components shall be stress relieved, solutiontreated and aged per Section 12.4.1.7 For Class G components, all thermal post processingshall be optional.5. Ordering In
32、formation5.1 Orders for components compliant with this specificationshall include the following to describe the requirements ad-equately:5.1.1 This specification designation,5.1.2 Description or part number of product desired,5.1.3 Quantity of product desired,5.1.4 Classification,5.1.5 SI or SAE uni
33、ts,5.1.5.1 DiscussionThe STL file format used by manypowder bed fusion machines does not contain units of mea-surement as metadata. When only STLfiles are provided by thepurchaser, ordering information should specify the units of thecomponent along with the electronic data file. More informa-tion ab
34、out data files can be found in ISO/ASTM 52915.5.1.6 Dimensions and tolerances (Section 14),5.1.7 Mechanical properties (Section 11),5.1.8 Methods for chemical analysis (Section 9),5.1.9 Sampling methods (Section S14),5.1.10 Post-processing sequence of operations,5.1.11 Thermal processing,5.1.12 Allo
35、wable porosity (Section S8),5.1.13 Component marking such as labeling the serial or lotnumber in the CAD file prior to the build cycle, or producttagging,5.1.14 Packaging,5.1.15 Certification,5.1.16 Disposition of rejected material (Section 15), and5.1.17 Other supplementary requirements.6. Manufact
36、uring Plan6.1 Class A, B, C, D, E, and F components manufactured tothis specification shall have a manufacturing plan that includes,but is not limited to, the following:6.1.1 A machine, manufacturing control system, and quali-fication procedure as agreed between component supplier andpurchaser;NOTE
37、1Qualification procedures typically require qualification buildcycles in which mechanical property test specimens are prepared andmeasured in accordance with Section 11 or other applicable standards.Location, orientation on the build platform, number of test specimens foreach machine qualification b
38、uild cycle, and relationship between speci-men test results and component quality shall be agreed upon betweencomponent supplier and purchaser.6.1.2 Feedstock that meets the requirements of Section 7;6.1.3 The machine identification, including machine soft-ware version, manufacturing control system
39、version (ifautomated), build chamber environment, machineconditioning, and calibration information of the qualifiedmachine;6.1.4 Predetermined process as substantiated by the quali-fication procedure;6.1.5 Safeguards to ensure traceability of the digital files,including design history of the compone
40、nts;6.1.6 All the steps necessary to start the build process,including build platform selection, machine cleaning, andpowder handling;6.1.7 The requirements for approving machine operators;6.1.8 Logging of machine build data files, upper and lowerlimits of the parameters affecting component quality
41、and otherprocess validation controls;6.1.9 The number of components per build cycle, theirorientation and location on the build platform, and supportstructures, if required;6.1.10 Process steps including, but not limited to, Section 8;6.1.11 Post-processing procedure, including sequence of thepost-p
42、rocessing steps and the specifications for each step;6.1.12 Thermal processing including stress relieve, furnaceanneal, hot isostatic pressing, heat treat, and aging; and6.1.13 Inspection requirements as agreed between the pur-chaser and component supplier, including any supplementaryrequirements.7.
43、 Feedstock7.1 The feedstock for this specification shall be metalpowder, as defined in Terminology B243, that has the powdertype, size distribution, shape, tap density, and flow rateacceptable for the process as determined by the componentsupplier.7.2 The metal powder shall be free from detrimentala
44、mounts of inclusions and impurities and its chemical compo-sition shall be adequate to yield, after processing, the finalmaterial chemistry listed in Table 1.7.3 Powder blends are allowed unless otherwise specifiedbetween the component supplier and component purchaser, aslong as all powder used to c
45、reate the powder blend meets therequirements in Table 1 and lot numbers are documented andmaintained.TABLE 1 Composition (wt %)Element min maxCarbon 0.08Manganese 0.35Silicon 0.35Phosphorus 0.015Sulfur 0.015Chromium 17.0 21.0Cobalt 1.0Molybdenum 2.80 3.30Columbium (Nb) + tantalum 4.75 5.50Titanium 0
46、.65 1.15Aluminum 0.20 0.8Iron remainderCopper 0.1Nickel 50.00 55.00Boron 0.006F3055 1437.4 Used powder is allowed. The proportion of virginpowder to used powder shall be recorded and reported for eachproduction run. The maximum number of times used powdercan be used as well as the number of times an
47、y portion of apowder lot can be processed in the build chamber should beagreed upon between component supplier and purchaser forClasses A, through F. There are no limits on the number ofbuild cycles for used powder for Class G components. After abuild cycle, any remaining used powder may be blended
48、withvirgin powder to maintain a powder quantity large enough fornext build cycle. The chemical composition of used powdersshall be analyzed regularly, as agreed upon between compo-nent supplier and purchaser. Powder not conforming to Table 1or 7.7 shall not be further processed in the machine tomanu
49、facture Class A through F components.7.4.1 All used powder shall be sieved with a sieve having amesh size appropriate for removing any agglomerates orcontaminants from the build cycle.7.5 All powder sieves used to manufacture Class A throughF components shall have a certificate of conformance that theywere manufactured to ISO 9044 or all powder sieving shall bein conformance with Specification E11.7.6 Sieve analysis of used powder or powder lots duringincoming inspection or in-process inspection shall be made inaccordance with Te
