1、Designation: F3059 15F3059 18 An American National StandardStandard Specification forFiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Gratings Used in MarineConstruction and Shipbuilding1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3059; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofor
2、iginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification provides the testing and performance requi
3、rements for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) gratings used inmarine construction and shipbuilding as an equivalency to the specification of steel gratings rated for a maximum load of 94 lbf/ft2(4.5 kN/m2).1.2 The purpose of this specification is to ensure that all FRP gratings are designed and tested
4、appropriately to ensure personnelsafety. It does not address the ability of the gratings to support either moving or stationary equipment during or after a fire exposure.1.3 This specification addresses fire conditions based on Test Methods E119 fire exposure and does not address hydrocarbonpool or
5、jet fire exposures.1.4 This specification is intended for use by all persons designing, manufacturing, testing, inspecting, and maintaining FRPgratings.1.5 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI
6、 units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This specification does not constitute regulations or ship classification rules, which shall be consulted where applicable.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated wi
7、th its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized prin
8、ciples on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt
9、Spray (Fog) ApparatusD2047 Test Method for Static Coefficient of Friction of Polish-Coated Flooring Surfaces as Measured by the James MachineD4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber AbraserD4329 Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus Exposure of Pl
10、asticsE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building MaterialsE119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and MaterialsE695 Test Method of Measuring Relative Resistance of Wall, Floor, and Roof Construction to Impact Loading2.2 Other Standards:46 CFR 159 ShippingApprov
11、al of Equipment and Materials3NVIC 02-06 Follow-Up Programs for Fire-Safety Type-Approved Products41 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.03 onOutfitting and Deck Machinery.Current editi
12、on approved Nov. 15, 2015July 1, 2018. Published December 2015July 2018. Originally approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 20142015 asF3059 14.15. DOI: 10.1520/F3059-15.10.1520/F3059-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service
13、at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.4 Avail
14、able from United States Coast Guard (USCG), U.S. Coast Guard Headquarters, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr. Ave. SE Stop 7509, Washington, DC, 20593-7509,http:/www.uscg.mil/hq/cg5/cg5214/docs/NVIC02-06.pdf.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard
15、an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is
16、to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1NVIC 9-97 Change 1Guide to Structural Fire Protection53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 compression molding, vmanufacturing process involving mat
17、ch die molds that compress the fiber reinforced matrix,generally under pressure and heat, to produce the finished product.3.1.2 fiber-reinforced polymer, FRP, ncomposite material made of a resin matrix reinforced with fibers.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe fibers are usually made of glass or carbon fiber, whi
18、le the polymer is usually an epoxy, vinyl ester, or polyester thermosettingplastic. The term “polymer” is sometimes replaced by “plastic.”3.1.3 fire integrity, nability of a structure to retain functionality after a fire.3.1.3.1 DiscussionFire integrity levels for FRP gratings are described as (from
19、 lowest to highest) Level 3, Level 2, and Level 1. Level 0 gratings arenot qualified for fire integrity.3.1.4 glass-reinforced polymer, GRP, nfiber-reinforced polymer made of a resin matrix reinforced by glass fibers.3.1.5 molded grating, nFRP grating produced by the open mold process in which dry g
20、lass fiber and thermoset resin is placedin the mold in both directions.3.1.5.1 DiscussionAfter filling the mold with the designated amount of material, the resin is allowed to cure in the open mold. Square mesh moldedgrating has nearly equal strength and stiffness in longitudinal and transverse dire
21、ctions. Molded grating is usually manufacturedin square mesh or rectangular mesh configurations. See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.3.1.6 open molding, vmanual process involving the combination of liquid resin and fiber reinforcements in an open mold toproduce a finished part resembling the inverse of the mold.3
22、.1.6.1 Discussion5 Available from United States Coast Guard (USCG), U.S. Coast Guard Headquarters, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr. Ave. SE Stop 7509, Washington, DC, 20593-7509,http:/www.uscg.mil/hq/cg5/nvic/pdf/1997/n9-97ch1.pdf.FIG. 1 Square Mesh Molded GratingF3059 182Liquid resin and continuous fibe
23、rs are systematically laid in a moldlayer upon layer manually to a desired thickness and paneldimension.3.1.7 pultruded grating, ngrating produced from an assembly of pultruded structural shapes assembled into a grid pattern.3.1.7.1 DiscussionPultruded FRP grating products are assembled from bearing
24、 bars and cross rods manufactured from the pultrusion process asshown in Fig. 3. Pultruded grating has more strength and stiffness in the direction of the bearing bars.3.1.8 pultrusion, nmanufacturing process to form continuous lengths of reinforced polymer structural shapes.3.1.9 qualified span, nF
25、RP grating span used during preload and post load fire tests minimum 44 in. (112 cm).3.1.10 surface flame spread, npropagation of a flame away from the source of ignition across the surface of the specimen.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 shall, vin this specification, indica
26、tes a mandatory requirement.FIG. 2 Rectangular Mesh Molded GratingFIG. 3 Pultruded GratingF3059 1833.2.2 should, nin this specification, indicates a recommended requirement.3.3 Abbreviations:3.3.1 AFFFAqueous film-forming foam3.3.2 AHJAuthority having jurisdiction3.3.3 ASTMAmerican Society for Testi
27、ng and Materials3.3.4 L1Level 1 fire integrity grating3.3.5 L2Level 2 fire integrity grating3.3.6 L3Level 3 fire integrity grating3.3.7 L0Flame spread only3.3.8 MODUMobile offshore drilling unit3.3.9 NVICNavigation and Vessel Inspection Circular3.3.10 USCGU.S. Coast Guard3.3.11 UVUltraviolet4. Signi
28、ficance and Use4.1 This specification is for FRP gratings used in machinery spaces, cargo areas, and on-deck areas but not withinaccommodation, service, control spaces, and areas where smoke and toxicity is a concern. The test requirements and criteria forFRPgratings have been developed based on the
29、 expected environmental conditions, intended use, and fire hazard the gratings couldbe exposed to in conjunction with requirements for means of escape and fire brigade access to the area where the FRP gratingswill be located. The structural fire integrity test requirements have been developed based
30、on comparative testing with steel gratingsrated for maximum load of 94 lbf/ft2 (4.5 kN/m2). The structural fire integrity requirements for the specific locations aresummarized in Table 1. The fire test requirements include surface flammability testing and structural fire integrity testing with three
31、levels of structural fire integrity that may be achieved as follows:4.1.1 Level 1 (L1)FRP gratings meeting the L1 performance criteria provide the highest degree of safety and are intended foruse in escape routes or areas in which access for firefighting, emergency operation, or rescue is needed aft
32、er a significant fireexposure that may weaken the gratings. Level 1 gratings may also be used in any areas requiring Levels 2 or 3 gratings.4.1.2 Level 2 (L2)FRPgratings meeting the L2 performance criteria are intended for use in areas in which personnel may needto assemble after the grating has bee
33、n exposed to a fire and are tested to ensure that they will be able to sustain a post-fire structuralloading. Areas in which L2 gratings are specified include temporary safe refuge or lifeboat embarkation stations. Level 2 gratingsmay also be used in any areas requiring Level 3 gratings.4.1.3 Level
34、3 (L3)FRP gratings meeting the L3 performance criteria are intended for use in areas used as egress routes or thatmay require access for firefighting, emergency operations, or rescue during or shortly after exposure to a very limited fire not likelyinvolving flammable liquids.4.1.4 Level 0 (L0)FRP g
35、ratings tested to Test Method E84 with a flame spread index 20 and a smoke developed index of450. L0 FRP gratings have no level of fire integrity. L0 gratings are used for personnel walkways, catwalks, ladders, platforms,or access areas in cargo holds and tanks.4.2 These test methods in this specifi
36、cation do not provide the following:4.2.1 Full information as to the performance of the FRPgrating with materials, construction, dimensions, coatings, and so forth,other than tested.4.3 In these test methods, the test specimens are subjected to one or more specific tests under laboratory conditions.
37、 Whendifferent test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by, or from, these testmethods to predict changes to the characteristics measured. Therefore, the results of these laboratory tests are valid only for thetest conditions described in these
38、 test methods.4.4 The fire-resistance test methods specified herein require test specimens to be exposed to a standard fire that is controlledto achieve specified temperatures throughout a specified time period or heat exposure. These are followed by the application ofspecified loads. These test met
39、hods provide a relative measure of performance under the specified test conditions. The fire exposureis not representative of all fire conditions. Variation from the test conditions or test specimen construction, such as size, materials,method of assembly, and so forth, may affect the fire-test resp
40、onse. For these reasons, evaluation of such variations may be requiredfor application to construction in the field. However, variations in the required test exposure conditions are considered outside thescope of this specification.5. Sampling5.1 Sampling methods shall be as required to provide reaso
41、nable assurance that the test samples are truly representative of thestandard manufactured product. When required, test specimens of products shall be sampled at the manufacturing facility bypersonnel representing an accredited testing laboratory, accredited inspection agency, or accredited certific
42、ation agency. SamplingF3059 184at a warehouse or distribution center in lieu of sampling at the manufacturing facility is permitted provided the testing laboratory,TABLE 1 Structural Fire Integrity RequirementsLocation ServiceStructuralFireIntegrityMachineryspacesWalkways or areas which may be usedf
43、or escape, or access for firefighting,emergency operation, or rescueL1APersonnel walkways, catwalks, ladders,platforms, or access areas other thanthose described aboveL3Cargo pumproomsAll personnel walkways, catwalks,ladders, platforms, or access areas L1Cargo holds Walkways or areas which may be us
44、edfor escape, or access for firefighting,emergency operation, or rescueL1Personnel walkways, catwalks, ladders,platforms, or access areas other thanthose described aboveL0Cargo tanks All personnel walkways, catwalks,ladders, platforms, or access areas L0Fuel oil tanks All personnel walkways, catwalk
45、s,ladders, platforms, or access areas L0Ballast watertanksAll personnel walkways, catwalks,ladders, platforms, or access areas L0Cofferdams, voidspaces, doublebottoms, pipetunnels, and soforthAll personnel walkways, catwalks,ladders, platforms, or access areasL0Accommodation,service, andcontrol spac
46、esAll personnel walkways, catwalks,ladders, platforms, or access areas Not permittedLifeboatembarkation ortemporary saferefuge stationsin open deckareasAll personnel walkways, catwalks,ladders, platforms, or access areasL2Open decks orsemi-enclosedareasOperational areas and access routes fordeck foa
47、m firefighting systems on tankvesselsL2Walkways or areas that may be used forescape, or access for firefighting systemsand AFFF hose reels, emergencyoperation, or rescue on MODUs andproduction platforms including safeaccess to tanker bowsL2Walkways or areas that may be used forescape or access for f
48、irefighting systems,emergency operation, or rescue otherthan those described aboveL3Personnel walkways, catwalks, ladders,platforms, or access areas other thanthose described aboveL3A If the machinery space does not contain any internal combustion machinery,other oil burning, oil heating, or oil pum
49、ping units, fuel oil filling stations, or otherpotential hydrocarbon fire sources and has not more than 5.5 lb/ft2 (2.5 kg/m2) ofcombustible storage, gratings of L3 structural fire integrity may be used in lieu ofL1.F3059 185inspection agency, or certification agency samples the materials and correlates the sampled materials with the finished productspecification. The test specimens shall be representative of the FRP gratings to be qualified including materials, construction,profile, dimensions, coatings, and so forth.6. Number of T
