1、Designation: F3110 14 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Practice forProper Use of Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleevewith Locking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying InnerDiameter and Offset Joints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3110; the number immediately following the designat
2、ion indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice establishes minimum
3、requirements forgood practices for the materials and installation of mechanicaltrenchless repair sleeve with a locking gear mechanism forpipes of varying inner diameter and offset joints in the range of6 to 72 in. (150 to 1800 mm).1.2 This practice applies to storm, potable water, wastewaterand indu
4、strial pipes, conduits and drainage culverts.1.3 When the specified materials are used in manufacturingthe sleeve and installed in accordance with this practice, thesleeve shall extend over a predetermined length of the host pipeas a continuous, tight fitting, corrosion resistant and verifiablenon-l
5、eaking pipe repaired using one or more pieces of therepair sleeve mechanism. The maximum internal pressure thissleeve can carry depends on the diameter and the wallthickness, ranging from 10 to 15 bars; the external pressureshall not exceed 1.5 bars.1.4 All materials in contact with potable water sh
6、all becertified to meet NSF/ANSI 61/372.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address
7、 all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Particular attention is drawn to those safet
8、y regulations andrequirements involving entering into and working in confinedspaces.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Gui
9、des and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for PressureVessels and for General ApplicationsA666
10、 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked AusteniticStainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar2.2 NASSCO Guidelines:3Specifications for Sewer Collection System Rehabilitation2.3 European Standard:4EN 681-1 Elastomeric sealsMaterials requirement for pipejoint seals used in water and drainage
11、applicationsPart1: Vulcanized rubber2.4 NSF/ANSI Standards:5NSF/ANSI 61 Drinking water system componentsNSF/ANSI 372 Drinking water system components3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 access point, nupstream or downstream locationsthat serve as the point of entry
12、or exit for the point repair of theexisting pipe.3.1.2 bladder, nan apparatus, when pressurized, inflates atube that presses against the inner pipe walls.3.1.3 EPDM rubber, nethylene propylene diene monomerrubber formed to yield wide ranging engineering propertiesusing a synthetic process.1This prac
13、tice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F36 on Technologyand Underground Utilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.20on Inspection and Renewal of Water and Wastewater Infrastructure.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originallyapproved in 2014
14、. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F311014. DOI:10.1520/F3110-14R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page ont
15、he ASTM website.3Available from National Association of Sewer Service Companies (NASSCO),2470 Longstone Lane, Suite M, Marriottsville, MD 21104, http:/www.nassco.org.4Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), AvenueMarnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http:/www.cen.eu.5Available
16、from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internatio
17、nally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.1.4 finished thickness, nthe finished sleeve thickn
18、essafter installation.3.1.5 hydrophilic, na material that is moisture activatedwith expansion characteristics of 58 times its original thick-ness.3.1.6 locking gear, ngears that alter the diameter of thesleeve that can be locked to retain a desired diameter for thesleeve when put into service.3.1.7
19、NBR, nnitrile butadiene rubber.3.1.8 offset joints, njoints with defects from the inner borearea not aligning perfectly.3.1.9 packer, nan inflatable bladder device on wheels thattransports a sleeve through the pipe and further inflates/expands for final sleeve installation.3.1.10 point repair, nrepa
20、ir of a local defect withoutrelining damaged pipe, conduit or culvert from one manhole tothe next.3.1.11 resin, nsynthetic fluid that hardens to become asolid when cured by steam, heat, ultraviolet light or underambient conditions.3.1.12 serial installation, nusing more than one sleeve toperform poi
21、nt repair.3.1.13 single installation, nusing a single sleeve to per-form point repair.3.1.14 sleeve, ntubular shaped component of variouslength, diameter and wall thickness.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is for use by design engineers, specifiers,regulatory agencies, owners, installers, an
22、d inspection organi-zations who are involved in the rehabilitation of pipes throughthe use of a Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve with aLocking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying Inner Diameterand Offset Joints within a damaged existing pipe.4.2 This practice applies to the following types
23、of defects inpipe that can be repaired: longitudinal, radial and circumfer-ential cracks, fragmentation, leaking joints, displacement orjoint misalignment, closing or sealing unused laterals,corrosion, spalling, wear, leaks in the barrel of the pipe,deformation in the pipe and root penetration. Ther
24、e are nolimitations on the diameters of the laterals that can be sealed.The degree of deformation that can be repaired is dependent onthe minimum and maximum diameters for which the sleeve isapplicable as listed in the tables of dimensions shown inAppendix X1 but shall never exceed 5 %.4.3 This prac
25、tice applies to pipes made of vitrified clay,concrete, reinforced concrete, plastics, glass reinforcedplastics, cast iron, ductile iron and steel for both pressure andnon-pressure applications.4.4 In this practice, no issues of snagging waste or build-upof sludge or sediment have been recorded to da
26、te; the perfor-mance of this sleeve, however, depends on many factors;therefore, past operational records may not include all possiblefuture conditions under which the user may install thesesleeves.4.5 The suitability of the technology covered in this practicefor a particular application shall be jo
27、intly decided by theauthority, the engineer and the installer.5. Essential Components Forming the Sleeve and TheirFunctions5.1 Stainless Steel Sleeve:5.1.1 Flared EndThe flared end faces the direction of flowand improves the hydrodynamics, prevents solids fromdepositing, and increases jetting resist
28、ance, (1) in Fig. 1 andFig. 3. Flared ends are not used, however, for potable waterapplications.5.1.2 Metal OverlapThe steel sleeve is rolled up smallerthan its nominal diameter. The overlap is what is left over forexpanding to the pipe wall, (2) in Fig. 1.5.1.3 Toothed StripThe locks that keep the
29、sleeve ex-panded run along the toothed strip, (3) in Fig. 1.5.1.4 LockThe lock is a small set of gears that only movesin one direction, thus keeping the sleeve expanded, (4) in Fig.1 and Fig. 3. The locking gears are also shown in Fig. 4. Thereare three gears per lock. Six gears per sleeve (two lock
30、s persleeve). Two of the gears in the lock ride in the corresponding“teeth” in the sleeve. The third gear is the lock. It allows theother two gears to only move in a forward direction. All threegears are shielded by a cover. The gears and the shield are allof the same material as the rest of the sle
31、eve. Therefore, allcomponents of the sleeve offer the same design life.Furthermore, the gears are protected by a cover to preventsnagging of waste, or build up of sludge or sediment.5.1.5 Adhesive TapeThe tapes are put on at the factory toprotect the sleeve during transport and prevent it fromunroll
32、ing, (5) in Fig. 1.5.2 Rubber Seal:5.2.1 Circumferential SealsThe actual seal is formed bythe circumferential seals compressed against the host pipe. Thedamaged section must always be between the sealing knobs,(6) in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.5.2.2 Trimming LineThere is a trimming line marked inthe rubber j
33、acket. It shows the installer where to cut off theprojecting rubber end (when a single sleeve is installed), (7) inFig. 2.FIG. 1 Stainless Steel SleeveF3110 14 (2018)25.2.3 Projecting Rubber EndThe projecting rubber endacts as a seal between sleeves installed in series, (8) in Fig. 2and Fig. 3.6. Pr
34、e-installation Inspection and Preparation ofDamaged Pipe6.1 Inspecting the Pipe:6.1.1 Before using the sleeve, the pipe must be inspected toascertain whether it can be repaired with the system. Cleaningand inspection shall be as per NASSCO guidelines for sewagepipes. For other pipes, cleaning and in
35、spection methods that areacceptable to the authority shall be chosen by the installer.There must be at least one access via a manhole or aninspection chamber. The manhole must have a diameter of atleast 24 in. (600 mm) so that the camera/packer system can beinserted. The manhole flume must also be l
36、arger than thosediameters listed in the column titled “V4A pipe rolled dia”shown in Appendixes X1.1, X1.2, X1.4 and X1.5 in order toensure insertion of the packer with the sleeve into the pipe. Forsleeve diameters 32 to 72 in. (800 to 1800 mm) as shown inAppendixes X1.3 and X1.6, and because these s
37、leeves areprovided in 2 or 3 segments, a manhole flume dia of 24 in. (600mm) is sufficient. The interior of the pipeline shall be carefullyinspected to determine the location of any condition that shallprevent proper installation, such as roots, and collapsed orcrushed pipe. These conditions shall b
38、e noted. Experiencedpersonnel trained in locating breaks, obstacles, and serviceconnections by closed circuit television shall perform inspec-tion of pipelines.6.2 Preparing the Pipe:6.2.1 The pipe to be repaired must always be cleaned witha high-pressure jet, a drag scraper or an equal approved by
39、theowner, the owners representative or the manufacturer, beforeusing the sleeve. Hardened deposits, roots, and protrudingsockets must be removed with suitable milling or cutting tools.No obstacles may restrict movement through the pipe. Theremay not be any solids such as sand, gravel, hardened depos
40、its,or wastewater solids around the damaged area. Joint misalign-ments of more than 0.4 in. (10 mm) must be milled off beforean individual sleeve is installed, or repaired using two sleeves.Prudent precautionary measures shall be taken before millingmethods are commenced in situations where the stru
41、cturalintegrity of the existing pipe may be compromised. Theengineer shall conduct a structural condition evaluation andshall set appropriate limits on the depth of milling allowed.Depending on the quantity of flow present, bypassing inaccordance with the authoritys requirements may be neces-sary.6.
42、3 Measuring the Internal Diameter of Existing Pipe:6.3.1 Prior to installation, the internal diameter of theexisting pipe to be repaired shall be measured to ascertaincorrect sizing of the sleeve in accordance with the manufac-turers recommendations. Such measurements shall be taken atboth ends of t
43、he pipe segment being repaired along bothdiameters: 6 oclock to 12 oclock and 3 oclock to 9 oclockorientations.6.3.2 The above apply to wastewater pipes; when the repairsleeve is used in potable water pressure pipes, a protector sheet,made of high grade stainless steel in accordance with Section2, a
44、round the rubber sleeve is needed.7. Equipment and Materials7.1 Equipment:7.1.1 The following equipment is needed for installing thesleeve efficiently: inspection camera or robot with zoom andpan appropriate sleeve packer for the pipe diameter; hollow sleevelink bar for connecting the camera tractor
45、 to the packer; ventvalve; a compressor with an output of at least 5.0 bar; an airhose on a drum with a length of at least 330 ft (100 m); a robotcutter for preparatory tasks.7.2 Materials Forming the Sleeve:7.2.1 Stainless Steel:7.2.1.1 The sleeve shall be made of high grade stainlesssteel, in acco
46、rdance with 316 or 316 L type as specified inSpecification A240/A240M, Specification A666 or GermanV4A stainless steel of grade 1.4401 or 1.4404. This grade ofstainless steel is characterized by its high corrosion resistance.The sleeve is designed for use in municipal water andwastewater systems. Fo
47、r use with industrial wastewater orwhere the wastewater contains high levels of chloride salts, therequired corrosion resistance must be ascertained. Stainlesssteel of grade 316 or 316 L or German V4A stainless steel ofgrade 1.4401 or 1.4404 may be used up to a chlorideconcentration of 600 mg/l. Hig
48、her molybdenum content re-quirements shall be determined by the engineer for chlorideconcentrations higher than 600 mg/l. Further dimensionaldetails are given in Appendixes X1.1, X1.2, and X1.3 for pipesizes 6 to 72 in. (150 to 1800 mm) based on the schematicdiagram shown in Appendix X3. Correspondi
49、ng metric ver-sions are given in Appendixes X1.4, X1.5, and X1.6.7.2.1.2 Before using in industrial, non-municipal wastewa-ter systems, the corrosion resistance of stainless steel of grade316 or 316 L or German V4A stainless steel of grade 1.4401 or1.4404 and the EPDM sleeve must be verified by the engineer.7.2.1.3 There are three types of sleeves available: non-flared, one end-flared and both ends flared. Non-flared sleevesare mainly used for potable water applications or serialFIG. 2 Locking Gear Mechanism and EPDM Rubber SealsF3110 14 (2018)3in
