1、Designation: F3131 14Standard Specification forEpoxy / Cotton Raw Materials for the Use in Bearing Cages1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3131; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re
2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers basic characteristics requiredfor porous laminated Epoxy materials intended for use asinstrument an
3、d thin-section ball-bearing retainers (cages) andthe methods of determining these characteristics.1.2 FormsSheets and Rolled Tubes are recommendedforms of laminated material covered by this specification.1.3 Intended UseMaterials produced to this specificationare intended for use as ball bearing ret
4、ainers (cages). Tempera-ture range is limited to 284F (140C) and below1.4 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.5 Th
5、is standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documen
6、ts2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD229 Test Methods for Rigid Sheet and Plate MaterialsUsed for Electrical InsulationD570 Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidPlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Prop
7、erties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD2257 Test Method for Extractable Matter in TextilesE1640 Test Method for Assignment of the Glass TransitionTemperature
8、By Dynamic Mechanical Analysis2.2 ANSI/ASQC Standards:3ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-spection by Attributes2.3 Federal Standard:4MIL-STD-129 Military Making for Shipment and Storage3. Material and Test Conditioning3.1 Material Conditioning Prior to Tests: (designation asfollow
9、s)3.1.1 A number indicating in degrees Celsius the condition-ing temperature, or3.1.2 A number indicating relative humidity, whenever hu-midity is controlled, or a word to indicate immersion in liquid.3.2 The numbers shall be separated from each other by aslant marks. A sequence of conditions shall
10、be denoted by useof a plus (+) sign between successive conditions. “Des” shallbe used to indicate desiccation over anhydrous calcium chlo-ride. A capital letter “T” (test condition) following the priormaterial conditioning designation shall be separated by acolon, with the testing condition noted in
11、 the same format asthe material conditioning. Temperature and relative humiditytolerances shall be in accordance with Practice D618 Section 7,unless otherwise specified.3.2.1 EXAMPLES:3.2.1.1 C-96/35/90 Humidity conditioning 96 h at95F, (35C) and 90% relative humidity.3.2.1.2 E-48/50Temperature cond
12、itioning - 48 h at 122F,(50C).3.2.1.3 D1-24/23Immersion conditioning - 24 h in dis-tilled water at 73.4F, (23C), followed by E-1/105 - tempera-ture conditioning-1hat221F, (105C).3.3 Standard Procedures:3.3.1 Procedure A:3.3.1.1 Condition A40/23/50 for thickness equal or lessthan 0.250 in., (7mm) or
13、Condition A-88/23/50 for thickness1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F34 on RollingElement Bearings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F34.06 onAerospace.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published January 2015. DOI: 10.1520/F3131142For referenced ASTM
14、standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Society for Quality (ASQ), 600 N. Plankinton Ave.,Milwauk
15、ee, WI 53203, http:/www.asq.org.4DLA Document Services Building 4/D 700 Robbins Avenue Philadelphia, PA19111-5094 http:/quicksearch.dla.mil/Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1greater than 0.250 in., (7mm) Standard Laborat
16、ory atmospherefor a minimum of either 40 h or 88 h, dependent on thickness,at 73.4F (23C) and 50% relative humidity.3.3.2 Procedure D:3.3.2.1 Condition D124/23 See example above.3.3.2.2 Condition D24/23 Immersion conditioning - 24h at 73.4F, (23C).3.3.2.3 Condition D48/50 Immersion conditioning - 48
17、h at 122F, (50C).3.3.3 Procedure E:3.3.3.1 Condition E-1/150: T-150 Temperature condition-ing-1hat302F, (150C) - immediately followed with Test at302F, (150C).3.3.3.2 Condition E48/50 See example above.3.3.3.3 Condition E168/185 Temperature conditioning 168 h at 365F, (185C).4. Classification4.1 The
18、 material shall be furnished in the following typesand forms as specified:Type DescriptionFB Rolled tube made from cotton fabric weighing 4 oz/yd2(0.14 kg/m2)or less, with a nominal thread count of 80 by 80 threads per in. (31.5by 31.5 cm). Thread tolerance of 5%.FBFW Rolled tube made from cotton fa
19、bric weighing 4 oz/yd2(0.14 kg/m2)or less, with a nominal thread count of 100 by 100 threads per in.(39.4 by 39.4 cm). Thread tolerance of 5%.FBEFW Rolled tube made from cotton fabric weighing 3 oz/yd2(0.1 kg/m2)orless, with a nominal thread count of 130 by 130 threads per in. (51.2cm). Thread toler
20、ance of 5%.5. Ordering Information5.1 Procurement documents should specify the following:5.1.1 Title, designation, and date of this specification;5.1.2 Type required (see Section 4);5.1.3 Dimensions required; and5.1.4 Special marking required (see 10.2).5.2 Required test data shall be requested at t
21、he time thepurchase order is submitted and listed on the purchase order.6. Order of Precedence6.1 In the event of a conflict between the text of thisspecification and references cited herein, the text of thisspecification takes precedence. Nothing in this specification,however, supersedes applicable
22、 laws and regulations unless aspecific exemption has been obtained.7. Performance Requirement7.1 TubePerformance requirements for tube laminatedmaterials specified in Table 1.7.2 SheetPerformance requirements for sheet laminatedmaterials, specified in Table 2.7.3 ConstructionTubes and Sheets shall c
23、onsist of cottonbase material (reinforcement) as described in 4.1, impregnatedand bonded with a non-plasticized Epoxy resin. Tubes will bemade by passing the impregnated material over heated rollsand winding the heated material onto a mandrel while applyingpressure to the material/mandrel. The overw
24、rapped mandrel isthen placed in an oven to cure the tube. Sheets will be made bystacking pre-cut impregnated material between steel plates andloaded into a press applying heat and pressure to cure the sheet.7.4 Base Materials:7.4.1 Cotton Fabric ConstructionMaterial shall consist ofa woven cotton fa
25、bric substrate impregnated and bonded withan Epoxy resin matrix and processed to meet the requirementsof this specification, (see 4.1). Finished fabric shall be de-sized,washed, and bleached, with remaining impurities per TestMethod D2257 Extractable Matter, not greater than 1.5 % afterfinishing.7.5
26、 Property ValuesTubes shall conform to the propertyvalues shown in Table 1, when tested in accordance withSection 8. The property value requirements for special sizes oftubes shall be as specified in the purchase order (see Section 5).Sheets shall conform to the property values shown in Table 2,when
27、 tested in accordance with Section 8. The property valuerequirements for special sizes of sheets shall be as specified inthe purchase order (see Section 5).7.6 Dimensional:7.6.1 Diameter of Tubes Rolled Round (TRR)Range ofsizes for tubes rolled round shall be as specified in Table 3. Theinside diame
28、ter and outside diameter shall be included in thepart number. An example of a part number for a rolled tubewith an inside diameter of 0.188 in., (0.478 cm) and an outsidediameter of 0.250 in., (0.635 cm) is TRR-00.188/00.250. Thewall thickness tolerances for finished outside diameter shall beas spec
29、ified in Table 4.TABLE 1 Performance Requirements for TubesCondition ASTMTestMethodUnit FB FBFW FBEFWCompressive Strength AxialAA D695 Min. psi 27 000 27 000 27 000Compressive Strength AxialAModulusA D695 Min. kpsi 255 255 285DensityA(Range) A D792 gm/cc 1.24 1.34 1.28 1.38 1.30 1.38Tg by DMA A E164
30、0 Min. C 150 150 150Water Absorption (ID range of 0.25in. (0.635 cm.) 8.0 in. ( 20.3cm.)D1 24/23 D570 Max. % Wall 0.062 in.(0.16 cm.) 1.5Wall 0.125 in.(0.32 cm.) 1.0Wall 0.250 in.(0.63 cm.) 0.75Wall 0.5 in.(1.27 cm.) 0.5APounds per square inches (psi). 1 psi = 6.8948 kPa. Test is limited to tubes 0.
31、250 in. (0.635 cm) and greater ID. One specimen to be taken from center of sample tube.The other two specimens to be taken 1 in. (2.54 cm) from each end of the sample tube.F3131 142TABLE2PerformanceRequirementsforFBSheetsConditionASTM TestMethodUnitThickness(in.)A0.0310.0620.0940.1250.1880.2500.5000
32、.7501.0001.001Max.Flexural strength Lengthwise: Crosswise:AD790Min.psiMin.psi1900016000190001600019000160001900016000190001600019000160001900016000180001500016500125001600012500Flexural strength Lengthwise: ModulusAD790Min.kpsi.900900900900900900900900900Crosswise: modulus.Min.kpsi.75075075075075075
33、0750750750TgbyDMAAE1640Min.C150150150150150150150150150150Bonding strengthA D-48/50D229Min.lbs.18001700180017002200220022002200Waterab-sorptionD124/23D570D570Max.%1.501.251.001.000.750.750.500.500.250.25Siliconecon-tentE-168/185Customer SpecificMax.ppm50505050505050505050A1in.=2.54cm.1lb=0.45kg.1psi
34、=6.8948kPaBMaximumthicknesstestedshallbe2.000in.(5.08cm).F3131 1437.6.2 Thickness of SheetsThickness of laminated sheets,permissible variations, and the applicable part number shall beas specified in Table 5.7.6.3 WarpageWarpage of material furnished in the tubeor sheet form, as delivered, shall not
35、 be greater than thefollowing when measured per method in 8.4: Tubes OutsideDiameter (OD) and Sheet Thickness, Permissible Warp, Table6.NOTE 1Percentage of warp is specified in terms of 36-in. (91-cm)material lengths.7.6.4 LengthsUnless otherwise specified (see Section 5),tubes shall be furnished in
36、 Manufacturers standards lengths.7.6.5 TolerancesTube diameters ID, OD and Wall thick-ness shall be specified by only two dimensions ID by OD or IDby Wall, (see Section 5). For tube ID and OD tolerances (seeTable 3). For tube Wall thickness tolerance (see Table 5).Unless otherwise specified, tubes s
37、hall conform to the specifieddimensions from nominal ID and OD, but variations in wallthickness shall not be greater than the tolerances shown inTable 5. As an option a buyer may request an unfinished OD ortrimmed length, or both. For sheet thickness tolerance (seeTable 5).7.7 ResinShall be used and
38、 stored within the manufactur-ers requirements.7.8 Pre PregPrepreg shall be used within six monthswhen stored at 68 6 5.4F (20 6 3C) and 30 % maximumrelative humidity. Some resin systems may require Prepreg tobe frozen.7.9 Surface DefectsFinished, tube OD diameters andsheet surfaces shall be free fr
39、om blisters, loose layers, resinpockets, voids and wrinkles. Finished walls and sheet thicknessshall show no checks or cracks between the laminations onmachined or sawed edges.7.10 ColorThe natural color of the laminate may vary andis not a cause for rejection.7.11 Surface FinishLaminate shall be fi
40、nished to meet thecustomer requirements.7.12 Degree of CureDegree of cure measuring Tg. (GlassTransition) by Test Method E1640, shall be measured by DMAmethod (or other similar test method), with a minimum valueof 302F, (150 C).8. Verification8.1 Responsibility for InspectionUnless otherwise speci-f
41、ied in the contract or purchase order, the contractor isresponsible for the performance of all inspection requirements(examinations and tests) as specified herein. Except as other-wise specified in the contract or purchase order, the contractormay use his own or any other facilities suitable for the
42、performance of the inspection requirements specified herein,unless disapproved by the customer. The customer reserves theright to perform any of the inspections set forth in thisspecification where such inspections are deemed necessary toensure supplies and services conform to prescribed require-men
43、ts.8.2 Conformance Inspection:8.2.1 Sampling for Conformance InspectionSampling forconformance inspection shall be performed in accordance withASQC-Z1.4 unless otherwise specified. For purpose ofsampling, an inspection lot for examination and tests shallconsist of all materials of the same type dime
44、nsions, resin, andbase material from one impregnation run.8.2.2 Examination of MaterialExamination of materialshall be made in accordance with 7.4. The lot size fordetermining the sample size in accordance with ASQC-Z1.4.MIL-STD-129 Military Making for Shipment and Storage shallbe expressed in units
45、 of tubes or sheets.8.3 Appearance and WorkmanshipThe sample unit for thefollowing examination shall be tubes or sheets of the specifiedlot. The inspection level shall be per ASQC-Z1.4 ASQC-Z1.4.MIL-STD-129 Military Making for Shipment and Storage,Level II with acceptance quality levels (AQLs) as fo
46、llows: 1.5for major defects and for minor defects. Classifications ofdefects are listed in Table 7.8.4 TestingTubes or sheets shall be tested for applicablecharacteristics as indicated in Table 1 on each lot presented forinspection. The inspection level for determining the samplesize shall be S-1 pe
47、r ASQC-Z1.4 except that not less than twosample units shall be randomly selected from a lot. The lot sizeshall be expressed in units of tubes or sheets. TheAQL shall be6.5. Describe all failures and report all values on which testresults are based.9. Test Methods9.1 MeasurementsTube or sheet shall b
48、e examined anddimensions other than length recorded to the nearest 0.001 in.(0.00254 cm.). Cut tube lengths shall be measured to thenearest; 0.0625 in. (0.1588 cm.) for less than 1 in. ODdiameter, 0.125 in. (.3175 cm.) for less than 2 in. OD diameter,0.250 in. (0.635 cm) for less than 4 in. OD diame
49、ter, and 1.0 in.(2.54 cm) for OD diameters greater than or equal to 4 in.Standard Manufacturer length shall be 6 1.0 in. (6 2.54 cm.)for tube, for sheet length and width.9.2 Axial Compressive Strength (Tube form only):TABLE 3 Tolerances on Diameters of Rolled TubesNominal Diametersin.A,BTolerances ()InsideDiameters(in.)B(ID)Ground Outside Diameters(in.)B(OD)0.090 up to 0.750 0.003 0.0050.750 up to 2.000 0.004 0.0052.000 4.000, inclusiveC0.008 0.0084.001 12.000, inclusiveC0.0
