1、Designation: F3213 17Standard forAdditive Manufacturing Finished Part Properties Standard Specification for Cobalt-28 Chromium-6Molybdenum via Powder Bed Fusion1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3213; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal a
2、doption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers additively manufacturedcobalt-28 chromium-6
3、 molybdenum alloy components withsimilar chemical composition to UNS R30075 by means oflaser and electron beam-based full melt powder bed fusionprocesses. The components produced by these processes areused typically in applications that require mechanical proper-ties similar to cast or wrought produ
4、cts. Components manu-factured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, postprocessed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge ma-chining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desiredsurface finish and critical dimensions.1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchas
5、ersor producers, or both, of additively manufactured cobalt-28chromium-6 molybdenum alloy components for defining therequirements and ensuring component properties.1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis forobtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptancerequirements est
6、ablished and revised by consensus of themembers of the committee.1.4 User requirements considered more stringent than re-quirements in Sections 122 may be met by the addition to thepurchase order of one or more supplementary requirements,which may include, but are not limited to, those listed inSupp
7、lementary Requirements S1S14.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. Other units are included only for informationalpurposes.1.6 The chemical composition requirements in this specifi-cation for cobalt-28 chromium-6 molybdenum alloy compo-nents are similar to Specificatio
8、n F1537 Alloys 1 and 2 forwrought cobalt-28 chromium-6 molybdenum and SpecificationF75 for cast cobalt-28 chromium-6 molybdenum.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for th
9、eDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A484/A484M Specification for General Requirements forStainless Steel Bars, Billets, and ForgingsB213 Test
10、Methods for Flow Rate of Metal Powders Usingthe Hall Flowmeter FunnelB214 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Metal PowdersB243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB311 Test Method for Density of Powder Metallurgy (PM)Materials Containing Less Than Two Percent PorosityB822 Test Method for Particle Size Di
11、stribution of MetalPowders and Related Compounds by Light ScatteringB855 Test Method for Volumetric Flow Rate of MetalPowders Using the Arnold Meter and Hall FlowmeterFunnelB964 Test Methods for Flow Rate of Metal Powders Usingthe Carney FunnelD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE3 Guide for Prep
12、aration of Metallographic SpecimensE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-terialsE9 Test Methods of Compression Testing of Metallic Mate-rials at Room TemperatureE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves
13、E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests ofMetallic Materials1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F42 onAdditive Manufacturing Technologies and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee F42.05
14、on Materials and Processes.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published January 2018. DOI: 10.1520/F2313M-172For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the
15、standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the
16、 Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Me-tallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Tes
17、t Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE238 Test Method for Pin-Type Bearing Test of MetallicMaterialsE354 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-Temperature, Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron,Nickel, and Cobalt AlloysE384 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Mate-r
18、ialsE399 Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain FractureToughness KIcof Metallic MaterialsE407 Practice for Microetching Metals and AlloysE466 Practice for Conducting Force Controlled ConstantAmplitude Axial Fatigue Tests of Metallic MaterialsE606 Test Method for Strain-Controlled Fatigue Testi
19、ngE647 Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue CrackGrowth RatesE1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and CobaltAlloys by Various Combustion and Fusion TechniquesE1417 Practice for Liquid Penetrant TestingE1450 Test Method for Tension Test
20、ing of Structural Alloysin Liquid HeliumE1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel, Co-balt and High-Temperature AlloysE1742/E1742M Practice for Radiographic ExaminationE1820 Test Method for Measurement of Fracture ToughnessE1941 Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refrac-tory and Rea
21、ctive Metals and TheirAlloys by CombustionAnalysisE2368 Practice for Strain Controlled ThermomechanicalFatigue TestingF75 Specification for Cobalt-28 Chromium-6 MolybdenumAlloy Castings and Casting Alloy for Surgical Implants(UNS R30075)F1377 Specification for Cobalt-28Chromium-6MolybdenumPowder for
22、 Coating of Orthopedic Implants (UNSR30075)F1537 Specification for Wrought Cobalt-28Chromium-6Molybdenum Alloys for Surgical Implants (UNSR31537, UNS R31538, and UNS R31539)F2924 Specification for Additive Manufacturing Titanium-6Aluminum-4 Vanadium with Powder Bed FusionF2971 Practice for Reporting
23、 Data for Test Specimens Pre-pared by Additive ManufacturingF3049 Guide for Characterizing Properties of Metal Pow-ders Used for Additive Manufacturing ProcessesF3122 Guide for Evaluating Mechanical Properties of MetalMaterials Made via Additive Manufacturing Processes2.2 ISO/ASTM Standards:252900 T
24、erminology for Additive Manufacturing GeneralPrinciples Terminology52915 Specification for Additive Manufacturing File Format(AMF) Version 1.152921 Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Coordi-nate Systems and Test Methodologies2.3 ASQ Standard:3ASQ C1 Specification of General Requirements for a Qu
25、al-ity Program2.4 ISO Standards4ISO 148-1 Metallic materials Charpy pendulum impacttest Part 1: Test methodISO 1099 Metallic materials Fatigue testing Axialforce-controlled methodISO 4545 Metallic materials Knoop hardness test Part 2:Verification and calibration of testing machinesISO 6506-1 Metalli
26、c materials Brinell hardness test Part1: Test methodISO 6507-1 Metallic materials Vickers hardness test Part1: Test methodISO 6508 Metallic materials Rockwell hardness test Part1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T)ISO 6892-1 Metallic materials Tensile testing at ambienttemperatureI
27、SO 6892-2 Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 2:Method of test at elevated temperatureISO 9001 Quality management system RequirementsISO 9044 Industrial woven wire cloth Technical require-ments and testingISO 12108 Metallic materials Fatigue testing Fatiguecrack growth methodISO 12111 Metallic m
28、aterials Fatigue testing Strain-controlled thermomechanical fatigue testing methodISO 12135 Metallic materials Unified method of test forthe determination of quasistatic fracture toughnessISO 12737 Metallic materials Determination of plane-strain fracture toughness (withdrawn)ISO 13485 Medical devic
29、es Quality management systems Requirements for regulatory purposesISO 19819 Metallic materials Tensile testing in liquid form2.5 SAE Standards5AMS 2248 Chemical Check Analysis Limits: Corrosion andHeat Resistant Steels and Alloys, Maraging and OtherHighly-Alloyed Steels, and Iron AlloysAMS 2269 Chem
30、ical Check Analysis Limits Nickel, NickelAlloys, and Cobalt AlloysAMS 2774 Heat Treatment Wrought Nickel Alloy and Co-balt Alloy PartsAMS 5599 Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant,Sheet, Strip, and Plate 62Ni-21.5Cr-9.0Mo-3.7Cb (Nb)Solution Heat TreatedAMS 5894 Cobalt Alloys, Bars, Sheets, and
31、 Plate, 60Co-28Cr-4.5W-1.15C, Solution Heat TreatedAS 9100 Quality Management Systems Requirements forAviation, Space and Defense Organizations3Available from American Society for Quality (ASQ), 600 N. Plankinton Ave.,Milwaukee, WI 53203, http:/www.asq.org.4Available from American National Standards
32、 Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,PA 15096, http:/www.sae.org.F3213 1722.6 ASME Standard:6ASME B46.1 Surface Texture2.7 NIST Standard:7IR 7847 (March 2012) CODEN:NTNOEF3. Termi
33、nology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terminology relating to powder bed fusion in Speci-fication F2924 shall apply.3.1.2 Terminology relating to additive manufacturing inISO/ASTM 52900 shall apply.3.1.3 Terminology relating to coordinate systems in ISO/ASTM 52921 shall apply.3.1.4 Terminology relating to pow
34、der metallurgy in Termi-nology B243 shall apply.4. Conditon4.1 Unless otherwise specified herein, all conditions shallmeet the requirements in each system of this standard. Condi-tions are not listed sequentially.4.1.1 Condition SR components shall be stress relieved orsolution annealed in accordanc
35、e with Section 12.4.1.2 Condition ANN components shall be solution an-nealed in accordance with Section 12.NOTE 1Stress relieving in 4.1.1 refers to the thermal post-processingof dimensional stabilization to remove or reduce internal/residual stresses,and solution annealing in 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 refers
36、 to the thermal post-processing of heating the component to the maximum annealingtemperature, holding for a sufficient time to gain boundary carbides toenter into solution, and cooling rapidly enough to prevent unacceptablegrain boundary carbide precipitation.4.1.3 Condition HIP components shall be
37、hot isostaticallypressed in accordance with Section 13.4.1.4 For Condition OPT components, all thermal postprocessing shall be optional.4.1.5 The purchaser may specify multiple conditions on thepurchase order such as Condition SR/HIP.4.2 Table 1 provides a guide on controls by condition.5. Ordering
38、Information5.1 Orders for components compliant with this specificationshall include the following to describe the requirements ad-equately:5.1.1 This specification designation,5.1.2 Description or part number of product desired,5.1.3 Quantity of product desired,5.1.4 Condition,5.1.5 SI or SAE units,
39、5.1.5.1 DiscussionThe STL file format used by manypowder bed fusion machines does not contain units of mea-surement as metadata. When only STLfiles are provided by thepurchaser, ordering information should specify the units of thecomponent along with the electronic data file. More informa-tion about
40、 data files can be found in ISO/ASTM 52915.5.1.6 Dimensions and tolerances (Section 14),5.1.7 Mechanical properties (Section 11),5.1.8 Methods for chemical analysis (Section 9),5.1.9 Sampling plans as agreed upon by the componentsupplier and purchaser, including any supplementary requir-ments (see 1
41、.4),5.1.10 Post-processing sequence of operations,5.1.11 Thermal post-processing condition,5.1.12 Component marking such as labeling the serial or lotnumber in the CAD file prior to the build cycle, or producttagging,5.1.13 Packaging and shipping requirements,5.1.14 Certification,5.1.15 Disposition
42、of rejected material (Section 15), and5.1.16 Other supplementary requirements as agreed upon bythe component supplier and purchaser such as allowableporosity (see 1.4).6. Manufacturing Information6.1 Condition SR, ANN, HIP, and OPT components manu-factured to this specification shall have a numberin
43、g plan thatincludes, but is not limited to, the following:6.1.1 A machine, manufacturing control system, and quali-fication procedure as agreed between component supplier andpurchaser;NOTE 2Qualification procedures typically require qualification buildcycles in which mechanical property test specime
44、ns are prepared andmeasured in accordance with Section 11 or other applicable standards.Location, orientation on the build platform, number of test specimens foreach machine qualification build cycle, and relationship between speci-men test results and component quality shall be agreed upon by theco
45、mponent supplier and purchaser.6.1.2 Feedstock that meets the requirements of Section 7;6.1.3 The machine identification, including machine soft-ware version, manufacturing control system version (if6Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Two
46、Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.7Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http:/www.nist.gov.TABLE 1 Controls by ConditionCondition ThermalPost-ProcessManufacturingPlanRequiredPowder UseControl
47、ledPowderContaminationControlledPost-ProcessingControlledConsolidatedMaterialChemistryControlledMicrostructureControlledMechanicalPropertiesControlledQualityProgramRequiredSR Stress Relief yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yesANN SolutionAnnealedyes yes yes yes yes yes yes yesHIP Hot IsostaticPressedyes y
48、es yes yes yes yes yes yesOPT Optional yes no no no no no no noF3213 173automated), build chamber environment, machineconditioning, and calibration information of the qualifiedmachine;6.1.4 Predetermined process as substantiated by the quali-fication procedure;6.1.5 Safeguards to ensure traceability
49、 of the digital files,including design history of the components;6.1.6 All the steps necessary to start the build process,including build platform selection, machine cleaning, andpowder handling;6.1.7 The requirements for approving/qualifying machineoperators;6.1.8 Logging of machine build data files, upper and lowerlimits of the parameters affecting component quality and otherprocess validation controls;6.1.9 The number of components per build cycle, theirorientation and location on the build platform, and supp
