1、Designation: F3234/F3234M 17Standard Specification forExterior Lighting in Small Aircraft1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3234/F3234M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers international standards for theexterior lighting aspects of airworthiness and design for“small” aircraft.1.
3、2 The applicant for a design approval must seek theindividual guidance of their respective CAA body concerningthe use of this specification as part of a certification plan. Forinformation on which CAA regulatory bodies have acceptedthis specification (in whole or in part) as a means of compli-ance t
4、o their Small Aircraft Airworthiness regulations (herein-after referred to as “the Rules”), refer to ASTM F44 webpage(www.ASTM.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm) which includesCAA website links.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stat
5、ed ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use.
6、 It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 Following is a list of external standards referencedthroughout this specification; the earlie
7、st revision acceptablefor use is indicated. In all cases later document revisions areacceptable if shown to be equivalent to the listed revision, or ifotherwise formally accepted by the governing civil aviationauthority; earlier revisions are not acceptable.2.2 ASTM Standards:2F3060 Terminology for
8、AircraftF3061/F3061M Specification for Systems and Equipment inSmall Aircraft2.3 SAE Standards:3SAE AS8017, Rev A Minimum Performance Standard forAnticollision Light SystemsSAE AS8037, Rev Minimum Performance Standard forAircraft Position Lights3. Terminology3.1 Terminology specific to this specific
9、ation is providedbelow. For general terminology, refer to Terminology F3060.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 aircraft type code, nan Aircraft Type Code (ATC) isdefined by considering both the technical considerations re-garding the design of the aircraft and the airworthiness
10、 levelestablished based upon risk-based criteria; the method ofdefining an ATC applicable to this specification is defined inSpecification F3061/F3061M.4. Exterior LightingNOTE 1Table 1 provides correlation between various Aircraft TypeCodes and the individual requirements contained within this sect
11、ion; referto 3.2.1. For each subsection, an indicator can be found under each ATCcharacter field; three indicators are used:An empty cell ( ) in all applicable ATC character field columnsindicates that an aircraft must meet the requirements of that subsection.A white circle () in multiple columns in
12、dicates that the requirementsof that subsection are not applicable to an aircraft only if all such ATCcharacter fields are applicable.A mark-out () in any of the applicable ATC character field columnsindicates that the requirements of that subsection are not applicable to anaircraft if that ATC char
13、acter field is applicable.ExampleAn aircraft with anATC of 1SRLLDLN is being considered.Since all applicable columns are empty for 4.2.1, that subsection isapplicable to the aircraft; however, since the “D” meteorological columnfor 4.1.1 contains an , then that subsection is not applicable.4.1 Taxi
14、and Landing Lights:4.1.1 Each taxi and landing light must be designed andinstalled so that no dangerous glare is visible to the pilots.4.1.2 Each taxi and landing light must be designed andinstalled so that the pilot is not seriously affected by halation.4.1.3 Each taxi and landing light must be des
15、igned andinstalled so that it provides enough light for night operations.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F44 on GeneralAviation Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F44.50 onSystems and Equipment.Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2017. Published Ma
16、rch 2017. DOI: 10.1520/F3234_F3234M-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from SAE In
17、ternational (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,PA 15096, http:/www.sae.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on stand
18、ardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.14.1.4 Each taxi and landing light must be designed andinstalled so that it does not cause
19、 a fire hazard in anyconfiguration.4.2 Position Light Systems:4.2.1 Each part of each position light system must meet theapplicable requirements of this section, and each system as awhole must meet the requirements of SAE AS8037.4.2.2 Left and right position lights must consist of a red andgreen lig
20、ht spaced laterally as far apart as practicable andinstalled on the aircraft such that, with the aircraft in thenormal flying position, the red light is on the left side and thegreen light is on the right side.4.2.3 The rear position light must be a white light mountedas far aft as practicable on th
21、e tail or on each wing tip.4.2.4 Each light cover or color filter must be at least flameresistant and may not change color or shape or lose anyappreciable light transmission during normal use.4.3 Position Light Dihedral Angles:4.3.1 Dihedral angles are defined in SAE AS8037.4.3.2 Except as provided
22、in 4.3.3, each position light must,as installed, show unbroken light within the dihedral anglesdefined in 4.3.1.4.3.3 If the rear position light, when mounted as far aft aspracticable in accordance with 4.2.3, cannot show unbrokenlight within a dihedral angleAas defined in 4.3.1, a solid angle,or an
23、gles of obstructed visibility totaling not more than 0.04steradians is allowable within that dihedral angle, if such solidangel is within a cone whose apex is at the rear position lightand whose elements make an angle of 30 with a vertical linepassing through the rear position light.4.4 Position Lig
24、ht Distribution and IntensitiesThe lightdistribution and intensity of each position light, as installed,including overlap between adjacent signals, must meet therequirements of SAE AS8037.4.5 Color SpecificationsEach position light color musthave the applicable International Commission on Illuminati
25、onchromaticity coordinates as described in SAE AS8017 or SAEAS8037, or both, as applicable.4.6 Riding Lights:4.6.1 Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane oramphibian must be installed so that it can show a white lightfor at least 3.2 km 2 miles at night under clear atmosphericconditions.
26、4.6.2 Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane oramphibian, must be installed so that it can show the maximumunbroken light practicable when the aircraft is moored ordrifting on the water.4.6.3 Externally hung lights may be used to meet therequirements of 4.6.1 and 4.6.2.4.7 Anticollision
27、Light Systems:4.7.1 The aircraft must have an anticollision light systemthat consists of one or more approved anticollision lightslocated so that their light will not impair the flight crewmembersvision or detract from the conspicuity of the positionlights.4.7.2 The anticollision light system, as in
28、stalled, mustconsist of enough lights to illuminate the vital areas around theaircraft, considering the physical configuration and flightcharacteristics of the aircraft. The field of coverage mustextend in each direction within at least 75 above and 75below the horizontal plane of the aircraft, exce
29、pt that there maybe solid angles of obstructed visibility totaling not more than0.5 steradians.TABLE 1 ATC Compliance Matrix, Section 4SectionAirworthiness Level Number ofEnginesType ofEngine(s)Stall Speed Cruise Speed MeteorologicalConditionsAltitude Maneuvers1234SMRTLMHLHDNILHNA44.14.1.1 4.1.2 4.1
30、.3 4.1.4 4.24.2.14.2.24.2.34.2.44.34.3.14.3.24.3.34.44.54.64.6.14.6.24.6.34.74.7.14.7.24.7.3F3234/F3234M 1724.7.3 The arrangement of the system, that is, the number oflight sources, beam width, speed of rotation, and othercharacteristics, must meet the requirements of SAE AS8017.5. Keywords5.1 antic
31、ollision lights; landing lights; lighting; positionlights; riding lights; taxi lightsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of th
32、e validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. You
33、r comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments
34、 have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or mult
35、iple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 173
