1、Designation: F3262 17Standard Classification System forSmall Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUASs) for Land Searchand Rescue1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3262; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This classification defines small Unmanned AircraftSystem (sUAS) land search and rescue resources in terms of
3、their capabilities.1.1.1 This classification is not intended to classify smallUAS utilized in urban search and rescue.1.1.2 This classification is not intended to classify smallUAS utilized in disaster response.1.2 The classifications in this standard are intended to aidemergency managers ordering r
4、esources for search and rescueincidents. These classifications provide a means by whichresource managers and sUAS pilots/operators can convey toemergency management the tasks for which their systems arecapable of performing.1.2.1 This classification is designed for incidents at the localand state le
5、vel and is not intended to encompass federal ormilitary resources.1.3 This classification does not define standards of perfor-mance or training for sUAS systems and operators engaged insearch and rescue.1.3.1 Guides that address the general airworthiness of sUASsystems are under the jurisdiction of
6、ASTM Committee F38 onUnmannedAircraft Systems and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F38.01 on Airworthiness.1.3.2 Guides that address the general flight operations ofsUAS systems are under the jurisdiction of ASTM CommitteeF38 on Unmanned Aircraft Systems and are the direct respon-sibilit
7、y of Subcommittee F38.02 on Flight Operations.1.3.3 Guides that address the general training,qualifications, and certifications of sUAS personnel are underthe jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F38 on UnmannedAircraft Systems and are the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee F38.03 on Personnel Trainin
8、g, Qualification and Certi-fication.1.3.4 Guides that specifically address sUAS standards forpersonnel training and operations in the specific attributes forland search and rescue will fall under the jurisdiction of ASTMCommittee F32 on Search and Rescue and will remain com-pliant with those standar
9、ds prepared by ASTM Committee F38on Unmanned Aircraft Systems.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica
10、-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by th
11、e World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F3222 Terminology Relating to F32 Land Search and Res-cue Standards and Guides3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this classification,refer to Terminology
12、 F3222.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 CTOL, nsUAS capable of conventional takeoff andlanding.3.2.2 STOL, nsUAS requiring short runway requirementsfor takeoff and landing.3.2.3 VTOL, nsUAS that can hover, takeoff, and landvertically.3.2.4 category, nspecific task for which a
13、 sUAS landsearch and rescue resource is capable.3.2.5 kind, nsubset of some sUAS land search and rescueresource categories.1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F32 on Searchand Rescue and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F32.01 on Equipment,Testing, and Mainte
14、nance.Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published July 2017. DOI: 10.1520/F3262-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summa
15、ry page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles
16、for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.2.6 type, nbasal characteristic that generally identifiesthe capabilities for a sUAS in a given category for land searchand rescue.4. Signif
17、icance and Use4.1 This standard may be used to classify sUAS resourcesutilized for land search and rescue.4.2 Classification of sUAS land search and rescue resourcesis based upon the complete sUAS including payload, commu-nications systems.4.2.1 This classification identifies the mechanical features
18、of the sUAS platform and does not account for the pilots/operators skill in performing specific tasks.4.3 UAS land search and rescue resources are classified byCategory, Kind, and Type.4.4 A sUAS land search and rescue resource may be morethan one Category.4.5 A sUAS land search and rescue resource
19、may be morethan one Kind.4.6 A particular Kind of sUAS land search and rescueresource can only be one Type for a given Category or Kind.5. UAS Resource Category5.1 Category identifies the specific task for which a sUASsearch resource is capable of performing, as follows:5.1.1 SearchProviding functio
20、ns and/or support in aneffort to locate an object and/or person(s).5.1.2 RescueProviding functions and/or support in aneffort to save an object or person(s) from a distressed orlife-threatening situation.5.1.3 OverheadProviding functions and/or support to aidIncident Management or Incident Command.
21、An examplewould be to provide information for the intent of improving ormaintaining situational awareness.5.1.4 CommunicationsProviding functions and/or supportto aid in the transfer of information/data between one or moreparties.6. UAS Search Resource Kind6.1 Kind further defines a sUAS search reso
22、urces capabili-ties in regard to a particular Category.6.1.1 Not all sUAS search resource Categories are differ-entiated by Kind.6.2 Search6.2.1 Wide Area Search:6.2.1.1 Real-Time VideoCapable of delivering real-timevideo data real-time in one or more regions of the electromag-netic spectrum (may in
23、clude, for example, infrared, visible, orultra-violet).6.2.1.2 Real-Time StillsCapable of delivering real-timephotographic data real-time in one or more regions of theelectromagnetic spectrum (may include, for example, infrared,visible, or ultra-violet).6.2.1.3 Delayed VideoCapable of delivering rec
24、ordedvideo data in one or more regions of the electromagneticspectrum (may include, for example, infrared, visible, orultra-violet).6.2.1.4 Delayed StillsCapable of delivering recorded pho-tographic data in one or more regions of the electromagneticspectrum (may include, for example, infrared, visib
25、le, orultra-violet).6.2.2 Radio Frequency Search:6.2.2.1 Cellular devices.6.2.2.2 802.11 (WiFi) network devices Wifi.6.2.2.3 Family Radio Service devices.6.2.2.4 Avalanche beacon.6.2.2.5 ELT/EPIRB/PLB frequency of 121.5 MHz.6.3 Attractant/Containment:6.3.1 Payload designed to attract missing subject
26、 and guidethem to a specific point or to indicate that searchers are in thearea.6.4 Overhead:6.4.1 Situational awareness.6.4.2 Remote sensing utilizing one or more sensors oremitters. For example, LIDAR may be used to identify naturalor man-made geographical (topographical) features.6.4.3 Aerial Ima
27、ging for GISRecords photographic datafor viewing after aircraft recovery; includes support andsoftware for the creation of geographically rectified orthophotomosaics.6.4.4 Team tracking.6.5 Rescue6.5.1 Payload Delivery:6.5.1.1 Precision DeliveryDelivers a payload to specificlocation.6.5.1.2 Fly-by D
28、eliveryDelivers a payload to a location ina non-specific manner.6.6 Communications:6.6.1 Radio relay.6.6.2 Network extender.6.6.3 Provides one-way visual communication to the sub-ject.6.6.4 Provides two-way visual communication between thesubject and land search and rescue personnel.6.6.5 Provides o
29、ne-way audio communication to the sub-ject.6.6.6 Provides two-way audio communication between thesubject and land search and rescue personnel.6.6.7 Provides some other form of communication betweenthe subject and land search and rescue personnel.7. sUAS Search Resource Type7.1 Type indicates the cha
30、racteristics used to define thecapabilities of a land search and rescue UAS. The types are asfollows:7.1.1 VTOL, less than 30 min of flight time with full payloadfor category and kind.7.1.2 VTOL, more than 30 min of flight time with fullpayload for category and kind.7.1.3 STOL, less than 45 min of f
31、light time with full payloadfor category and kind.7.1.4 STOL, more than 45 min of flight time with fullpayload for category and kind.F3262 1727.1.5 CTOL, more than2hofflight time with full payloadfor category and kind.7.1.6 Tethered, moored, or captive balloon.8. Keywords8.1 incident command system;
32、 resource typing; search andrescue; sUASASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the
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