1、 ATIS-0300105 ATIS Standard on - NEXT GENERATION INTERCONNECTION INTEROPERABILITY FORUM (NGIIF) AUTO DIALERS REFERENCE DOCUMENT As a leading technology and solutions development organization, the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) brings together the top global ICT companies t
2、o advance the industrys most pressing business priorities. ATIS nearly 200 member companies are currently working to address the All-IP transition, network functions virtualization, big data analytics, cloud services, device solutions, emergency services, M2M, cyber security, network evolution, qual
3、ity of service, billing support, operations, and much more. These priorities follow a fast-track development lifecycle from design and innovation through standards, specifications, requirements, business use cases, software toolkits, open source solutions, and interoperability testing. ATIS is accre
4、dited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The organization is the North American Organizational Partner for the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), a founding Partner of the oneM2M global initiative, a member of and major U.S. contributor to the International Telecommunicatio
5、n Union (ITU), as well as a member of the Inter-American Telecommunication Commission (CITEL). For more information, visit www.atis.org. Notice of Disclaimer a private automatic exchange (PAX) does not have a switchboard, 1This document is available from the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry
6、Solutions (ATIS) at . ATIS-0300105 3 a private automatic branch exchange (PABX) may or may not have a switchboard. Note 2: Use of the term “PBX“ is far more common than “PABX,“ regardless of automation. 3.1.11 Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN): A telecommunications network usually accessed by
7、 telephones, key telephone systems, private branch exchange trunks, and data arrangements. Note: Completion of the circuit between the call originator and call receiver in a PSTN requires network signaling in the form of dial pulses or multi-frequency tones. The worldwide network of public switched
8、(circuit) telephone networks is based on ITU-T Recommendation E.164 (“The international public telecommunication numbering plan”). This document is available at: http:/www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-E.164/en. As defined in ITU-T Rec. G.100, the term “ (PSTN)” or, for short, “Public Network“ is used for any n
9、etwork (without any relation to the legal status of the network operator) providing transmission and switching functions, as well as features which are available to the general public, not restricted to a specific user group. The PSTN provides access points to other networks or terminals only within
10、 a specific geographical area. From the point of view of an end-to-end connection, a public network can function either as a “Transit Network“ (a link between two other networks) or as a combination of “Transit and Terminating Network“ in cases where the public network provides connections to termin
11、al equipment such as telephone sets, or PBXs. 3.1.12 Short Messaging Service (SMS): A service in mobile telephony systems that allows the user to send and receive short messages independently of voice calls; a nearly real-time service that stores messages in store-and-forward servers if the receivin
12、g mobile telephone cannot be contacted. Note: SMS is both the handset function and the network service. SMS is used to inform users of pending voice messages, network outages, etc., but the principal use is in user-to-user messaging. Addressing is by telephone numbers. Networks usually relay message
13、s over network boundaries. There are gateways from e-mail and Web to SMS and from SMS to e-mail. The cost of SMS messages is usually fixed and is lower than for a short voice call. 3.1.13 Secure User Plane Location (SUPL): A set of standards defined by the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) that provides us
14、er plane based location information for Location Based Services (LBS). 3.1.14 SaaS: Sometimes referred to as “on-demand software“, is a software delivery model in which software and associated data are centrally hosted on the cloud. SaaS is typically accessed by users using a thin client via a web b
15、rowser. 3.1.15 Tandem Switch: A Tandem Switch serves as an aggregation point for routing traffic between End Office Switches and other Tandem Switches 3.1.16 TeleTYpe Writer (TTY): A printing telegraph instrument that has a signal-actuated mechanism for automatically printing received messages. Note
16、 1: A TTY may have a keyboard similar to that of a typewriter for sending messages. Note 2: Radio circuits carrying TTY traffic are called “RTTY circuits“ or “RATT circuits.“ 3.1.17 Telecommunications Device for the Deaf (TDD): A machine that uses typed input and output, usually with a visual text d
17、isplay, to enable individuals with hearing or speech impairments to communicate over a telecommunications network. 3.1.18 Text Messaging A communication service that allows a user to send text messages through a telephone or via a telephone network. An example of a text messaging service might be an
18、 SMS. 3.1.19 Voice Message: The delivery of a message to the mobile device that contains a recorded audio clip which is to be subsequently played on the mobile device; either automatically upon receipt or manually via subscriber action. The key differences between text messages and voice messages ar
19、e as follows: Different transport mechanisms on the air interface and network are used. For example, an SMS versus a MMS. Different media types are involved. Size of the message being delivered to the mobile device is much larger for voice messages than for text messages. Therefore, more network and
20、 radio resources are required to deliver voice messages than text messages. ATIS-0300105 4 3.2 Acronyms one example is a “Town Hall” application. A politician will utilize an auto dialer to gather a large group of their constituents by the system calling them individually, inviting them to attend a
21、town hall conference currently in progress. Constituents who wish to attend indicate so by pressing a specified digit on the telephone number pad and then are placed into the on-going discussion led by the politician. Many of these systems have options where the constituent can ask questions. Questi
22、ons can also be asked privately where the politician can respond at a later time. Another type of auto dialer use is where a politician records a brief message which is sent to a list of constituents. This is typically a one-way communication. 6.5 Scammers however, the control levels for IP-based ne
23、tworks are continuing to be developed. Also, many of the network congestion protocols are designed toward blocking calls to a single number, such as radio station contests. The major problems created with the use of auto dialer systems is the inverse, where a single number is calling many numbers. A
24、TIS-0300105 9 7.2 Wireless This section discusses the technical and subscriber aspects, which may have significant differences, related to a voice-based notification service based upon wireless telephony. This voice-based notification service is initiated by a third party server with the intent to s
25、end voice notifications to individuals within a specific notification area. These voice notifications could either be for emergency situations (e.g., spreading wildfires) or a community notification (e.g., community carnival). The principles addressed in this section should apply for any type of aut
26、o dialer type system based upon wireless telephony services. 7.2.1 Technical Differences between Wireline local central office or ENS provider from some other locality. It is recommended that ENS users should check with neighbouring communities to see if they have ENS systems or if that system is se
27、rved out of the same central office. The NGIIF has developed and published ATIS-0300098, Best Practices for Emergency Notification System (ENS) Call Volume Testing Procedure: Wireline. It is recommended ENS providers/users test with their local service providers when entering an area and periodicall
28、y (as locally negotiated) to maintain the integrity of the network. See the document for additional information. 9.1.1 ENS Use ENS users typically use the system to: notify the public of emergency events, and to notify other pre-established groups such as: parents, teachers, students, staff, employe
29、es, responder agencies, SWAT, town board (employees). In some cases they are used to notify officials or media. Frequently, these are life threatening events including weather. Some event usage of ENS systems have been identified primarily for non-life threatening events such as meeting/event notifi
30、cations, traffic light outages, hazardous road conditions, fraud alerts, cybercrime , school cancellation announcements. Other noted events include attendance, public events, embedded operations channel (EOC) activation, other government agency events, police investigations, water outages. ATIS-0300
31、105 21 In many cases other types of notification systems are also used in an emergency. The largest majority use local media some use National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) weather radios, and some use sirens. ENS users use these other systems in combination with the ENS alert. Other sys
32、tems being used may include: e-mail, twitter, phone calls, common alerting protocol. Website, text messages, cable TV, paging system, Ham Radios, and EAS. 9.2 ENS Providers however, there is too many who do not. End users should manage employee access to the system in order to ensure that only appro
33、priate messages are generated. (See also Section on 9.3.7 Administrative Access Rights). 9.3.6 Open Platforms/the Ability to Expand System Interoperability Public safety officials should consider working with communication providers including their mass notification provider(s) that have chosen to t
34、ake an open approach to contact and messaging APIs. These programming interfaces open up application to application interoperability giving public safety officials time-saving and data accuracy capabilities critical in time-sensitive notification situations. Such practice should better ensure that a
35、lternative and complementary notification methods (such as sirens, visual displays, hotlines, etc.) are utilized in a consistent and immediate manner. The service provider can determine availability and usage of APIs. 9.3.7 Administrative Access Rights The system should be configured to allow access
36、 to certain types of contacts and reports based upon the users oversight rights. For instance, the mayor or designated person should be able to call all residents, businesses and staff, but the mayor/designated person may choose to allow the head of the department of health and human services to have access to a select subsection of the government entitys staff and, say, all municipal health facilities.
