1、 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS ATIS-0900105.02.2007(R2012) SYNCHRONOUS OPTICAL NETWORK (SONET) PAYLOAD MAPPINGS ATIS is the leading technical planning and standards development organization committed to the rapid development of global, market-driven standards for the information,
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11、n National Standards Institute. Notice of Disclaimer includes Supplement T1.105.02a-2002) American National Standard for Telecommunications Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) - Payload Mappings Secretariat Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions Approved September 24, 2007 American Natio
12、nal Standards Institute, Inc. Abstract The purpose of this standard is to specify the mapping of payload signals into SONET signals, described in ANSI T1.105-2001. These payload signals include time division multiplexed signals such as those from the asynchronous digital hierarchy described in T1.10
13、7-2002, and packet-or cell-oriented payload data. This standard defines both how the payload signals are mapped into the SONET payload envelopes and the appropriate use of the SONET Path overhead bytes for these payload signals. Note: ATIS-0900105.02-2007 is a revision of T1.105.02-2001 and includes
14、 the supplement T1.105.02a-2002. i ATIS-0900105.02-2007 Foreword The information contained in this Foreword is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordance with ANSIs requirements for an ANS. As such, this Foreword may contain material that has not been
15、subjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the standard. This standard describes the mechanisms for mapping different payloads into the SONET signal at the STS-Nc, STS, and VT levels. Changes from the last version of
16、this standard include data mappings into SONET. Other documents included in the T1.105 series (at the time that this document was approved) are listed below. T1.105 -2001, Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Basic description including multiplex structure, rates, and formats. T1.105.01-2000, Synchro
17、nous Optical Network (SONET) Automatic Protection Switching. T1.105.03-1994, Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Jitter at Network Interfaces. T1.105.04-1995, Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Data Communication Channel Protocols and Architectures. T1.105.05-1994, Synchronous Optical Network (SONE
18、T) Tandem Connection Maintenance. T1.105.06-1996, Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Physical Layer Specifications. T1.105.07-1996 (R2001), Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Sub STS-1 Interface Rates and Formats Specifications. T1.105.08-2001, Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) In-band Forward E
19、rror Correcting Code Specification. T1.105.09-1996 (R2002), Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) - Timing and Synchronization. ANSI guidelines specify two categories of requirements: mandatory and advisory. The mandatory requirements are designated by the word “shall“ and the advisory criteria by the
20、 word “should.“ Mandatory requirements generally apply to signaling and compatibility by specifying absolute, acceptable limits in these areas; advisory requirements generally refer to optional features. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to the Allianc
21、e for Telecommunications Industry Solutions, 1200 G Street, N.W., Suite 500, Washington, D.C. 20005. At the time it approved this document, OPTXS, which is responsible for the development of this Standard had the following members: K. Biholar, OPTXS Chair M. Jones, OPTXS Vice-Chair C. Underkoffer, A
22、TIS Chief Editor Organization Represented Name of Representative ADTRAN Richard Goodson Kevin Schneider (Alt) Alcatel-Lucent Ken Biholar Tim Pantalis (Alt) Applied Micro Circuits Corp. Ravi Subrahmanyan AT the transfer mode is asynchronous in the sense that the recurrence of cells depends on the req
23、uired or instantaneous bit rate. 3.4 bit interleaved parity N (BIP-N): A method of error monitoring. If even parity is used, an N-bit code is generated by the transmitting equipment over a specified portion of the signal in such a manner that the first bit of the code provides even parity over the f
24、irst bit of all N-bit sequences in the covered portion of the signal, the second bit provides even parity over the second bits of all N-bit sequences within the specified portion, and so on. Even parity is generated by setting the BIP-N bits so that there are an even number of 1s in each of all N-bi
25、t sequences including the BIP-N. 3.5 concatenation: A procedure whereby a multiplicity of SPEs or synchronous payload envelopes are associated one with another, with the result that their combined capacity can be used as a single container across which bit sequence integrity is maintained. 3.6 conti
26、guous concatenated synchronous transport signal level N (STS-Nc): An STS-N Line layer signal in which the STS Envelope Capacities from the N STS-1s have been combined to carry an STS-Nc SPE that shall be transported not as several separate signals but as a single entity. The equivalent SDH term for
27、an STS-3c SPE is a VC-4. The equivalent SDH term for an STS-Nc (N 3) SPE is a VC-4-Xc, where X = N/3. The closest equivalent SDH term for an STS-Nc signal is an AU-4-Xc structured STM-M, where M = X = N/3. There are equivalent SDH signals only for values of N that are multiples of 3. 3.7 container:
28、An SDH term that is equivalent to the payload capacity of an SPE. 3.8 DS0 path terminating equipment (DS0 PTE): Network elements that originate and/or terminate the DS0 channels. DS0 PTEs can originate, access, modify, or terminate the DS0 signaling information necessary to transport the DS0 channel
29、s, or can perform any combination of these actions. 3.9 far end block error (FEBE): An indication returned to a transmitting node (source) that an errored block has been detected at the receiving node (sink). The equivalent SDH term is “remote error indication.” 3.10 fiber distributed data interface
30、 (FDDI): A family of American National Standards and International Standards developed by Working Group X3T9.5 of Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) X3. This series defines the protocols, formats, and characteristics of a 100 Mbit/s Token Ring Local Area Network designed to operate on fiber optic
31、media. (See Annex A for references to these standards.) 3.11 fixed stuff (R bits and bytes): Fixed stuff (R bits and bytes) is used to compensate for the differences between the bandwidth available in the STS-1 and VT Synchronous Payload Envelopes and the bandwidth required for the actual payload ma
32、ppings (i.e., DS1, DS1C, DS2, DS3, and so on). R bits and bytes have no defined value. The receiver is required to ignore the value of these bits and bytes. 3.12 generic framing procedure (GFP): An adaptation mechanism that maps data-oriented traffic into variable-length frames. A GFP frame consists
33、 of a core header, payload header(s) and a client payload field. The GFP frame delineation is performed through the GFP payload length header and 2 ATIS-0900105.02-2007 associated CRC in the GFP core header. Data can either be mapped into GFP as one client frame into one GFP frame, or by mapping a n
34、umber of block-coded client characters into a GFP frame. GFP, including the mapping of client signals into GFP and associated OAM or (ii) two STEs. A terminating point is the point after signal regeneration at which performance monitoring is (or may be) done (see Figures 2 and 3 of T1.105-2001). The
35、 equivalent SDH term for section is “regenerator section.” 3.31 SONET: An acronym of Synchronous Optical NETwork. SONET is a term in general usage which refers to the rates and formats specified in T1.105-2001. 3.32 STS envelope capacity: Bandwidth within, and aligned to, the STS Frame that carries
36、the STS SPE. This bandwidth can be combined from N STS-1s in order to carry an STS-Nc SPE. The equivalent SDH term is “STM-M payload (M = N/3).” 3.33 STS path overhead (STS POH): Nine evenly distributed Path Overhead bytes per 125 s starting at the first byte of the STS SPE. STS Path Overhead provid
37、es for communication between the point of creation of an STS SPE, and its point of disassembly. STS Path Overhead is described in T1.105-2001. The equivalent SDH term is “VC-3/4 path overhead (VC-3/4 POH).” 3.34 STS path terminating equipment (STS PTE): Network Elements that multiplex/demultiplex th
38、e STS payload. STS PTEs can originate, access, modify, or terminate the STS Path Overhead necessary to transport the STS payload, or can perform any combination of these actions. 3.35 STS payload capacity: The maximum bandwidth within the STS Synchronous Payload Envelope that is available for payloa
39、d. The equivalent SDH term for STS-1 payload capacity is container level 3 (C-3). The equivalent SDH term for STS-3c payload capacity is container level 4 (C-4). The equivalent SDH term for STS-Nc (N 3) capacity is “container level 4-Xc” (C-4-Xc), where X = (N/3). There are equivalent C-4-Xc signals
40、 only for values of N that are multiples of 3. 3.36 STS synchronous payload envelope (STS SPE): A 125-microsecond frame structure composed of STS Path Overhead and bandwidth for payload. The term generically refers to STS-1 SPEs and STS-Nc SPEs. The equivalent SDH term for STS-1 SPE is “virtual cont
41、ainer level 3 (VC-3),” with the exception that a VC-3 does not contain the fixed stuff bytes found in columns 30 and 59 of an STS-1 SPE. The equivalent SDH term for STS-3c SPE is “virtual container level 4 (VC-4).” The equivalent SDH term for STS-Nc SPE (N 3) is “virtual container level 4-Xc (VC-4-X
42、c),” where X = (N/3). 3.37 super-rate signals: A signal that has to be carried by a Concatenated Synchronous Transport Signal level Nc (STS-Nc). There is no equivalent SDH term. 3.38 synchronous: The essential characteristic of time scales or signals such that their corresponding significant instant
43、s occur at precisely the same average rate. 3.39 synchronous network: The synchronization of synchronous transmission systems with synchronous payloads to a master (network) clock that can be traced to a reference clock. 4 ATIS-0900105.02-2007 3.40 synchronous payloads: Payloads derivable from a net
44、work transmission signal by removing integral numbers of bits in every frame, i.e., there are no variable bit stuffing rate adjustments required to fit the payload in the transmission signal. 3.41 synchronous transport module level 1 (STM-1): The lowest bit-rate signal for the SDH. At 155.52 Mbit/s,
45、 this signal is equivalent in rate and format to a SONET OC-3 signal. 3.42 synchronous transport module level M (STM-M): These are the defined transport signals for the SDH. Defined signals exist at rates of M times 155.52 Mbit/s, where M = 1, 4, 16, or 64. These are equivalent to SONET OC-N signals
46、, where N = 3M. 3.43 synchronous transport signal level (STS-1): The basic logical building block signal with a rate of 51.840 Mbit/s. No electrical interface is defined in this document. SDH does not make the distinction between a logical signal (e.g., STS-1 in SONET) and a physical signal (e.g., O
47、C-1 in SONET). 3.44 synchronous transport signal level N (STS-N): This signal is obtained by byte interleaving N STS-1 signals together. The rate of the STS-N is N times 51.840 Mbit/s. SDH does not make the distinction between a logical signal (e.g., STS-N in SONET) and a physical signal (e.g., OC-N
48、 in SONET). The equivalent SDH term for both logical and physical signals is “synchronous transport module level M (STM-M),” where M = (N/3). There are equivalent STM-M signals only for values of N = 3, 12, 48, and 192. 3.45 transport: Facilities associated with the carriage of OC-1 or higher level
49、signals. 3.46 transport overhead: The overhead added to the STS SPE for transport purposes. Transport Overhead consists of Line and Section Overhead 3.47 tributary unit (TU): The SDH term for SONET virtual tributaries. A TU-11 is equivalent to a SONET VT1.5. A TU-12 is equivalent to a SONET VT2. A TU-2 is equivalent to a SONET VT6. SDH also includes a TU-3, which has no SONET equivalent. 3.48 unassigned (X) bits/bytes: Those locations within the signal that have not had a function or value assigned to them at this time. The receiver is required to ignore the value of th
