1、 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS ATIS-1000654.1996(R2013) Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN) Operations and Maintenance (OAM) Principles and Functions As a leading technology and solutions development organization, ATIS brings together the top global ICT compani
2、es to advance the industrys most-pressing business priorities. Through ATIS committees and forums, nearly 200 companies address cloud services, device solutions, emergency services, M2M communications, cyber security, ehealth, network evolution, quality of service, billing support, operations, and m
3、ore. These priorities follow a fast-track development lifecycle from design and innovation through solutions that include standards, specifications, requirements, business use cases, software toolkits, and interoperability testing. ATIS is accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANS
4、I). ATIS is the North American Organizational Partner for the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), a founding Partner of oneM2M, a member and major U.S. contributor to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Radio and Telecommunications sectors, and a member of the Inter-American Telec
5、ommunication Commission (CITEL). For more information, visit. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is establis
6、hed when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be cons
7、idered, and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, p
8、rocesses, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an
9、American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at an
10、y time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standar
11、ds Institute. Notice of Disclaimer their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approvedthe standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingproducts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute doe
12、s not develop standards andwill in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStandard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue aninterpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the AmericanNational Standards Institute. Requests for interpre
13、tations should be ad-dressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title pageof this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically
14、 to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive current information on all standards by calling or writing the AmericanNational Standards Institute.Published byAmerican National Standards Institute11 West 42nd Street, New York, New York 10036Copy
15、right 1996 by Alliance for Telecommunications Industry SolutionsAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in anyform, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without prior written permission of the publisher.Printed in the United States of AmericaAPS3C696/24iForeword i
16、i1 Scope, purpose, and application .12 Normative references .13 Requirements.2Figures1 B-ISDN OAM relation to TMN .22 Example of B-SDN OAM flows 33 SONET/ATM maintenance signal interaction.54 Generic PDH/ATM maintenance signal interaction 6AnnexesA Bandwidth requirements for OAM functions.8B Bibliog
17、raphy 9ContentsPageiiForeword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard T1.654-1996.)This American National Standard is one of a series of B-ISDN standardsdeveloped by Technical Subcommittee, T1S1, of Committee T1,Telecommunications. American National Standards for Telecommuni-cations
18、 serve the public through improved understanding between carriers,end-users, and manufacturers.This particular standard will be useful to anyone engaged in the provision-ing and operation of telecommunications equipment to be used within theB-ISDN technology. The standard establishes the requirement
19、s for opera-tions and maintenance principles and functions for B-ISDN. This standardhas been developed as a delta document to ITU-T Recommendation I.610-1995. Those changes included within this standard are necessary to oper-ate within the North American digital transmission hierarchy. This standard
20、is subject to revision and updating as warranted by advances in B-ISDNtechnology.There are two annexes in this standard. Both are informative and are notconsidered part of the standard.Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. Theyshould be sent to the Alliance for Telecommunicat
21、ions Industry Solutions,1200 G Street, NW, Suite 500, Washington, DC 20005.This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI byAccredited Standards Committee on Telecommunications, T1. Committeeapproval of the standard does not necessarily imply that all membersvoted for its approval. A
22、t the time it approved this standard, the T1Committtee had the following members:Arthur K. Reilly, ChairmanGerald H. Peterson, Vice-ChairmanO.J. Gusella, Jr. SecretaryWayne Zeuch, Senior EditorDemosthenes Kostas, Technical EditorDavid Richard, Technical EditorOrganization Represented Name of Represe
23、ntativeEXCHANGE CARRIERSAmeritech Services, Inc. Laurence A. YoungRichard Wood (Alt.)Bell Atlantic.Roger NuchoBellcore.James C. StaatsE. R. Hapeman (Alt.)BellSouth Telecommunications, Inc. William J. McNamara, IIIMalcolm Threlkeld, Jr. (Alt.)Cincinnati Bell Telephone Andy MacIntyreLinda Price (Alt.)
24、GTE Telephone Operations .Bernard J. HarrisRichard L. Cochran (Alt.)McCaw Cellular Communications.David HolmesLeo Nikkari (Alt.)National Telephone Cooperative Association .Joseph M. FlaniganNYNEX .James F. BaskinMichael Brusca (Alt.)Pacific Bell Sal R. TesoroPuerto Rico Telephone Company.Segundo Rui
25、zAlberto E. Morales (Alt.)iiiOrganization Represented Name of RepresentativeSBC Communications, Inc. C. C. BaileyJoseph Mendoza (Alt.)Sprint Local Telecommunications Division.Robert P. McCabeHarold L. Fuller (Alt.)US Telephone Association (USTA) Dennis ByrnePaul Hart (Alt.)US WESTJames L. EitelDarry
26、l Debault (Alt.)INTEREXCHANGE CARRIERSAT advisory requirements generally refer to the optionalfeatures.ANSI T1.654-199631.1) Include at the end of Section 3.1/I.610 “OAM levels in the B-ISDN” this table:Sublayer SONET SDH PDH OAM Flows Transmission Path * Path Dig. Path Dig.Path F3Digital Section Li
27、ne Mux. Sec. N/A F2Regenerator Section Reg. Sec. Reg. Sec. Line F1(*) includes ATM Specific Physical Layer function2) In Section 4.1/I.610 “Physical layer mechanisms” Replace last sentence with:Only two types of transmission are required to be supported in ATM networks: SONET-based and DS1/DS3 frame
28、-based systems. Type transmission to be supported inATM networks shall be in accordance with ANSI T1.646 and T1.640. Supplement figure 2/I.610 with the following figure:Network#1Network#2Network#3Virtual LinkVirtual LinkVirtual LinkVirtual LinkVCI = 3 for VPCsVirtual Connection SegmentVirtual Connec
29、tionVirtual Link TerminationVirtual Connection TerminationCross-Connect FunctionalityOAM CellsOAM CellsPT = 4 for VCCsVCI = 4 for VPCsPT = 5 for VCCsFigure 2 Example of B-ISDN OAM flows3) Replace Section 4.1.1/I.610 “SDH-based transmission systems” with following:4.1.1 SONET-based transmission syste
30、ms (Ref. ANSI T1.105-1995, ANSI T1.105.02-1995).Flows F1 and F2 shall be carried on bytes in the Section and Line overhead, respectively asdefined in ANSI T1.105. Flow F3 shall be carried in the Path overhead of the STStransmission frame as defined in ANSI T1.105.02. The F1, F2, and F3 flows shall a
31、lsosupport the performance monitoring requirements defined in ANSI T1.231.ANSI T1.654-199644) Support for the transmission system of Section 4.1.2/I.610 “Cell-based transmissionsystems” is not required.5) Section 4.1.3/I.610 “PDH-rate frame-based transmission systems”Only DS1 and DS3-based transmiss
32、ion systems as defined in ANSI T1.646 and T1.640 shallbe supported. The F1, F2, and F3 flows shall also support the performance monitoringrequirements defined in ANSI T1.231:6) The following text is added at the beginning of Section 4.2/I.610 “ATM layermechanism”:Physical connections, such as SONET
33、STS Paths, support two types of ATM virtualconnections: Virtual Path Connections (VPCs) and Virtual Channel Connections (VCCs). Forsome* VPCs or VCCs, connection-specific operations information such as failure indications,performance monitoring data and test requests (e.g., loopback commands) will n
34、eed to beexchanged or communicated between VPC and VCC nodes (currently defined as any nodeterminating or accessing the VPC or VCC). Mechanisms to transmit such information at theVP and VC levels for both end-to-end connections and connection segments are describedbelow.* There will be many VPCs and
35、 VCCs in a B-ISDN and it would be too costly andunreasonable to expect the network provider(s) to provide all OAM functions on allconnections. There will, however, be some VPCs and VCCs (e.g., long duration or semi-permanent connections) that the network provider will choose to proactively and react
36、ivelymaintain above and beyond that which is typically done for VPCs and VCCs.7) Replace text in Section 5/I.610 “OAM functions of the Physical Layer”with the following:This section is intended to be consistent with Section 5 of ITU-T Rec. I.610, except that thecell-based Physical Layer is not requi
37、red to be supported in American National Standards onB-ISDN UNI and NNI (ANSI T1.640 and T1.646).SONET-based and DS1/DS3-based Physical Layers supporting ATM UNI and NNI/INI shallcomply with the OAM requirements specified in ANSI T1.640 and T1.646.Each Physical Layer supporting ATM will have its spe
38、cific OAM capabilities and limitations. Aminimum requirement is that the Physical Layer including the Transmission Convergence(TC) sublayer shall provide a Loss of Cell Delineation (LCD) defect indication to the ATMLayer. In the case of the DS1 and DS3 direct-mapped PDH systems, the TC sublayer shal
39、lprovide the LCD defect indication to the ATM Layer.A summary of SONET/ATM maintenance signal interactions is given in figure 3. A similarsummary of DS1/ATM and DS3/ATM maintenance signal interactions is given in figure 4.ANSI T1.654-19965Figure 3 SONET/ATM maintenance signal interactionANSI T1.654-
40、19966Figure 4 Generic PDH/ATM maintenance signal interactionANSI T1.654-199678) Amend the notes to figure 4/I.610 Section 5.1/I.610 “OAM flows in some physicalconfigurations” as follows: In note 1, “SDH ” is replaced by “SONET ” ; Notes 2 and 3 are deleted.9) Modify Section 5.2.1/I.610 “OAM function
41、s supported solely by the Flows F1 to F3”as follows: Table 4/I.610 is not required to be supported. Table 3/I.610 is modified according to SONET specifications, namely: SDH Multiplex Section (MS) is labeled SONET Line; SDH Multiplex Section Adaptation (MSA) is merged into SONET Line; SDH MS-RDI is l
42、abeled SONET RDI-L; SDH Path-RDI is labeled SONET RDI-P; Note 3 does not apply. ANSI T1.646, tables 13 and 14 shall be referenced for SONET physical layermanagement. ANSI T1.646, tables 18, 19, 21, and 22 shall be referenced for PDH physical layermanagement. If theres any conflict between ANSI T1.64
43、6 and ITU-T Recommendation I.432, ANSIT1.646 takes precedence.10) In Section 5.2.2/I.610 “OAM functions with regard to the System Management”,Support of the cell-based option list is not required and the SDH-based list of functions applyfor SONET-based systems. This includes functions providing “unc
44、orrectable header count”and “header error performance monitoring (degraded or not)”.11) Section 6.2.3/I.610 “Activation/Deactivation Procedures”Only TMN-based ATM OAM activation/deactivation capabilities and procedures described inthis section are required. OAM cell-based activation/deactivation cap
45、abilities and proceduresare optional.12) Add the following informative annexes:ANSI T1.654-19968Annex A(informative)Bandwidth requirements for OAM functionsBandwidth requirements for OAM functions are important to consider when engineeringpoint-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections. If OAM fu
46、nctions are desired, then theseconnections must include sufficient bandwidth for both forward and return-flow OAMmessages. If sufficient bandwidth is not reserved, user traffic and/or OAM cells could be lost.Although OAM functions are very desirable, they may not be necessary on every connection,dep
47、ending on the application and quality of service desired.A.1 Bandwidth needs for point-to-point connectionsIf OAM cell flows are desired, then connections must have a non-zero return bandwidth, andit must be sufficient for both user data cells and OAM cells of each priority class (OAM cellscan have
48、priority 0 or 1). OAM cells are not policed separately from user data cells.The traffic generated by OAM cells per connection in a given direction is as follows: 1 cell/second for AS and RDI functions; 1 activation/deactivation handshaking cell per activation/deactivation request; For a connection o
49、n which one-way performance monitoring is active, PM cells willaccount for 0.078% to 0.78% of traffic (corresponding to block sizes of 1024 and 128,respectively). However, if two-way performance monitoring is active, each direction mayhave twice as much PM OAM cell traffic (worst case of 1.56%), due to the backwardreports. The traffic doubles again if end-to-end and segment performance monitoring areboth active at one reference point. Thus, the bandwidth overhead required for PM OAMfunction lies between 0.078%, and at most 3.125% per point-
