1、ANSI/AWS B2.1-1-209-96 (R2007)An American National StandardStandard Welding ProcedureSpecification (SWPS) forGasTungsten ArcWelding Followed byShielded Metal ArcWelding of CarbonSteel (M-1/P-1/S-1,Group 1 or 2), 1/8through 1-1/2 inchThick, ER70S-2 andE7018, As-Welded orPWHT Condition,Primarily PipeA
2、pplicationsSite LicenseSite License to Make Copies for Intra-Company UseThis License is issued by the American Welding Society (hereinafter referred to as “AWS”) to you(hereinafter referred to as “Licensee”) based upon your application and conditions:1. By becoming a Licensee, Licensee agrees to all
3、 the terms contained in this License.2. Licensee is authorized to reproduce this AWS B2 Standard Welding Procedure for intra-company use only. Copies may not be made available to any individual not employed byLicensee or for any purpose unrelated to the business being conducted by Licensee.3. Any re
4、production must include the following copyright notice: “Copyright by the AmericanWelding Society. Reproduced with the express written permission of the American WeldingSociety.”4. Licensee may not enter into any sublicense agreement.5. Reproduction of this Standard Welding Procedure signifies that
5、you agree with the terms of theLicense. If you do not agree with the terms of this License please return this document, and anew document without the copyright notice will be issued.6. The AWS B2 Standard Welding Procedures are not the subject of any warranty. AWS disclaimsany liability arising from
6、 the use of any Standard Welding Procedure. AWS is not liable for anyactual or consequential damages that may arise from the use of any Standard Welding Procedure.7. Licensee will notify AWS in writing if it becomes aware that any employee or other party hasmade copies or otherwise made use of any S
7、tandard Welding Procedure contrary to the terms ofthe License.8. This License contains the entire understanding as between Licensee and AWS, and any changesmust be contained in a writing signed by both parties.9. The terms of this License are governed under the laws of the State of Florida, and both
8、 partiesagree to submit to the jurisdiction of the cognizant court of law within Dade County, Florida toresolve any disputes.550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126ANSI/AWS B2.1-1-209-96 (R2007)An American National StandardApproved by theAmerican National Standards InstituteJune 7, 1996Standard Weldi
9、ng ProcedureSpecification (SWPS) forGas Tungsten Arc Welding Followed byShielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel(M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through1-1/2 inch Thick, ER70S-2 and E7018,As-Welded or PWHT Condition,Primarily Pipe ApplicationsPrepared by theAmerican Welding Society (AWS) B2 Commit
10、tee on Welding Procedure and Performance QualificationUnder the Direction of theAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved by theAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis standard contains the essential welding variables for carbon steel in the thickness range of 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch,using manual gas tun
11、gsten arc welding followed by shielded metal arc welding. It cites the base metals and operatingconditions necessary to make the weldment, the filler metal specifications, and the allowable joint designs for fillet andgroove welds. This WPS was developed primarily for pipe applications.Key WordsWeld
12、ing Procedure Specification, base metal, allowable joint designs, filler metal, carbon steel, gas tungsten arc welding, shielded metal arc welding, manual weldingiiANSI/AWS B2.1-1-209-96 (R2007)International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-496-5American Welding Society550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL
13、33126 1996 by American Welding SocietyAll rights reservedPrinted in the United States of AmericaReaffirmed: January 11, 2007iiiANSI/AWS B2.1-1-209-96 (R2007)Statement on the Use of American Welding Society StandardsAll standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications
14、, and guides) of the AmericanWelding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of theAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, ormade part of, documents that are included
15、in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other govern-mental bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWSstandards must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become
16、a part ofthose laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other documentthat invokes the AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirementsof an AWS standard must be by agreement between the
17、 contracting parties.AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that bringstogether volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the processand establishes rules to promote fairness in the dev
18、elopment of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, orverify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whetherspecial, indirect
19、, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or relianceon this standard. AWS also makes no guaranty or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any informationpublished herein.In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither unde
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21、mpetent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances.This standard may be superseded by the issuance of new editions. Users should ensure that they have the latest edition.Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade na
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23、standard, nor does it have the power to do so.On occasion, text, tables, or figures are printed incorrectly, constituting errata. Such errata, when discovered, are postedon the AWS web page (www.aws.org).Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtai
24、ned by sending a request,in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society,Attention: Managing Director, Technical Services Division, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126. With regard totechnical inquiries made concerning AWS stan
25、dards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. These opinionsare offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute professional advice. Such opinionsrepresent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do not sp
26、eak on behalfof AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addition, oralopinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS B2 Committee
27、on Welding Procedure and PerformanceQualification. It must be reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn.Comments (recommendations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving thisstandard are required and should be ad
28、dressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful considerationby the AWS B2 Committee on Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification and the author of the comments willbe informed of the Committees response to the comments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS B2Co
29、mmittee on Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification to express their comments verbally. Procedures forappeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the TechnicalActivities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American
30、 Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeuneRoad, Miami, FL 33126.ivANSI/AWS B2.1-1-209-96 (R2007)Personnel (Reaffirmation)AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance QualificationG. M. Wisbrock, Chair Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire ControlJ. J. Fluckiger, Vice Chair Idaho National LaboratoryW. M. Ruof,
31、Second Vice Chair Bechtel Plant Machinery, IncorporatedS. Morales, Secretary American Welding SocietyT. J. Anderson ConsultantB. Beckman International Training InstituteL. P. Connor ConsultantJ. L. Cooley J C If used, root shielding gas shall be Welding Grade ArgonFlow Rate: A typical flow rate of 5
32、 to 15 ft3/h may be varied depending on componentconfigurationTrailing Gas: NoneTorch Gas Nozzle Size: 1/4 to 3/4 in. inside diameterTUNGSTEN ELECTRODESType: ANSI/AWS A5.12 or ASME SFA 5.12, EWTh-2, EWCe-2, or EWLa-1Size: 0.060 through 0.125 in. diameter sharpened to a blunt pointELECTRICAL CHARACTE
33、RISTICSGROOVE WELDSFiller Metal CurrentLayer Classification1Dia. (in.) Amperes2PolarityRoot3ER70S-2 1/16 60100 DCEN (Straight)Root3ER70S-2 3/32 80140 DCEN (Straight)Root3ER70S-2 1/8 100160 DCEN (Straight)Fill E7018 3/32 70100 DCEP (Reverse)Fill E7018 1/8 115165 DCEP (Reverse)Fill E7018 5/32 150220 D
34、CEP (Reverse)Fill E7018 3/165200275 DCEP (Reverse)FILLET WELDS AND GROOVE WELDS ON BACKING RINGS4Filler Metal CurrentLayer Classification1Dia. (in.) Amperes2PolarityRoot or Fill ER70S-2 1/16 60100 DCEN (Straight)Root or Fill ER70S-2 3/32 80140 DCEN (Straight)Root or Fill ER70S-2 1/8 100160 DCEN (Str
35、aight)Root or Fill E7018 3/32 70100 DCEP (Reverse)Root or Fill E7018 1/8 115165 DCEP (Reverse)Fill E7018 5/32 150220 DCEP (Reverse)Fill E7018 3/165200275 DCEP (Reverse)1. The care and storage of electrodes shall be as recommended by the electrode manufacturer to ensure that thelow-hydrogen character
36、istics are maintained.2. Values not to exceed capacity of tungsten electrodes.3. An additional layer is optional.4. Backing rings may be used when permitted by the fabrication document(s).5. Flat and Horizontal positions only.Pulsing Current: Not permittedANSI/AWS A5.12 or ASME SFA 5.12, EWTh-2, EWC
37、e-2, EWLa-1, or EWLa-1.5ANSI/AWS B2.1-1-209-96 (R2007)Page 4 of 17Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyCOMPANY NAMEIn the name of the Company stated above, I accept full responsibility for the appl
38、ication of this Standard WPSfor use with:DatedFabrication Document(s): (such as Code, Specification, or Contract Document)DATE APPROVED BY TITLEPOSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT (PWHT)Postweld Heat Treatment: Welds may either be as-welded or postweld heat treated at 1100 to 1200F oras required by the fabricat
39、ion document(s). If heat treated, the heat treatmenttime shall be 1 hour per inch of thickness (15 minutes minimum) unlessotherwise noted in the fabrication document(s).TECHNIQUEWeave or Stringer Bead: EitherPeening: Not permittedInitial Cleaning: Chemical or mechanical; joint shall be dry prior to
40、weldingInterpass Cleaning: Mechanical onlyBackgouging: Mechanical or thermal when required by Figure 1Single or Multiple Passes: Either. All pressure retaining welds shall be a minimum of two passes.Maximum Bead Thickness: 1/4 in.Repair: Defects in welds shall be removed by mechanical or thermal met
41、hods. Therepair cavity may differ in contour and dimension from a normal joint preparationand may present different restraint conditions. Repair of base metal defectsshall be in accordance with the requirements of the fabrication document(s).ANSI/AWS B2.1-1-209-96 (R2007)Page 5 of 17Standard Welding
42、 Procedure Specification (SWPS)Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyFigure 1Allowable Joint DesignsFILLET WELDS: All JointsGROOVE WELDS: For pipe and tubular products, see Joints 1 through 7. In addition, joints havinggroove designs resulting f
43、rom end preparations conforming with ASME/ANSI B16.25, ButtweldingEnds, and prequalified joint details for complete joint penetration groove welded joints permitted byANSI/AWS D1.1, Structural Welding Code Steel, are also allowable for application with this WPS.JOINT 2f RafgRaJOINT 1ANSI/AWS B2.1-1-
44、209-96 (R2007)Page 6 of 17Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyFigure 1 (continued) Allowable Joint DesignsfRraJOINT 3JOINT 4f1f2RrabANSI/AWS B2.1-1-209-96 (R2007)Page 7 of 17Standard Welding Proce
45、dure Specification (SWPS)Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyFigure 1 (continued) Allowable Joint DesignsfR3/4 in. MAX.BALANCEabJOINT 5JOINT 6fR3/4 in. MAX.BALANCErabANSI/AWS B2.1-1-209-96 (R2007)Page 8 of 17Standard Welding Procedure Specific
46、ation (SWPS)Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyFigure 1 (continued) Allowable Joint DesignsTYPICAL BRANCH CONNECTIONJOINT 7ffRaRECOMMENDED WELDING DIMENSIONS FOR SOCKET WELDING COMPONENTS OTHER THAN FLANGESJOINT 8TnXXANSI/AWS B2.1-1-209-96 (R
47、2007)Page 9 of 17Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyYXYXXXXXX X XYYAPPROXIMATELY1/16 in. BEFORE WELDINGX MIN. = 1.4 Tn OR THE THICKNESS OF THE HUB, WHICHEVER IS SMALLER, UNLESS OTHERWISE REQUIRED
48、 BYTHE FABRICATION DOCUMENT(S)Y MIN. = Tn OR 1/4 in., WHICHEVER IS SMALLER, UNLESS OTHERWISE REQUIRED BY THE FABRICATION DOCUMENT(S)Tn = NOMINAL PIPE WALL THICKNESSRECOMMENDED WELDING DIMENSIONS FOR FLANGESJOINT 9ANSI/AWS B2.1-1-209-96 (R2007)Page 10 of 17Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SW
49、PS)Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyMetric Conversionsin. mm F C ft3/h L/min1/32 0.8 50 10 5 2.40.060 1.5 500 260 12 5.71/16 1.6 1100 595 15 7.13/32 2.4 1200 650 25 11.90.125 3.21/8 3.23/16 4.81/4 6.43/4 19.01 25.41-1/2 38.0Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyANSI/AWS B2.1-1-208-96 (R2007)Page 11 of 17A1. IntroductionThe American Welding Society (AWS) Board of Directorshas adopted a policy whereby all official interpretationsof AWS standards are hand
