1、Specification forSolderingProcedureand PerformanceQualificationAWS B2.3/B2.3M:2018An American National StandardAWS B2.3/B2.3M:2018An American National StandardApproved by theAmerican National Standards InstituteMarch 29, 2018Specification forSoldering Procedure andPerformance Qualification3rd Editio
2、nSupersedes AWS B2.3/B2.3M:2012Prepared by theAmerican Welding Society (AWS) B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance QualificationUnder the Direction of theAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved by theAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis specification provides the requirements for qualification
3、of soldering procedure specifications, solderers, and sol-dering operators for manual, mechanized, and automatic soldering. The soldering processes included are torch soldering,furnace soldering, induction soldering, resistance soldering, dip soldering, iron soldering, and infrared soldering. Baseme
4、tals, soldering filler metals, soldering fluxes, soldering atmospheres, and soldering joint clearances are also included.iiAWS B2.3/B2.3M:2018 ISBN: 978-0-87171-950-8 2018 by American Welding SocietyAll rights reservedPrinted in the United States of AmericaPhotocopy Rights. No portion of this standa
5、rd may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in anyform, including mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyrightowner.Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only or the int
6、ernal, personal, oreducational classroom use only of specific clients is granted by the American Welding Society provided that the appropriatefee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8400; Internet:.iiiAWS B2.3/B2.3M:2018 Statement on the U
7、se of American Welding Society StandardsAll standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the AmericanWelding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of theAmerican National Standards In
8、stitute (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, ormade part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmentalbodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any ch
9、anges in those AWS standardsmust be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those lawsand regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokesthe AWS standards. Where this con
10、tractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWSstandard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that bringstogether volunteers representing varied viewpoint
11、s and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the processand establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, orverify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.AWS discla
12、ims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whetherspecial, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or relianceon this standard. AWS also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the a
13、ccuracy or completeness of any information publishedherein.In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for oron behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someoneels
14、e. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek theadvice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. It isassumed that the use of this standard and its provisions is entrusted to a
15、ppropriately qualified and competent personnel.This standard may be superseded by new editions. This standard may also be corrected through publication of amendmentsor errata, or supplemented by publication of addenda. Information on the latest editions of AWS standards includingamendments, errata,
16、and addenda is posted on the AWS web page (www.aws.org). Users should ensure that they havethe latest edition, amendments, errata, and addenda.Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade name. Users of this standard acceptany and all liabilities for infringeme
17、nt of any patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement ofany patent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard.AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.Official interpretations of any of
18、 the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request,in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society,Attention: Managing Director, Standards Development, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166 (see
19、 Annex E). Withregard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. Theseopinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute professional advice.Such opinions represent only the personal opinions o
20、f the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do notspeak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS.In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.This
21、 standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification.It must be reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommen-dations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be
22、 of use in improving this standard are required andshould be addressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS B2 Committeeon Procedure and Performance Qualification and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committeesresponse to the comments. Gu
23、ests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Perfor-mance Qualification to express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning allsuch comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A cop
24、y of these Rules canbe obtained from the American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166.This page is intentionally blank.ivAWS B2.3/B2.3M:2018 vAWS B2.3/B2.3M:2018 PersonnelAWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance QualificationJ. L. Cooley, Chair J. C. therefore, each system mu
25、st be used independently.1.3 Safety. Safety and health issues and concerns are beyond the scope of this standard and therefore are not addressedherein. Safety and health information is available from the following sources:American Welding Society:(1) ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allie
26、d Processes(2) AWS Safety and Health Fact Sheets(3) Other safety and health information on the AWS websiteMaterial or Equipment Manufacturers:(1) Safety Data Sheets supplied by materials manufacturers(2) Operating Manuals supplied by equipment manufacturersApplicable Regulatory AgenciesWork performe
27、d in accordance with this standard may involve the use of materials that have been deemed hazardous,and may involve operations or equipment that may cause injury or death. This standard does not purport to address allsafety and health risks that may be encountered. The user of this standard should e
28、stablish an appropriate safety programto address such risks as well as to meet applicable regulatory requirements. ANSI Z49.1 should be considered whendeveloping the safety program.4Source: Reproduced from AWS Soldering Handbook, 3rd ed., Table 4.5, Miami: American Welding Society.AWS B2.3/B2.3M:201
29、832. Normative ReferencesThe following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute mandatory provisions of thisAWS standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced standard shall apply. For dated references,subsequent amendments to, or revisio
30、ns of, any of these publications do not apply.American Welding Society (AWS) Documents:5AWS A3.0M/A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions, Including Terms for Adhesive Bonding, Brazing, Sol-dering, Thermal Cutting, and Thermal Spraying;AWS B4.0, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds;
31、 andAWS B4.0M, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds (Metric Customary Units).Other Documents:ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes;6ASTM B32, Standard Specification for Solder Metal;7ASTM B813, Specification for Fluxes for Soldering and Braze Welding;ASTM B907, Spe
32、cification Zinc, Tin and Cadmium Base Alloys used as Solders;ASTM E29, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifica-tions; andNFPA 51B, Standard for Fire Prevention During Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work.83. Terms and DefinitionsAWS A3.0M/A
33、3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions, provides the basis for terms and definitions used herein.However, the following terms and definitions are included below to accommodate usage specific to this document.Employer. The contractor or manufacturer of the production soldered assembly for which
34、soldering procedure and per-formance qualifications are required. Whenever approval, signature, or certification by the employer is required bythis specification, it shall mean the Employer or a designated employee within the employers organization. Closelyrelated companies, including those with dif
35、ferent names for which effective control of soldering is as one organiza-tion, shall be considered as one Employer.qualification variable. A soldering variable which, if changed beyond the limitations specified, requires requalificationof the procedure.qualified solderer. One who is qualified to the
36、 requirements of this specification to perform manual soldering.qualified soldering operator. One who is qualified to the requirements of this specification to operate furnace, mecha-nized, or automatic soldering equipment.Qualifier. The Employer, organization, or individual specified by the Referen
37、cing Document as responsible for con-ducting and supervising qualification testing.Referencing Document. The product standard or contract document that invokes this specification.soldered test assembly. Workpieces joined by soldering for the purpose of qualifying soldering procedures, solderers,or s
38、oldering operators.5AWS standards are published by the American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166.6ANSI Z49.1 is published by the American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166.7ASTM standards are published by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Cons
39、hohocken, PA 19428-2959.8NFPA standards are published by the National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169.AWS B2.3/B2.3M:20184soldering procedure qualification record (SPQR). A record of soldering variables used to produce an acceptable sol-dering test assembly and the
40、 results of tests conducted on the assembly to qualify a soldering procedure specification.soldering procedure specification (SPS). A document specifying the required soldering variables for a specific application.soldering variable. Any controllable detail of a soldering procedure which is required
41、 to be addressed on the SPS.specimen. The soldered test assembly or portion thereof that is evaluated for qualification purposes.specimen blank. That portion of a soldered test assembly that is removed for the production of a specimen. In somecases, the specimen blank is also the specimen.4. Solderi
42、ng Procedure Qualification4.1 General. A soldering procedure qualification provides test data for assessing the properties of a soldered joint. It isthe obligation of manufacturers to produce soldered assemblies that have properties suitable for the application. Theproof of production solder soundne
43、ss is determined by the type and extent of testing and examination applied, which isthe responsibility of the Referencing Document.4.1.1 Each soldering procedure shall be qualified to establish the properties that are expected to result from its appli-cation to production soldered joints. To qualify
44、 a soldering procedure, the following steps are necessary:(1) The employer shall prepare a preliminary soldering procedure specification (SPS) to be used in making a solderedtest assembly. Any format may be used for the SPS, provided all qualification variables and other applicable informationare in
45、cluded.(2) The actual conditions used in making the soldered test assembly and the results of the required examination andspecimen testing shall be recorded on a soldering procedure qualification record (SPQR). Any format may be used, pro-vided all essential and nonessential qualification variables
46、are addressed.(3) When the results meet the acceptance criteria of this document, the qualifying company shall certify by signatureand date that the soldering and testing for procedure qualification are in accordance with AWS B2.3/B2.3M.(4) If the results do not meet the acceptance criteria, a new s
47、oldered test assembly shall be prepared. Soldered test as-semblies shall not be repaired.(5) Procedures qualified by one employer are not transferable to another employer.4.1.2 During the making of procedure test assemblies for qualification (see Table A.1), the solderer or soldering oper-ator shall
48、 be under the full supervision and control of the Qualifier. The Qualifier is responsible for ensuring proper:(1) Preparation of workpieces for soldering,(2) Documentation of the soldering test assembly variables,(3) Preparation of specimens from the completed soldered test assembly,(4) Performance
49、of examination and mechanical tests, and(5) Documentation of results.4.1.3 A change in qualification variable beyond the allowed limits of 4.3 Qualification Variables shall require requal-ification of the SPS and preparation of a new SPS. Changes in other variables shall not require requalification, providedsuch changes are documented in a revised SPS.4.1.4 SPQRs shall not be revised, except to correct errors or add omitted information. However, all such changesshall be identified and dated on the SPQR.4.1.5 SPSs and SPQRs shall be identified according to a system that allows traceability b
